Abstract：
:The vasculature of the mammalian renal medulla is complex, having neither discrete input nor output. There is also efficient countercurrent exchange between ascending and descending vasa recta in the vascular bundles. These considerations have hampered measurement of medullary blood flow since they impose pronounced constraints on methods used to assess flow. Three main strategies have been used: (i) indicator extraction; (ii) erythrocyte velocity tracking; and (iii) indicator dilution. These are discussed with respect to their assumptions, requirements, and limitations. There is a consensus that medullary blood flow is autoregulated, albeit over a narrower pressure range than is total renal blood flow. When normalized to gram tissue weight, medullary blood flow in the dog is similar to that in the rat, on the order of 1 to 1.5 mL X min-1 X g-1. This is considerably greater than estimated by the radioiodinated albumin uptake method which has severe conceptual and practical problems. From both theoretical and experimental evidence it seems that urinary concentrating ability is considerably less sensitive to changes in medullary blood flow than is often assumed.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Cupples WAdoi
10.1139/y86-151subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-07-01 00:00:00pages
873-80issue
7eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The role of iron-loaded transferrin in xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X-XO) induced cardiac injury in isolated perfused rat hearts was examined. X (2 mM) - XO (10 U/L) perfusion resulted in contractile failure, a rise in resting tension, an increase in lipid peroxidation, and myocardial cell damage. The addition of transf...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y90-068
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical and lifestyle data were collected from 62 postmenopausal women who had declined hormone replacement therapy. Potential predictor variables were examined for their associations with bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck as assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Body weight demonstrate...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role that thromboxane A2 plays in contractions induced by leukotriene D4 in guinea-pig isolated lung parenchyma was investigated under equilibrium conditions. Lung tissue generated thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin spontaneously as evidenced by the slow accumulation of their biologically inactive metabolites, thromb...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-230
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal penile erectile function is dependent on arterial adequacy, appropriate venous occlusion, neurohumoral factors, and finally the relaxation of penile cavernous trabecular smooth muscle. The present experiments were designed to test whether compounds related to endothelium-derived relaxing factor have a role in p...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-014
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes increases the risk and severity of cognitive impairment, especially after ischemic stroke. It is also known that the activation of the endothelin (ET) system is associated with cognitive impairment and microglia around the periinfarct area produce ET-1. However, little is known about the effect of ET-1 on mic...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2019-0679
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many species systemic toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is manifested by a generalized wasting syndrome accompanied by a variety of specific organ changes including atrophy of the thymus and spleen. TCDD toxicity in most tissues is thought to be mediated by the Ah receptor. Although the spleen ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-095
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activators of the slow delayed rectifier K⁺ current (IKs) have been suggested as promising tools for suppressing ventricular arrhythmias due to prolongation of repolarization. Recently, L-364,373 (R-L3) was nominated to activate IKs in myocytes from several species; however, in some studies, it failed to activate IKs....
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2012-0407
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the glycogen depletion technique, we have examined utilization of specific fibre types during prolonged submaximal exercise to investigate the recruitment pattern employed by the central nervous system to sustain force generation in the face of a progressive glycogen depletion. Six male subjects (Vo2 max, 52.8 +...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y90-208
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cause of embryonic thyroidal enlargement in the progeny of chickens fed goitrogenic rapeseed meal (RSM) has been investigated. It has been found that eggs from birds fed RSM are low in iodine. The low concentration of iodine in the eggs of the goitrous birds is apparently due to diversion of a large proportion of ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y76-038
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curare action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors has a number of facets, of which the best known is competitive antagonism. Here we describe the weak agonist action of 10(-5) M curare on the murine skeletal muscle cell line, G8. Although curare induces no depolarization in G8 cells, single-channel recordings reveal ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-025
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In both isolated canine ventricular trabecular muscle and Purkinje strand preparations, dl-sotalol and its two optical isomers d- and l-sotalol produced a concentration-dependent increase in action potential duration while other transmembrane electrical characteristics were not significantly affected. The magnitude of...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y85-248
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the febrile response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (1.5 micrograms/kg, i.v.) in thyroid-deficient rabbits has been studied. Twenty-eight New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.1-2.3 kg were used. Hypothyroidism was induced by treatment with propylthiouracil (100 or 200 mg/kg body wt./15 days). Thyroid...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-209
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the glucose response to insulin infused after hepatic denervation. Hepatic denervations were performed on 13 anesthetized cats at different levels: (i) surgical hepatic anterior plexus denervation, (ii) chemical total hepatic denervation by painting phenol on the tissues around the portal vein,...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y93-024
