Abstract:
:Poor control of attention-related and motor processes, often associated with behavioural or cognitive impulsivity, are typical features of children and adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Until recently clinicians have observed little need to improve on or add to the catecholaminergic model for explaining the features of ADHD. Recent genetic and neuroimaging studies however provide evidence for separate contributions of altered dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) function in this disorder. Genetic studies imply that for both DA and 5-HT systems variants may frequently occur in ADHD for neurotransmitter uptake, synthesis and breakdown functions. The separate distributions in the brain of mesolimbic DA transporter and mesocortical DA D4 binding sites, both strongly implicated in ADHD, draws attention to potentially differential contributions from the 5-HT system. However, the evidence here points less towards an anatomical differentiation, as towards one in terms of inhibitory/facilitatory pre/post-synaptic location of receptors in the 5-HT(1) and 5-HT(2) families. While the monoamine metabolite levels excreted in ADHD are often correlated, this may well flow from a starting point where 5-HT activity is anomalously higher or lower than the generally lower than normal levels for DA. It appears that perhaps both situations may arise reflecting different diagnostic subgroups of ADHD, and where impulsive characteristics of the subjects reflect externalizing behaviour or cognitive impulsivity. For these features there is clear evidence that DA and 5-HT neuronal systems can and do interact anomalously in ADHD at the level of the soma, the terminals and at a distance. Interactions mediated by macroglia are also likely. However, it remains difficult to ascribe specific mechanisms to their effects (in potentially different subgroups of patients) from this relatively new field of study that has as yet produced rather heterogeneous results.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Oades RDdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00926-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
543-65eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(08)00926-6journal_volume
172pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) evaluated by detecting temporal co-variation of BOLD signals across multiple brain regions undergoes three major changes following sleep deprivation that indicate the occurrence of sleep intrusions; a loss of integration within networks like the default mode network as well...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.02.009
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC) have the ability to integrate information from different senses to profoundly increase their sensitivity to external events. This not only enhances an organism's ability to detect and localize these events, but to program appropriate motor responses to them. The surviva...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53752-2.00007-2
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of adult-onset dementia, is characterized by a variety of brain abnormalities, including degeneration of certain populations of nerve cells, alterations in the neuronal cytoskeleton, and the abnormal deposition of amyloid within brain parenchyma. Pathogenetic processes th...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63186-6
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoreactive oxytocin (OXT) detected in extracts of human coeliac ganglia and nn. vagi was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC/RIA examinations demonstrated that a major part of the immunoreactive material in both investigated areas co-eluted with a reference synthetic OXT, but in th...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62321-3
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The noradrenergic (NA) afferent projection to the cerebellar cortex, which originates mainly from the locus coeruleus (LC), may act on the target neurons by utilizing both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. Experiments performed in decerebrate cats have shown that unilateral injection into the vermal cortex of the cerebel...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63828-5
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for tinnitus. Research thus far provides some support for that treatment, but the literature also raises concerns because tinnitus is a side effect of antidepressant medication. In this chapter, four published double blind placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants for tinnitu...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66024-5
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complex migrations of neurons born in the dorsal neural tube of the isthmic and rhombomere l (rl) domains complicate the delineation of the cerebellar primordium. We show that Purkinje cells (P) are likely generated over a wide territory before gathering in the future cerebellar primordium under the developing ext...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(04)48003-0
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human and nonhuman primates predictively use smooth pursuit and saccades to track visual targets that move in a fronto-parallel plane. This behaviour is believed to be facilitated by short-term memory of the target motion and/or an efference copy of the subject's motor effort. Subjects in our experiments tracked dicho...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00666-3
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glaucoma is a visual disorder characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which is often associated with high intraocular pressure. However, mechanisms of RGC death in glaucoma still remain a mystery. Two theories have been proposed as pathogeneses of glaucoma: mechanical and vascular. We demon...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)01134-5
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puerperal psychosis, an episode of mania or psychosis precipitated by childbirth follows approximately one in 1000 deliveries. The evidence of clinical, outcome and genetic studies supports the hypothesis that the majority of puerperal psychotic episodes are manifestations of an affective disorder diathesis with a pue...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(01)33024-8
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter reviews four key issues that must be addressed to advance our knowledge of control of head movement by the central nervous system (CNS). (1) Researchers must consider how the CNS utilizes the multiple muscle patterns that can produce the same head movement in carrying out tasks in an optimal way. (2) More...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43035-5
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sub-lethal exposure to practically any harmful stimulus has been shown to induce consequent protection against more severe stress. This preconditioning (PC) effect may be achieved by exposure to different stressors, indicating that the induction of tolerance involves activation of common protective pathways. Chronic e...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61025-X
