Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Warfarin reduces stroke risk in studies of predominantly white patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether nonwhites also have lower rates of stroke while treated with warfarin is unclear. METHODS:A multiethnic stroke-free cohort hospitalized with nonrheumatic AF was identified in a large health maintenance organization. Stroke risk factors (advanced age, diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure), warfarin use, and anticoagulation intensity were assessed. Crude ischemic stroke rates were calculated by Poisson regression for each group while using and not using warfarin. Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to assess the independent effect of race/ethnicity on ischemic stroke. RESULTS:Between 1995 and 2000, we identified 18867 AF hospitalizations (78.5% white, 8% black, 9.5% Hispanic, and 3.9% Asian). Over the course of 63204 person-years follow-up (median, 3.3 years), 1226 ischemic strokes were identified. The percent-time on warfarin did not differ by race/ethnicity. The median percent-time on warfarin that international normalized ratio was 2 to 3 was 54.5% overall, but it was lower in blacks at 47.8%, whereas the other groups had a rate of approximately 54%. The rate ratios (95% CI) of ischemic stroke with warfarin compared to without warfarin for whites, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians were 0.79 (0.68 to 0.90), 0.92 (0.65 to 1.30), 0.71 (0.48 to 1.05), and 0.65 (0.34 to 1.23), respectively. CONCLUSIONS:In this cohort, we did not observe a statistically significant lower rate of stroke with warfarin therapy among nonwhites (in particular blacks) with previous AF hospitalizations. The relatively small numbers of nonwhites renders our estimates less than precise and should be interpreted with caution.
journal_name
Strokejournal_title
Strokeauthors
Shen AY,Yao JF,Brar SS,Jorgensen MB,Wang X,Chen Wdoi
10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.508580subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-10-01 00:00:00pages
2736-43issue
10eissn
0039-2499issn
1524-4628pii
STROKEAHA.107.508580journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
STROKE文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Little is known about the pattern of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) for diabetic and nondiabetic patients or about the cost of treatment for CVD in the United Kingdom. The purpose of this study was to extend previous work to describe the epidemiology and cost of acute care of CVD as a frequent com...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.28.6.1142
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ability to quickly and efficiently identify the ischemic penumbra in the acute stroke clinical setting is an important goal for stroke researchers and clinicians. Early and accurate identification of potentially salvageable versus irreversibly infarcted brain tissue may enable selection of the most appro...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000097608.38779.CC
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Arterial baroreflex is one of the most important mechanisms in the regulation of cardiovascular activities. Arterial baroreflex function can be expressed as baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). The present study was designed to test 2 hypotheses: (1) BRS is a new independent predictor for the incidence ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.480061
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the most predominant RNA species in eukaryotes. The piRNA are a class of noncoding RNAs that bind and degrade the RNA formed by the transposons to control the transposon-induced gene mutations. The role of piRNA after focal ischemia is not yet evaluated. METHO...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.598391
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Several studies have reported poor outcomes in patients too good to treat with intravenous thrombolysis because of mild or rapidly improving symptoms. We sought to determine baseline clinical and imaging predictors of poor outcome in these patients. METHODS:Among 3950 consecutive stroke admissio...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.014871
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Recovery of upper-limb motor impairment after first-ever ischemic stroke is proportional to the degree of initial impairment in patients with a functional corticospinal tract (CST). This study aimed to investigate whether proportional recovery occurs in a more clinically relevant sample including...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.016020
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to develop an animal model that could be used to test the ability of Doppler ultrasound to detect arterial emboli composed of materials that are often involved in cerebral emboli. Emboli introduced into the rabbit aorta via the left renal artery consisted of clotted whole blood, platelets...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.22.2.253
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:It is still unclear that impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to acetazolamide is comparable to elevated oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) on positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with occlusive carotid diseases. Therefore, in this study, the authors aimed to clarify whether OEF is e...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000198878.66000.4e
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The goal of this study was to characterize cortical reorganization after stroke and its relation with the site of the stroke-induced lesion and degree of motor recovery using functional MRI (fMRI). METHODS:Fourteen stroke patients with an affected upper limb were studied longitudinally. Three fM...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.0000017100.68294.52
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose- Although intracellular zinc accumulation has been shown to contribute to neuronal death after cerebral ischemia, the mechanism by which zinc keeps on accumulating to cause severe brain damage remains unclear. Herein the dynamic cause-effect relationships between zinc accumulation and reactive o...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.021179
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Stroke leads to a reduction in bone mineral density, altered calcium homeostasis, and an increase in hip fractures. Vitamin D deficiency is well documented in long-term stroke survivors and is associated with post-stroke hip fractures. Less is known regarding levels in acute stroke. METHODS:We c...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000195184.24297.c1
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A variety of primary end points have been used in acute stroke trials. We focus on the modified Rankin Scale, a reliable and valid ordinal outcome measure that assesses disability on a 7-point scale. METHODS:We provide an abbreviated discussion of analytical methods for ordinal scales, and relat...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000241106.81293.2b