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geniposide (GP) is one of main compounds in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, with both medicinal and nutritional value. This study was designed to determine, for the first time, how GP from G. jasminoides protects against acute alcohol-induced liver injury, and the underlying mechanisms. Mice were orally administered alcoh...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2014-0536
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the role of receptor tyrosine kinases in Ang II-stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and assessed whether MAP kinase signaling by Ang II is mediated via redox-sensitive pathways. Production of ROS and activation of NADPH oxidase were determined by DCFDA (dichlorodihydrofluorescein dia...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y02-164
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium-activated chloride channels (ClCa) are ligand-gated anion channels as they have been shown to be activated by a rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in various cell types including cardiac, skeletal and vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial and epithelial cells, as well as neurons. Because ClCa channel...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y05-040
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review updates our current knowledge on the regulation of Na+/H+ exchanger, Na+,K+,Cl- cotransporter, Na+,Pi cotransporter, and Na+,K+ pump in isolated epithelial cells from mammalian kidney by protein kinase C (PKC). In cells derived from different tubule segments, an activator of PKC, 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most life-threatening cancers. The present study was designed to chronologically analyze the HCC chemically induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in male Wistar rats during a 27-week period. DEN was given to rats in drinking water (100 mg/L) to induce HCC. In the present stud...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2017-0413
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The beneficial hypolipidemic and antioxidant influences of the dietary spice compounds curcumin and capsaicin were evaluated. Curcumin, capsaicin, or their combination were included in the diet of high-(30%)-fat-fed rats for 8 weeks. Dietary high-fat-induced hypertriglyceridemia was countered by dietary curcumin, caps...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y07-044
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that the D-enantiomer of isoidide dinitrate (IIDN) is 10-fold more potent than the L-enantiomer for relaxation and cyclic GMP accumulation in isolated rat aorta. To test whether preferential biotransformation of D-IIDN to a species that activates guanylate cyclase is the basis for th...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-225
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our purpose was to determine the effect of eight different combinations of contraction intensity, duration, and rest on the rate of fatigue in vastus lateralis muscle. A single combination consisted of contractions at 30 or 70% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), held for 3 or 7 s with 3- or 7-s rest intervals. Contr...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y91-211
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our objective was to determine if the ability of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to attenuate neointima formation in balloon-damaged vessel is expressed in an isolated organ culture model of neointimal growth. In vivo balloon angioplasty in combination with in vitro organ culture was used to produce a...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation of mast cells (MC) due to immunological stimulation causes an immediate and dramatic inflammatory response. We review current evidence indicating that the membrane permeabilities for calcium, chloride, sodium, and potassium have a significant role in the activation of these cells, and in some cases, spe...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y92-001
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertrophic scar (HS) results from abnormal wound healing, accompanied by excessive hypercellularity, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Autophagy dysregulation plays crucial roles during HS formation. The overexpressed p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in injured skin tissue after wound healing be...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2020-0219
更新日期：2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Heme plays a critical role in blood pressure regulation because it is required by a number of enzymes that synthesize vascular modulators, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and prostacyclin. The goal of thi...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y08-064
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heat production (HP), heart rate (HR), respiration rate, rumen motility, and body temperature responses to 2.5-h adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) intrajugular infusions at 0.00, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 were studied in 10 shorn wethers which had been chronically (3-8 weeks) exposed to ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y81-150
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive rats, the time course of changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate, activity of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system, plasma and blood volumes, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) weight, and LV dimensions were evaluated during treatment with hy...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y86-257
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spironolactone is a diuretic steroid which is capable of blocking the binding of aldosterone to its cytosol receptor at the distal convoluted tubule. In addition, it has been shown that spironolactone is a strong inhibitor of steroidogenesis. More recently, new aldosterone antagonists have been discovered. Some of the...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin exerts numerous contractile and secretory effects by activating specific receptors. Recent pharmacological findings obtained with this peptide in various laboratories are analyzed, using the order of potency of agonists and the affinity of competitive antagonists as criteria for the classification of recep...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y79-020
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The historical perspective as well as the nature and causes of acid precipitation are presented. The toxicological effects of acid precipitation on lakes, other water bodies, fish, and invertebrate fauna are reviewed. In addition, the effects of this phenomenon on soil productivity and forest growth are examined. It a...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y84-167
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
