Abstract:
:After a single intravenous injection of suramin the rate of removal of the drug from the plasma into other tissue compartments of the rat is independent of initial concentration. The data can be fitted to the sum of two exponential functions, consistent with a two-compartment, open model system. Trypanosomes take up only small amounts of suramin in vivo and do not actively concentrate the drug within the cell. Uptake is apparently by a non-saturable process that decreases with time and is dependent on the amount of suramin already taken up. Once within the cell, suramin progressively inhibits respiration and glycolysis, such that, for a given exposure in vivo, inhibition of oxygen consumption is proportional to the total amount of suramin absorbed. It can be calculated that only a fraction (4--9%) of this total is required to inhibit respiration to the extent found in broken cell preparations. The combined inhibition of two key enzymes in glycolysis--the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase (EC unassigned) and the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (sn-glycerol-3-phosphate: NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.8)--are sufficient to account for the differential inhibition of glucose and oxygen consumption and of pyruvate production, together with the small, but significant, production of glycerol. Even at the highest dose of suramin tolerated by the rat, trypanosomes continue to increase exponentially in the bloodstream for at least 6 h. The mean doubling time is increased from 4.6 h to a maximum of about 12.5 h in rats treated with doses of suramin in the range 25--150 mg/kg. In the light of these and other findings, it is concluded that part of the trypanocidal action of suramin results from the inhibition of ATP production by glycolysis.
journal_name
Mol Biochem Parasitoljournal_title
Molecular and biochemical parasitologyauthors
Fairlamb AH,Bowman IBdoi
10.1016/0166-6851(80)90050-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-10-01 00:00:00pages
315-33issue
6eissn
0166-6851issn
1872-9428pii
0166-6851(80)90050-Xjournal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have isolated and characterized a gene encoding a novel GTP-binding protein of the GTPase superfamily in the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cloned molecule has approximately 30% overall homology to ras proteins and approximately 90% homology to the '...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90175-j
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular Apicomplexa, a phylum where one of the current methods for functional studies relies on molecular genetic tools. For Toxoplasma gondii, the first method described, in 1993, was based on resistance against chloramphenicol. As in T. gondii, we developed a vector constituted ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.08.001
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::GRA3 is a 30-kDa protein located inside the dense granules of Toxoplasma gondii. Following invasion and exocytosis of dense granules within the parasitophorous vacuole, GRA3 becomes associated with the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) and extensions of the PVM which protrude into the cytoplasm. A partial cDNA e...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)90169-4
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) was isolated from 56 stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from human patients, animals and insects from Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia and Costa Rica. Comparison of the patterns of digested kDNA on acrylamide gels led to the grouping of several stocks into two schizodemes. Schizodeme analysis was a...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(90)90160-n
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The technique of RNA interference (RNAi) is exceedingly useful for knocking down the expression of a specific mRNA in African trypanosomes and other organisms for the purpose of examining the function of its gene. However, when we attempted to apply RNAi in the Latin American trypanosome, Trypanosoma cruzi, to diminis...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.10.005
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies designated 8G10/48 and 9E3/48 raised against mature asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum inhibit parasite growth in vitro. Both antibodies bind to an epitope which includes the linear sequence Ser Thr Asn Ser and which is present in a cDNA clone from a P. falciparum expression library. T...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(88)90173-9
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The precursor of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of the variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei is known as glycolipid A and it has the structure: EtN-PO4-6Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-6Man alpha 1-4GlcN alpha 1-6myo-inositol-PO4-(sn-1,2-dimyristoylglycerol). This precursor exists in equilibriu...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02585-6
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 25-kb CpFAS1 gene from Cryptosporidium parvum has been engineered and expressed as five individual maltose-binding protein (MBP)-fusion proteins: an N-terminal loading unit, three fatty acyl elongation modules, and a C-terminal reductase. Enzymatic activities of all domains (except the reductase) were individually a...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.11.011
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trypanosoma cruzi attaches and invades a large variety of mammalian cells by receptor-mediated interactions, one of them involving the binding of parasite trans-sialidase to host sialyl receptors. Three proteoglycan-deficient mutants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used to probe the role of host heparin and ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)90116-3
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasitic helminths release molecules into their environment, which are generally referred to as excretory-secretory products or ES. ES derived from a wide range of nematodes, trematodes and cestodes have been studied during the past 30-40 years, their characterization evolving from simple biochemical procedures such ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.03.007
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trichuris arvicolae and T. muris are gastro-intestinal nematodes of respectively arvicoline and murine rodents. We aim to investigate the ecology of these Trichuris species using population genetics. We sampled nematodes from rodents trapped in the East of France. After confirming the species identification of the nem...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.05.007
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomal RNA isolated from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum consists of two species with molecular weight of 1.49 +/- 0.09 X 10(6) and 0.78 +/- 0.02 X 10(6) present in equimolar quantities. Their molecular weights are comparable with those of other protozoa but quite distinct from those of the human host. T...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(81)90061-x
更新日期:1981-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::Two cloned chromosomal segments of the hemoprotozoan Babesa bovis bearing genes from the polymorphic locus designated BabR were inserted into plasmid vector YCp19, cloned in Escherichia coli and then introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both genes were transcribed producing poly(A+) RNAs. In at least one case, th...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(84)90044-6
