Abstract:
:When casting ceramic items in potteries, liquid 'slip' is passed from a settling tank, through overhead pipelines, before being pumped manually into the moulds. It is not uncommon for bubbles to be introduced into the slip as it passes through the complex piping network, and indeed the presence of bubbles is a major source of financial loss to the ceramics industry worldwide. This is because the bubbles almost always remain undetected until after the ceramic items have been fired in a kiln, during which process bubbles expand and create unwanted holes in the pottery. Since there it is usually an interval of several hours between the injection of the slip into the moulds, and the inspection of the items after firing, such bubble generation goes undetected on the production line during the manufacture of hundreds or even thousands of ceramic units. Not only does this mean hours of wasted staff time, power consumption and production line time: the raw material which makes up these faulty items cannot even be recycled, as fired ceramic cannot be converted back into slip. Currently, the state-of-the-art method for detecting bubbles in the opaque ceramic slip is slow and invasive, can only be used off-line, and requires expertise which is rarely available. This paper describes the invention, engineering and in-factory testing across Europe of an ultrasonic system for real-time monitoring for the presence of bubbles in casting slip. It interprets changes in the scattering statistics accompanying the presence of the bubbles, the latter being detected through perturbations in the received signal when a narrow-band ultrasonic probing wave is transmitted through the slip. The device can be bolted onto the outside of the pipeline, or used in-line. It is automated, and requires no special expertise. The acoustic problems which had to be solved were severe, and included making the system capable of monitoring the slip regardless of the material of pipe (plastic, steel, etc.) and nature of the slip (which can be very variable). It must also be capable of detecting bubbles amongst the myriad solid particles and other species present in the flowing slip. The completed prototype was tested around several factories in Europe, and proved not only to be more versatile, but also more sensitive, than the state-of-the-art method.
journal_name
Ultrasonicsjournal_title
Ultrasonicsauthors
Yim GT,Leighton TGdoi
10.1016/j.ultras.2009.07.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
60-7issue
1eissn
0041-624Xissn
1874-9968pii
S0041-624X(09)00084-5journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ULTRASONICS文献大全abstract::A new method of spatial compound imaging is presented that improves image quality without the usual requirement to decrease the frame rate. The new method of imaging utilizes three transducers for data acquisition. The transducer located at the center of the transducer system is a phased array probe that acts as both ...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(03)00105-7
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial dispersion is the variation of wave speed with wavelength. It sets in when the acoustic wavelength approaches the natural scale of length of the medium, which could, for example, be the lattice constant of a crystal, the repeat distance in a superlattice, or the grain size in a granular material. In centrosymm...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.215
更新日期:2006-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::An ultrasonic technique for imaging nonlinear scatterers, such as partially-closed cracks, buried in a medium has been recently proposed. The method called fundamental wave amplitude difference (FAD) consists of a sequence of acquisitions with different subsets of elements for each line of the image. An image revealin...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2019.02.003
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is the primary method to realize the global planarization of silicon wafer. In order to improve this process, a novel method which combined megasonic vibration to assist chemical mechanical polishing (MA-CMP) is developed in this paper. A matching layer structure of polishing head w...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2017.04.005
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two merits of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) device are its high energy density and small size. However, the driving frequency is around 10 MHz or higher. In spite of the difficulties involved with high frequency, the high energy density is attractive for actuator applications. The SAW linear motor's no load speed an...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(99)00087-6
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate computation of dispersion characteristics of guided waves in rails is important during the development of inspection and monitoring systems. Wavenumber versus frequency curves computed by the semi-analytical finite element method exhibit mode repulsion and mode crossing which can be difficult to distinguish. ...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2017.11.014
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to guide the needle to the correct location in 3D US-guided brachytherapy, the needle is continuously tracked as it is being inserted. A pre-scan before the needle insertion and a post-scan after the needle insertion are subtracted to obtain a difference image containing the needle. The image is projected alo...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2006.07.003
更新日期:2006-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::The acoustic source localization technique for anisotropic plates proposed by the authors in an earlier publication ([1] Kundu et al., 2012) is improved in this paper by adopting some modifications. The improvements are experimentally verified on anisotropic flat and curved composite plates. Difficulties associated wi...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2014.03.001
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nonlinear acoustic method to assess the damage level of a complex medium is discussed herein. Thanks to the highly nonlinear elastic signatures of cracks or, more generally, internal solid contacts, this method is able to distinguish between contributions from linear wave scattering by a heterogeneity and contributi...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.09.015
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the original combination of picosecond acoustics and diamond anvils cell, recent improvements to accurately measure hypersonic sound velocities of liquids and solids under extreme conditions are described. To illustrate the capability of this technique, results are given on the pressure and temperature depend...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2014.04.011
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a novel linear piezoelectric motor which is suitable for rapid ultra-precision positioning. The finite element analysis (FEA) was applied for optimal design and further analysis, then experiments were conducted to investigate its performance. By changing the input signal, the proposed motor was fou...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.07.010
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The profiles of an acoustic field and electric potential of the forward and backward shear-horizontal (SH) acoustic waves of a higher order propagating in X-Y potassium niobate plate have been theoretically investigated. It has been shown that by changing electrical boundary conditions on a surface of piezoelectric pl...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2018.01.010
