Abstract：
:GRA3 is a 30-kDa protein located inside the dense granules of Toxoplasma gondii. Following invasion and exocytosis of dense granules within the parasitophorous vacuole, GRA3 becomes associated with the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) and extensions of the PVM which protrude into the cytoplasm. A partial cDNA encoding GRA3 was isolated from a Toxoplasma gondii expression library using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to the mature GRA3 protein of tachyzoites. Antibodies affinity purified using the cloned fusion protein reacted with a 30-kDa band on immunoblots and recognized dense granules, the PVM, and PVM extensions by immunofluorescence staining of infected cells. Northern blot analysis indicated the major transcript was of a slightly larger size, and the complete cDNA encoding GRA3 was subsequently obtained. Southern blot analysis suggests that GRA3 is present as a single copy. The cDNA encodes two methionines at the N-terminus followed by an open reading frame with a hydrophobic region of 22 amino acids flanked by charged residues consistent with a signal sequence. Four shorter hydrophobic regions occur but are insufficient to span the membrane. No significant homology was detected to other proteins, including other dense granule proteins. In vitro translation of RNA generated from the cDNA containing either one or two of the N-terminal methionines yielded peptides with apparent M(r) of 35,000 and 37,000 respectively. Translation of RNA from the cDNA containing only the second initiation site in the presence of dog pancreas microsomes resulted in reduction of 4 kDa, sufficient to account for removal of the putative signal sequence.
journal_name
Mol Biochem Parasitoljournal_title
Molecular and biochemical parasitologyauthors
Bermudes D,Dubremetz JF,Achbarou A,Joiner KAdoi
10.1016/0166-6851(94)90169-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-12-01 00:00:00pages
247-57issue
2eissn
0166-6851issn
1872-9428pii
0166-6851(94)90169-4journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs), KHEYLRFamide (AF2) and KSAYMRFamide (PF3) were structurally characterised from the parasitic nematode of sheep, Haemonchus contortus (MH isolate). Both peptides were sequenced in a single gas-phase sequencing run and their structure confirmed by mass spectrometry which identifie...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00057-2
更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria transmission occurs during a blood-meal of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Visualization and quantification of sporozoites along the journey from the mosquito midgut, where they develop, to the vertebrate liver, their final target organ, is important for understanding many aspects of sporozoite biology. Here w...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.10.015
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six discrete phylogenetic lineages were recently identified in Trypanosoma cruzi, on the basis of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) characterisation. The objective of the present study was to develop specific PCR-based markers for the identification of each of the six lineag...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(00)00302-9
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.09.009
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major proteolytic activity of Trypanosoma cruzi is a cathepsin L-like cysteine protease expressed in all stages of the parasite. As an initial step in identifying possible functions of this enzyme in the life cycle of T. cruzi, and examining its potential as a target for rational drug design, two fluoromethyl keto...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(93)90086-d
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(87)90064-8
更新日期：1987-01-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.10.009
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucose is a major source of energy and carbon in promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana, and its uptake is mediated by three glucose transporters whose genes are encoded within a single cluster. A null mutant in which the glucose transporter gene cluster was deleted by homologous gene replacement was generated previous...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.01.010
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(82)90051-2
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2020.111275
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(02)00165-2
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tegumental membrane of Taenia crassiceps cysticerci contains an ATP-diphosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.5) which hydrolyzes purine and pyrimidine nucleoside 5'-di- and 5'-triphosphates at an optimum pH of 8.5. It is Mg(2+)-dependent and insensitive to classical ATPase and phosphatase inhibitors. In solubilized tegumental...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2008.08.002
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(94)90157-0
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.01.012
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The FAR proteins of nematodes are small ( approximately 20 kDa), helix-rich, fatty acid and retinol-binding (FAR) proteins that appear to be confined to nematodes. We have carried out a comparative sequence and biochemical analysis of selected FAR proteins often species of filarial parasites (from the genera Onchocerc...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(02)00097-x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma brucei Tim17(TbTim17), the single member of the Tim17/23/22 protein family, is an essential component of the translocase of the mitochondrial inner membrane (TIM). In spite of the conserved secondary structure, the primary sequence of TbTim17, particularly the N-terminal hydrophilic region, is significantl...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.09.003
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parasitic helminths release molecules into their environment, which are generally referred to as excretory-secretory products or ES. ES derived from a wide range of nematodes, trematodes and cestodes have been studied during the past 30-40 years, their characterization evolving from simple biochemical procedures such ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.03.007
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Leishmania mexicana two genes were detected coding for different isoforms of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase. This situation contrasts with that observed in other Trypanosomatidae (Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense, Crithidia fasciculata) analyzed previously, which all contain three different...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00152-7
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strongyloides stercoralis and S. ratti are intestinal parasitic nematodes infecting rats and humans, respectively. Both present extraordinary life cycles comprising a free-living generation in addition to parasitic stages. In search of molecules possibly involved in parasite-host interaction, we performed mass spectro...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.07.007
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(85)90029-5
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two proteins were previously described in the excretory-secretory products (ES) collected from Dirofilaria immitis during the molt from the third stage to the fourth stage in vitro. The two proteins were purified using cation exchange and reverse phase HPLC. During the purification of these two proteins, a third prote...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(95)02533-2
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(86)90102-7
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The issue of whether genetic exchange occurs at a significant frequency in natural populations of Trypanosoma brucei is controversial and one of the arguments against a high frequency has been the apparent lack of host infections with mixtures of trypanosome genotypes. Three minisatellite markers (MS42, CRAM, 292) wit...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00101-2
更新日期：1999-08-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00136-x
更新日期：1999-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven beta-naphthylamine-linked peptides were tested as substrates for a previously described thiol proteinase of adult Schistosoma mansoni. The enzyme was not active on carbobenoxy-arginyl-arginyl-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide and carbobenzoxy-alanyl-arginyl-arginyl-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide. Enzyme activity was maximal ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(81)90029-3
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tubulin genes in Trypanosoma rangeli, the only trypanosome besides T. cruzi to infect humans in America, are organized in homogeneous, alternate alpha and beta gene tandem repeats of 3.8 kb. The basic repeat was cloned, mapped and partially sequenced. In contrast to most other eukaryotes, where tubulin genes are scatt...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(89)90054-6
更新日期：1989-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The synchronization of intraerythrocytic maturation of Plasmodium parasites is an important factor in the malaria infection process. Synchronization is mediated by inositol phosphate (InsP(x))-induced Ca(2+)-release from internal stores. To further investigate the InsP(x) metabolism in these parasites a Plasmodium pro...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.10.005
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The steady-state level of the hsp70 mRNAs of Trypanosoma cruzi cultured at different temperatures and growth conditions has been analyzed by Northern blotting. We show that only one size class of hsp70 mRNA, of about 2.2 kb, is transcribed from the hsp70 cluster and that its transcription is constitutive at 28 degrees...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(92)90022-c
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theileria annulata is an important pathogen of cattle in the tropics. The gene sequence of a sporozoite surface antigen (SPAG-1) is reported. Data is also presented demonstrating that SPAG-1 is synthesised as a large precursor. This antigen, which is a candidate for inclusion in a subunit vaccine, shows a remarkable d...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(92)90012-9
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
