Abstract:
:The prevalence (lifetime occurrence) rate of cancers of the reproductive system (uterus, ovary, cervix and vagina) and breast cancer was determined for 5,398 living alumnae, 2,622 of whom were former college athletes and 2,776 non-athletes, from data on medical and reproductive history, athletic training and diet. The former athletes had a significantly lower risk of cancer of the breast and reproductive system than did the non-athletes. The relative risk (RR), non-athletes/athletes, for cancers of the reproductive system was 2.53. 95% confidence limits (CL) (1.17, 5.47). The RR for breast cancer was 1.86, 95% CL (1.00, 3.47). The analysis controlled for potential confounding factors including age, family history of cancer, age of menarche, number of pregnancies, use of oral contraceptives, use of oestrogen in the menopausal period, smoking, and leanness. Of the college athletes, 82.4% had been on pre-college teams compared to 24.9% of the college non-athletes. We conclude that long term athletic training may lower the risk of breast cancer and cancers of the reproductive system.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Frisch RE,Wyshak G,Albright NL,Albright TE,Schiff I,Jones KP,Witschi J,Shiang E,Koff E,Marguglio Mdoi
10.1038/bjc.1985.273subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-12-01 00:00:00pages
885-91issue
6eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The overall tumour incidence and breast cancer incidence related to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were followed in a population-based cohort of 29 508 women, aged 25-65 when interviewed in 1990-92. By the end of the follow up in December 1999, there were 226 611 person-years of observation. A total of 1145 maligna...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.1899
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to cytotoxics precludes the successful treatment of many solid tumours. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in normal tissues with antimetabolites such as hydroxyurea (HU) may be a useful means of improving the selective uptake of toxic thymidine analogues by the relatively resistant tumour cells. HU also inhibits ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.120
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) leads to porphyrin accumulation in malignant and premalignant tissues, and ALA is used as a prodrug in photodynamic therapy (PDT). To understand the mechanism of porphyrin accumulation after the administration of ALA and to investigate whether ALA-induced protoporphyrin I...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1998.559
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has poor survival and treatment options. PDAC cells shift their metabolism towards glycolysis, which fuels the plasma membrane calcium pump (PMCA), thereby preventing Ca2+-dependent cell death. The ATP-generating pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2) is oncogenic and overexpressed...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0675-3
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We screened 145 HIV-infected non-pregnant women at a tertiary care centre in Lusaka, Zambia. Liquid-based cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping with PGMY09/11 biotinylated primers (Roche Linear Array HPV genotyping test) maximised sensitivity of cytology and HPV assessments. Among high-risk (HR) types, HP...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603737
更新日期:2007-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated breast cancer incidence in migrants in the Netherlands in 1988-1998. The standardised incidence ratio for breast cancer in Northwest-Netherlands was statistically significantly reduced for women born in Surinam (0.56), Turkey (0.29) and Morocco (0.22). The proportion of women with advanced stages (III ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601821
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Consumption of wholegrain (WG) products may protect against colon and rectal cancer. METHODS:The associations between total and individual WG product consumption and colon and rectal cancer risk were prospectively examined using data on 461 incident cases of colon cancer and 283 incident cases of rectal can...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605806
更新日期:2010-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::In order to examine in detail the sensitivity to chemotherapy of tumour cells at various organ sites and at various stages of metastasis, we have used a series of cell lines, all selected from sister subpopulations derived from a single mouse mammary tumour, which can be distinguished and quantitated from normal cells...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.280
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the molecular genetic profiles of breast cancer samples before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with combination doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). DNA was obtained from microdissected frozen breast core biopsies from 44 patients before chemotherapy. Additional samples were obtained before the second...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603483
更新日期:2007-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated a characteristically high sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) gene transfer, which induced a more prominent growth suppression and cell death in pancreatic cancer cells than in other types of cancers and normal cells. The IFN-alpha protein can exhibit both ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602713
更新日期:2005-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Somatostatin analogues may be useful novel agents in the systemic treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, as somatostatin inhibits proliferation in a wide variety of cell types. Here, we report the expression profiles of somatostatin receptor mRNAs in 32 pairs of malignant and normal colonic epithelia. Receptor subty...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.59
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The records of 194 patients with thyroid carcinoma treated with (131)I, representing all cases thus treated in Denmark from 1948 to 1972, were reviewed. Two cases of myeloid leukaemia were found compared with 0·097 expected cases of non-lymphocytic leukaemia (0·05 > P > 0·01). In 5 series of (131)I treated thyroid car...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1973.142
更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some cancer cells depend on the function of specific molecules for their growth, survival, and metastatic potential. Targeting of these critical molecules has arguably been the best therapy for cancer as demonstrated by the success of tamoxifen and trastuzumab in breast cancer. This review will evaluate the type I IGF...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602963