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerical simulations of bubble oscillations in liquid water irradiated by an ultrasonic wave are performed for various acoustic amplitudes and various ambient pressures. In the numerical simulations, effect of non-equilibrium evaporation and condensation of water vapor at the bubble wall and that of chemical reaction...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2003.12.005
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many ultrasonic applications frictional effects play an important role (e.g. ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic motors). For optimising the applications in terms of quality, efficiency and lifetime it is important to understand the frictional coupling of the vibrating and the non-vibrating part. This contribution is ...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(02)00126-9
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broken wires often occur at multiple locations in the same wire of a strand due to the recovery length, which is defined as the length of the wire taking up its full share of the axial load from the break point. The detection of broken-wire flaws at multiple locations along the same wire is investigated using guided w...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2012.05.003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasonic insertion technique (IT) is an ultrasonic technique which involves sample immersion in a solution to determine its acoustic properties. IT is normally used to determine the acoustic properties of a medical phantom. We proposed the use of IT as an alternative technique to the common contact ultrasonic techni...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.11.025
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowing the low-frequency response of hydrophones, down to 100 kHz at least, is important for accurate biomedical ultrasound measurements. However, current international standards do not extend below 500 kHz. Furthermore, commercial hydrophone sources typically do not supply sensitivity data below 1-2 MHz. Therefore, ...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2003.12.008
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thallium bromide iodide crystal also known as KRS-5 is the well known material used in far infrared radiation applications for optical windows and lenses fabrication. The main advantage of this material is the transparency in wide band of wavelengths from 0.53 to 50μm. Despite such advantages as transparency and large...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.11.019
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to generate short focused ultrasonic pulses with duration on the order of one period of carrier frequency depends on the bandwidth of the transmitter as the pulse duration is inversely proportional to the bandwidth. Conventional focusing arrays used for focusing ultrasound have limited bandwidth due to the...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2008.10.008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most applications of MEMS the mechanical properties of the used materials are key parameters for the perfect working of the microsystems. Measuring bulk acoustic waves excited in MEMS structures with ultra-short laser pulses is a powerful method for the accurate and non-destructive evaluation as well as for the cha...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.049
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To improve the integrated performance of a representative bimodal linear ultrasonic motor under continuous operation, this paper proposes a novel dual-frequency asymmetric excitation method for such motors which can operate under traditional single-phase asymmetric or two-phase symmetric excitation modes. In particula...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106224
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasonic wave tunneling through seriously mismatched media, such as steel and water, is possible only when the frequency matches the resonance of the steel plate. But it is nearly impossible to realize continuous wave tunneling if the low acoustic impedance media is air because the transducer frequency cannot be mad...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2017.07.018
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The design and simulation of power transducers are difficult since piezoelectric, dielectric and elastic properties of ferroelectric materials differ from linear behavior when driven at large levels. This paper is devoted to modeling of a resonant power transducer at a high level of dynamic mechanical stress. The powe...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2011.05.017
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasonic standing wave chambers with acoustic pathlengths of 1.1 and 0.62 mm have been constructed. The chambers were driven at frequencies over the range 0.66-12.2 MHz. The behaviour of 2 microns diameter latex microparticles and 5 microns diameter yeast in the chambers has been elucidated. One (flow) chamber had a...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(98)00019-5
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurements of elastic constants of the austenite phase when approaching the phase transformation either upon cooling or stressing is of the crucial interest for the shape memory alloy field. Acoustic properties (wave velocity and also attenuation changes) of the Cu-Al-Ni single crystal were investigated in situ duri...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.029
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a new method of measuring dispersion curves of leaky Lamb waves propagating in a thin plate. The measurement system is based on a lens-less line-focus transducer and its defocusing measurement technique. A new waveform processing method known as V(f, z) method is introduced for analyzing the measur...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(00)00069-x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acoustic scattering phenomena from complex immersed elastic shells are studied by high-speed Schlieren visualization for spark-generated spherical quasi-Dirac excitations. The situations considered are air-filled cylindrical shells under normal insonification and air-filled cylindrical shells soldered at one end with ...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-624x(99)00165-1
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periodic composite ultrasonic transducers offer many advantages but the periodic pillar architecture can give rise to unwanted modes of vibration which interfere with the piston like motion of the fundamental thickness mode. In this paper, viscoelastic loss is incorporated into a three-dimensional plane wave expansion...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2008.03.004
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a method which combines electromagnetic simulation and ultrasonic simulation to build EMAT array models. For a specific sensor configuration, Lorentz forces are calculated using the finite element method (FEM), which then can feed through to ultrasonic simulations. The propagation of ultrasound wav...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2015.10.020
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The second and third-order Brugger elastic constants are obtained for liquids and ideal gases having an initial hydrostatic pressure p1. For liquids the second-order elastic constants are C₁₁=A+p₁, C₁₂=A-p₁, and the third-order constants are C₁₁₁=-(B+5A+3p₁), C₁₁₂=-(B+A-p₁), and C₁₂₃=A-B-p₁, where A and B are the Beye...
journal_title:Ultrasonics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2014.01.012
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00