Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The potential effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding neuroanatomical changes in psychosis. This review addresses two issues: (1) do antipsychotic medications induce changes in total or regional human brain volumes and (2) do such effects depend on antipsychotic type? METHOD:A systematic review of studies reporting structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures: (1) directly in association with antipsychotic use; and (2) in patients receiving lifetime treatment with antipsychotics in comparison with drug-naive patients or healthy controls. We searched Medline and EMBASE databases using the medical subject heading terms: 'antipsychotics' AND 'brain' AND (MRI NOT functional). The search included studies published up to 31 January 2007. Wherever possible, we reported the effect size of the difference observed. RESULTS:Thirty-three studies met our inclusion criteria. The results suggest that antipsychotics act regionally rather than globally on the brain. These volumetric changes are of a greater magnitude in association with typical than with atypical antipsychotic use. Indeed, there is evidence of a specific effect of antipsychotic type on the basal ganglia, with typicals specifically increasing the volume of these structures. Differential effects of antipsychotic type may also be present on the thalamus and the cortex, but data on these and other brain areas are more equivocal. CONCLUSIONS:Antipsychotic treatment potentially contributes to the brain structural changes observed in psychosis. Future research should take into account these potential effects, and use adequate sample sizes, to allow improved interpretation of neuroimaging findings in these disorders.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Navari S,Dazzan Pdoi
10.1017/S0033291709005315subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-01 00:00:00pages
1763-77issue
11eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978pii
S0033291709005315journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic influences contribute significantly to co-morbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorders. Estimating the extent of overlap can assist in the development of phenotypes for genomic analyses. METHOD:Multivariate quantitative genetic analyses were conducted using data from 9577 individua...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001518
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive models propose that auditory verbal hallucinations arise through defective self-monitoring and external attribution of inner speech. We used a paradigm that engages verbal self-monitoring to examine how deficits in this process are related to symptoms and diagnosis in patients with psychosis. METH...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291705006628
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few epidemiological studies have examined the temporal relationship between chronic pain and depression using longitudinal data. In the present study, we examined major depression as both an antecedent risk factor and consequence of chronic back pain (CBP) in the general population. METHOD:Data on 9909 pain...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291705004952
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia patients have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) than normals. We examined the relationship between IGT and clinical phenotypes or cognitive deficits in first-episode, drug-naïve (FEDN) Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia. METHOD:A total o...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716001902
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interest in the mental health of women deployed to modern military campaigns is increasing, although research examining gender differences is limited. Little is known about experiences women have had on these deployments, or whether men and women respond differently to combat exposure. METHOD:The current st...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171100290X
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional and phenotypic immunological parameters were examined immediately before, after, and 30 minutes after experimentally-induced short-term positive (happiness) and negative (anxiety, depression) affective states and a neutral state, in five healthy subjects. Results indicated that all affective states induced ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329170003289x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sertraline has a proved efficacy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is unknown which symptoms respond or in what sequence this occurs. Such information might be useful clinically and heuristically. METHOD:The study examined the effects of sertraline on the individual symptoms of PTSD. It also ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291702005469
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between recurrent major depression (MD) in women and suicidality is complex. We investigated the extent to which patients who suffered with various forms of suicidal symptomatology can be distinguished from those subjects without such symptoms. METHOD:We examined the clinical features of th...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171200058X
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of childhood anxiety disorders (CADs) is likely to depend on pathways that can be programmed by early-life risk factors. We test the hypothesis that early-life maternal factors can predict this programming effect on CAD. METHODS:Data were obtained from 198 women and children from the Mercy P...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720002147
更新日期:2020-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The reasons for high use of primary care, and in particular the role of psychosocial factors, remain unclear. METHODS:We identified and interviewed 236 frequent attenders and 420 normal users, matched by age and sex, of a public Health Centre in Granada, Spain. Users were questioned about mental health (GHQ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799008995
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies exploring gene-environment interplay in affective disorders now include very large numbers of participants. Methods for evaluating the role of adversity in such studies need to be developed that do not rely on lengthy and labour-intensive interviews. In the present study, a brief questionnaire method...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170999225X
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is uncertainty about the incidence of breakthrough psychosis in treatment adherent patients, and the role that factors, such as cumulative antipsychotic exposure, play in this phenomenon. METHODS:In a nationwide cohort of individuals treated for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in Finland between 1 Ja...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719001296
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffuse loss of cortical volume and ventricular enlargement have been demonstrated in schizophrenia using imaging. In addition, histological studies have provided evidence that the number of neurons in the medial temporal lobe structures is reduced and that the cytoarchitecture is abnormal. In an attempt to correlate ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700033171