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult Schistosoma mansoni worms rapidly degrade their endogenous glycogen stores immediately after isolation from the host. In NCTC 109 or in a diphasic culture medium the glycogen levels slowly recovered again after the initial decrease. The rapid degradation of glycogen could be prevented, even in a simple salt medi...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(87)90156-3
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptosporidium spp. are the causative agents of diarrheal disease worldwide, but effective treatments are lacking. Cryptosporidium employs mucin-like glycoproteins with O-glycans to attach to and infect host intestinal epithelial cells. The Tn antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) is an O-glycan essential for these processes, a...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.03.002
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the rapid spread of drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the development of new antimalarials is an urgent need. As malaria parasites live in a highly pro-oxidant environment, their anti-oxidant defences have frequently been suggested as candidate drug targets. A key point in such defences is the prod...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.04.002
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The livers of chickens maintained on a diet containing an effective in vivo level (70 ppm) of arprinocid, an anticoccidial agent, were found to contain 0.64 ppm of this drug and 0.33 ppm of a metabolite, arprinocid-1-N-oxide. When arprinocid was tested against Eimeria tenella in cultures of chick kidney epithelial cel...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(80)90051-1
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum merozoites invade erythrocytes using a range of alternative ligands that includes erythrocyte binding antigenic proteins (EBAs) and reticulocyte binding protein homologues (Rh). Variation in the expression of some of these genes among culture-adapted parasite lines correlates with the use of diff...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.05.014
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The removal of N-linked oligosaccharides by peptide-N4-[N-acetyl-beta-glucoseaminyl]asparagine amidase (previously known as aspartoglycosylamine amidohydrolase and abbreviated N-glycanase) from the surface of blood or insect-transmissible forms of Trypanosoma cruzi markedly increased the capacity of these organisms to...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(87)90040-5
更新日期:1987-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Cryptosporidium includes several species of intestinal protozoan parasites which multiply in intestinal epithelial cells. The impact of this infection on the transcriptome of cultured host cells was investigated using DNA microarray hybridizations. The expression of 14 genes found to be consistently up- or d...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.07.004
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In trypanosomes, trans-splicing is a major essential RNA-processing mechanism that involves the addition of a spliced leader sequence to all mRNAs from a small RNA species, known as the spliced leader RNA (SL RNA). SL RNA maturation is poorly understood and it is not clear where assembly with Sm proteins takes place. ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.07.004
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four Trypanosoma cruzi genomic DNA fragments carrying different TcP2 beta genes have been isolated and sequenced. Three of them had a single TcP2 beta gene, while the 3.8-kb-long DNA segment encoding the TcP2 beta-H1.8 locus showed two TcP2 beta genes arranged in tandem. These genes were physically connected by a 428-...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)00026-3
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmepsins (PM), aspartic proteases of Plasmodium, comprises a family of ten proteins that perform critical functions in Plasmodium life cycle. Except VII and VIII, functions of the remaining plasmepsin members have been well characterized. Here, we have generated a mutant parasite lacking PM VII in Plasmodium berghe...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.05.004
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria parasites possess a de novo heme synthetic pathway. Interestingly, this pathway is dispensable during the blood stages of development in mammalian hosts. The assembly of the two most important hemeproteins, cytochromes c and c1, is mediated by cytochrome heme lyase enzymes. Plasmodium spp. possess two cytochro...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.08.003
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microaerophilic parasite Trichomonas vaginalis is a causative agent of painful vaginitis or urethritis, termed trichomoniasis, and can also cause preterm delivery or stillbirth. Treatment of trichomoniasis is almost exclusively based on the nitroimidazole drugs metronidazole and tinidazole. Metronidazole resistanc...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.03.003
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unequal usage of synonymous codons in the gene transcript for an amino acid is known as codon usage bias (CUB). It is a unique property of gene as well as genome. Mutation and natural selection are known to be the major factors that influence CUB. Other factors encompass gene expression level, GC content, codon positi...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.08.007
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theileria parva is a tick-transmitted intracellular protozoan parasite that causes East Coast fever, a fatal bovine lymphoproliferative disease. The molecular mechanisms that underlie host cell transformation by T. parva schizonts have been studied extensively, and it is known that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.06.005
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capability of synthesizing fatty acids de novo in the meront stage of the oyster protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, was investigated employing stable-isotope-labeled precursors (1,2 13C-acetate and palmitic-d(31) acid). Fatty acid methyl esters derived from 1,2 13C-acetate and palmitic-d(31) acid were analyzed...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(01)00413-3
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, which is of central importance in the degradation of glutathione, was purified from Ascaris suum to apparent homogeneity. The enzyme was found to be a predominantly membrane-bound protein and was solubilized by Triton X-100. The purified enzyme, which exhibits a specific activity of 1009...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02573-x
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway in the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii is essential for parasite growth during infection. To investigate the properties of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (TgDHOD), the fourth enzyme in the T. gondii pyrimidine pathway, we expressed and purified recombinant TgDHOD. TgDHOD exhibite...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.04.009
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00