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a controversy on the moral import of music and art in general. On the one hand, the moralist view contends that there is some sort of link between art and morality, even if the way to specify this link may be highly diverse. It comprises most of the classical views of art, from Schiller's view of the ro...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.015
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of refractory PD with autologous adrenal medullary implants utilizing two-stage surgery warrants further investigation. This transplantation technique is associated with prolonged transplant area BBB disruption which may require a change in medical treatment strategies including the withdrawal of peripheral ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62658-8
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of single physiologically-identified lateral and medial vestibulospinal tract (LVST and MVST) axons was analysed, using intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and three-dimensional reconstruction of axonal trajectories in the cat. Axons were penetrated in the cervical cord at C1-C8 wit...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62207-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) participate in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes in the nervous system. nNOS was originally felt to be a constitutively expressed enzyme, but recent observations suggest that its levels are dynamically controlled in response to neuronal development, plasticity and ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63196-9
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely believed that mammalian CNS axons have little regenerative capacity because their environment is non-permissive to regrowth. This viewpoint is based, in large part, on the fact that in virtually all previous studies on regeneration following spinal cord injury, regenerated axonal projections have been few...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(03)43015-X
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent years have brought a rapid growth in knowledge of the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is now clear that the clinical phase of PD is preceded by a phase of progressing neurodegeneration lasting many years. This involves not only central nervous system structures outside the substantia nigra and n...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.003
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The idea of the dentate gyrus as a gate or filter at the entrance to the hippocampus, blocking or filtering incoming excitation from the entorhinal cortex, has been an intriguing one. Here we review the historical development of the idea, and discuss whether it may be possible to be more specific in defining this gate...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63032-5
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive neuroscience is currently finding itself as a marketing trend in occupational science, particularly in terms of workplace assessment and measurement. However, the field has historically had little to do with occupational applications and has generally remained focused on the clinical and academic relevance o...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.032
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most people are experts in face recognition. We propose that the special status of this particular body part in telling individuals apart is the result of a developmental process that heavily biases human infants and children to attend towards the eyes of others. We review the evidence supporting this proposal, includ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)64018-7
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primates are endowed with a brain about twice the size that of a mammal with the same body size, and humans have the largest brain relative to body size of all animals. This increase in brain size may be related to the acquisition of higher cognitive skills that permitted more complex social interactions, the evolutio...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53860-4.00001-5
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerted efforts are realizing cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this chapter, I describe efforts at the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University. These efforts use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as donor cells. The iPSCs were established as human leukocyte antig...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.004
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High affinity binding sites for vasopressin (VP) are widely distributed within the rat brain and spinal cord. Since their presence is associated with neuronal sensitivity to VP application, their anatomical distribution maps structures which could be activated by endogenous VP. Interestingly, marked species-related di...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61561-7
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results reported here confirm and extend those of early retrograde transport studies of the brainstem in the rat and cat. This study demonstrates substantial and multiple afferent projections to the cat locus coeruleus arising from neurons containing acetylcholine, serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, his...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63798-x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is the leading cause of blindness in East Asia. The disease can be classified into primary angle-closure suspect, primary angle closure (PAC), and PACG. Pupil-block, anterior nonpupil-block (plateau iris and peripheral iris crowding), lens related and retrolenticular m...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)01104-7
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecological dynamics approach offers new insights to understand how athlete nervous systems are embedded within the body-environment system in sport. Cognitive neuroscience focuses on the neural bases of athlete behaviors in terms of perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions defined within specific brain structure...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.06.001
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether there were differences in decision-making skills between different age groups (Under 16, 18 and 23) of elite academy footballers on a video-based task of real-life football scenarios. It also explored the relationship between individual performance on the task and ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.06.015
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early intervention and environmental optimization have been central to management of Down syndrome (DS) and much of current treatment is still focused in strategies that involve early education plans. This approach has provided significant improvements for Down syndrome but it is not providing a full success. The disc...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.11.001
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::What are the building blocks of our visual representations? Whatever we look at, the things we see will have some feature variability: even snow is not purely white but has a range of shades of white. However, in most studies investigating visual perception, homogeneous displays with all stimuli having a very limited ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.07.001
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00