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The management of carotid atherosclerosis is well-established for symptomatic stenosis above 69%, but the optimal approach for managing lower degrees of narrowing remains uncertain. Because the risk of stroke increases with higher grades of stenosis, we are inclined to consider low-grade disease ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000185726.83152.00
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose- Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) door-to-puncture time (DTPT) is a modifiable metric. One of the most important, yet time-consuming steps, is documentation of large vessel occlusion by computed tomography angiography (CTA). We hypothesized that obtaining CTA on board a Mobile Stroke Unit and dire...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028626
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Loss of movement coordination is the main postacute symptom after cerebellar infarction. Although the course of motor recovery has been described previously, detailed kinematic descriptions of acute stage ataxia are rare and no attempt has been made to link improvements in motor function to measu...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.583641
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of fibrinolysis, and high levels may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The 4G/5G polymorphism affects PAI-1 gene transcription with lower levels of plasma PAI-1 in the presence of the 5G allele. We investigated whethe...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000098004.26252.EB
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Studies using animal models of stroke have shown that human serum albumin (HSA) significantly ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury after both transient and permanent ischemia, even when administered after the onset of ischemia or reperfusion. The mechanism of this effect remains uncertain, and pr...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000110790.05859.DA
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease without a proven therapy to improve long-term outcome. Considerable controversy about the role of surgery remains. Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for ICH offers the potential of improved neurological outcome. METHODS:We tested the hy...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013837
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:If it could be determined whether cerebral blood flow can be maintained (autoregulated) during transient falls in arterial blood pressure, we might be able to identify patients with carotid stenosis who are at risk of stroke. However, conventional methods of determining autoregulation in such pat...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.28.7.1340
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Although the cause of stroke among patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) may be due to paradoxical cerebral embolism (PCE), this mechanism is often difficult to prove. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between brain imaging findings suggestive of embolism and PFO among ische...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.29.5.944
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The reliability of the EuroQol and SF-36 questionnaires after stroke is not known. We therefore aimed to assess and compare the test-retest reliability of both instruments in a group of stroke patients. METHODS:A total of 2253 patients with stroke entered by United Kingdom hospitals in the Inter...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.str.29.1.63
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:High-intensity transient signals (HITS) detected by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography correspond to microemboli in intracranial arteries. The purpose of this study was to develop new diagnostic criteria for the differentiation of these microembolic signals from artifact, based on a high-resolu...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.29.3.668
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of prostaglandin E1 on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied with the intra-arterial 133Xe method in ten awake patients under local anesthesia. Measurements were taken from 16 areas of a hemisphere in seven patients, from 35 areas of a hemisphere in two patients and from 256 areas of a hemisphere ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.7.6.566
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperventilation to extremely low arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) has been used in the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants. With progressive hypocarbia, cerebral vasoconstriction occurs, raising the concern that extreme hypocarbia may result in cerebral oxygen deprivation. Theref...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.19.11.1365
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In ischemic stroke, diffusion-weighted (DW) and perfusion-weighted (PW) magnet resonance imaging (MRI) is used to define the mismatch as the therapeutic target. With positron emission tomography (PET), we characterized the metabolic patterns of tissue compartments identified by MRI and compared t...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000160751.79241.a3
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:To evaluate the impact of proximal flow control on efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy in an in vitro middle cerebral artery occlusion. METHODS:Three independent variables, including clot type, device (Merci Retriever, Solitaire FR, and Trevo devices), and use of a balloon guide cathe...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.670463
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:20% of ischemic stroke is in the posterior circulation, but there is little prospective data on early recurrent stroke risk and whether vertebrobasilar stenosis predicts a high recurrence risk. This natural history data are important as it is technically possible to stent such lesions. Contrast e...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.553859
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:To define desirable target low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels for the prevention of stroke recurrence, a post hoc analysis was performed in the J-STARS study (Japan Statin Treatment Against Recurrent Stroke). METHODS:Subjects (n=1578) were divided into groups based on mean value of...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018870
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The present study determines associations between early blood pressure (BP) variability and stroke outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis. METHODS:In 527 stroke patients receiving intravenous alteplase (0.6 mg/kg), BP was measured 8 times within the first 25 hours. BP variability was determined...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.681007
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Dichloroacetate facilitates a decrease in brain lactate during reperfusion after incomplete ischemia. This study examined the possible activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme by dichloroacetate to explain this effect. Because the duration of ischemia and hyperglycemia exacerbate ischemic brai...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.23.8.1145
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00