更新日期:2006-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Maturation of monocytes into macrophages in vitro has been assayed by a quantitative microtitre assay in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung. Monocyte maturation in autologous serum was significantly depressed in patients with both limited and extensive disease compared with normal controls, patients wit...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1981.71
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between hepatic arterial albumin microsphere distribution and hepatic arterial blood flow and the effects of regional angiotensin II were studied in a rat liver metastases model. Hooded-Lister rats were inoculated subcapsularly with 2 x 10(6) HSN sarcoma cells. At 20 days, hepatic arterial blood flow ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1992.258
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia is a key factor contributing to the progression of human neoplasias and to the development of resistance to chemotherapy. BNIP3 is a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family involved in hypoxia-induced cell death. We evaluated the expression and methylation status of BNIP3 gene to better understand the ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602422
更新日期:2005-03-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We performed a cross-sectional study in Indonesia to evaluate the performance of a single-visit approach of cervical cancer screening, using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), histology and cryotherapy in low-resource settings. METHODS:Women having limited access to health-care facilities were screen...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.334
更新日期:2012-08-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To prospectively examine the association between diabetes and risk of prostate cancer defined by clinical and molecular features. METHODS:A total of 49,392 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) were followed from 1986 to 2014. Data on self-reported diabetes were collected at baseline and ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0910-y
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discoidin domain receptors, (DDR)1 and DDR2, have been linked to numerous human cancers. We sought to determine expression levels of DDRs in human lung cancer, investigate prognostic determinates, and determine the prevalence of recently reported mutations in these receptor tyrosine kinases. Tumour samples from 14...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603614
更新日期:2007-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglutethimide without glucocorticoid has been shown to be a clinically effective treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer in low dosage (250 mg day-1). The mechanism of action of this approach is thought to be the inhibition of peripheral aromatase, the enzyme which converts androstenedione to oestrone. The acti...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1985.144
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of X-radiation on the Nembutal-induced redistribution of the cardiac output in two types of transplanted mouse tumours and some normal mouse tissues have been investigated, using rubidium-86 and 125I-human serum albumin. Irradiation causes an increase in 86Rb uptake (relative blood perfusion) by the tumour...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1976.186
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is highly resistant to chemotherapy because of a high apoptotic threshold. Recent evidences suggest that GSK-3beta positively regulates human pancreatic cancer and leukaemia cell survival in part through regulation of nuclear factor (NF-kappaB)-mediated expression of anti-apoptotic...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605437
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Up to 60% of gastro-oesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas show nuclear beta-catenin expression, pointing to activated T-cell factor (TCF)/beta-catenin-driven gene transcription. We demonstrate in five human GEJ adenocarcinoma cell lines that nuclear beta-catenin expression indeed correlates with enhanced TCF-medi...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601589
更新日期:2004-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating anti-p53 antibodies have been described and used as tumoural markers in patients with various cancers and strongly correlate with the p53 mutated status of the tumours. No study has yet looked at the prevalence of such antibodies in skin carcinoma patients although these tumours have been shown to be frequ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2185
更新日期:2001-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp), Amgen) is a novel erythropoiesis-stimulating protein with a serum half-life longer than recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo), used in the treatment of cancer-associated anaemia. Anaemia is known to adversely affect prognosis and response to treatment in cancer patients. Solid tumours cont...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602685
更新日期:2005-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was produced and released by human colorectal carcinomata and also the normal attached mucosa when maintained in both monolayer and organ culture. Immunoperoxidase cytochemical methods were employed for the cellular localization of CEA which was demonstrable only on the neoplastic ce...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1975.97
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A late-gestation neonatal antigen (gamma foetal antigen; gamma-FA) immunologically and biochemically unrelated to murine alpha-foetoprotein, was identified in several spontaneous and carcinogen-induced sarcomas and hepatic carcinomas of the mouse and rat. An approximate mol. wt of 35,000 for gamma-FA from both foetus ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1979.173
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have shown that dietary lipid exerts an effect on carcinogenesis. We report here that progression to malignancy in vitro is associated with changes in the response to fatty acids (FAs). Tumorigenic (THKE) cells were more sensitive to the n-3 FAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1995.136
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have emerged as vehicles for gene therapy. In addition, anti-neoplastic properties have been attributed to wild-type AAV. To take advantage of both features and to overcome technical problems associated with rAAV preparation, we developed a production method in which r...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2082
更新日期:2001-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Age distributions of parents at birth of patients registered in the National Wilms' Tumour Study were compared to those of the general population. An increasing incidence of sporadic Wilms' tumour with increasing paternal age was found, with a relative risk of 2.1 of tumour in children of fathers over 55 compared to c...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.148
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00