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined sensitivity to noise in subjects with Type A and Type B behaviour patterns as a function of the type of task being performed. Twenty Type A and 20 Type B subjects, selected by means of Bortner's scale (French version), were exposed to steadily increasing noise levels (68-110 dBA) while perfo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700015245
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous imaging studies have revealed that acute major depression is characterized by altered neural responses to negative emotional stimuli. Typically, responses in limbic regions such as the amygdala are increased while activity in cortical regulatory regions such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709990596
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Executive impairments have been reported in affective illness, but the influence of attention on executive performance has not been fully considered. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether executive impairments in affective illness were independent of attention impairments, and whether independ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707000712
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research on the structure of co-morbidity among common mental disorders has largely focused on current prevalence rather than on the development of co-morbidity. This report presents preliminary results of the latter type of analysis based on the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Suppleme...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712000025
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A structured assessment instrument, the Quality of Life Interview, was used to explain the quality of life of seventy patients with chronic psychiatric illness attending a day treatment programme. The interview was found to have acceptable psychometric properties. Factors that best predicted the quality of life of the...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700017220
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychiatric epidemiology has advanced considerably since early studies of hospital populations. The direction of this advance has been away from the study of populations of hospital psychiatric patients towards the study of psychiatric disorder in general practice and the community as a whole. Just as the populations ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291700039635
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationships among symptoms, cognitive functioning and social functioning were investigated in 60 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia. Positive symptoms were unrelated to cognitive measures. Disorganization and depressive symptoms were correlated significantly with Card Sorting performance. Furthermore, only...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700025514
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with high and low susceptibility to hypnosis were compared in a baseline condition and after instructions of hypnosis on tests of anterior left and right hemispheric functions--word fluency to letter categories, word fluency to semantic categories, design fluency and bilateral finger tapping dexterity. Wit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291700038885
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder during pregnancy associates with potentially detrimental consequences for mother and child. The current study examined peripheral blood gene expression as a potential biomarker for prenatal depressive symptoms. METHOD:Maternal RNA from whole blood, plasma and the Beck Depression In...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711002121
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical symptoms are commonly presented for treatment in the absence of physical pathology. This study tests predictions arising from the theory that childhood sexual abuse leads to emotional distress, illness orientation and social dysfunction as adults and that one or more of these effects, in turn, leads...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291798007892
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the demonstrable influence of both genes and the family environment on children's behavioural and emotional development, the mechanisms by which these factors are transmitted from parents to their children are not known. Numerous aspects of the family have long been associated with behavioural and em...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703008948
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, any genetic etiology of such comorbidity and causal relations is poorly understood, especially at the genome-wide level. METHODS:In the present in silico research, we analyzed summary data from the genome-wide associati...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000063X
更新日期:2020-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research on the subject of insight has been hampered by difficulties in definition and reliable measurement. METHODS:We compared several rating scales to measure insight on a group of 33 psychotic patients as well as assessing patients' psychopathology, clinical characteristics and cognitive functioning. R...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797006296
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence and impact of motor coordination difficulties in children with copy number variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND-CNVs) remains unknown. This study aims to advance understanding of motor coordination difficulties in children with ND-CNVs and establish relationships between i...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719003210
更新日期:2019-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the substantial heritability of the psychoses and their genuine public health burden, the applicability of the genomic approach in psychiatry has been strongly questioned or prematurely dismissed. METHODS:selective review of the recent literature on molecular genetic and genomic approaches to the ps...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991139
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study is to determine the association between panic attacks in adolescence and the risk of personality disorders during young adulthood. METHOD:Data were drawn from the Children in the Community Study, a longitudinal epidemiological study of psychopathology across the life-course in 717 indi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291704003319
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results are reported from a large population study (of working people) comparing Holocaust survivors and a control group in regard to emotional distress, satisfaction in life and psychosomatic symptoms. It was found that, even 40 years after the traumatic experience, this group of survivors exhibited a slightly higher...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700002580
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00