Estrogen therapy and Alzheimer's dementia.

abstract：:The Cape Town Case Study (CTCS) was a multi-institutional collaborative project initiated by CUBES, a knowledge networking initiative of UNESCO's Ecological Sciences Division and the Earth Institute at Columbia University. Cape Town was selected as a CUBES site on the basis of its high biological and cultural signific...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Stanvliet R,Jackson J,Davis G,De Swardt C,Mokhoele J,Thom Q,Lane BD

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-density (resting) murine Lyt-2+ T cells exposed in vitro to the ligand concanavalin A (Con A), or immobilized F23.1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizing an allotypic determinant on the T-cell receptor (TCR), or high-density (resting) allogeneic B stimulator cells remain IL-2-unresponsive; such cells do not expre...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Wagner H,Heeg K,Hardt C

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Taken together with electrophysiological data, these results suggest that in states of DA deficiency, systemically administered L-dopa or DA agonist drugs inhibit cell firing in the major output nuclei of the basal ganglia (GPI and SNPR). We propose that DA produces this net effect by a direct influence on the striato...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Wooten GF

更新日期：1997-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In this chapter, we will review how signal transduction pathways have been assembled in the past, bringing us to our present understanding of this area of research. The methods employed have relied heavily upon the genetics of yeast, worms, flies, mice, and humans. The use of second site suppressors and epistasis has ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Levine AJ,Hu W,Feng Z,Gil G

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is now good evidence that in the AD brain, a number of neurotransmitter effector systems are defective. Such abnormalities include defective G, protein and protein kinase C function as well as a drastically reduced level of receptors for the second messenger Ins(1,4,5) P3. Such changes are probably not restricte...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Fowler CJ,Garlind A,O'Neill C,Cowburn RF

更新日期：1996-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:These findings demonstrate that calcium antagonists reverse renal vasoconstriction in a variety of settings. The ability of calcium antagonists to augment GFR of the vasoconstricted kidney is striking and has also been demonstrated in a number of in vivo settings. These observations and others raise the possibility th...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Loutzenhiser R,Epstein M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T1DM is a disease that affects pancreatic beta cells and results in severe insulin depletion. T1DM is a multigenic disease, and the strongest genetic association with this disease is shown by the genes in MHC class II, namely, DQA1 and DQB1. The other gene that has been implicated in susceptibility to T1DM is the MICA...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Nikitina-Zake L,Ghaderi M,Park Y,Babu S,Eisenbarth G,Sanjeevi CB

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is strongly associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Caucasian populations, but our studies suggest that APOE epsilon 4 is not a risk factor for AD in Nigerian blacks and is a weak risk factor in African-Americans. The prevalence of AD is lower in Nigerians...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Lahiri DK,Xu Y,Klaunig J,Baiyewu O,Ogunniyi A,Hall K,Hendrie H,Sahota A

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of thymosin beta(4) in different models of excitotoxicity. The application of thymosin beta(4) significantly attenuated glutamate-induced toxicity both in primary cultures of cortical neurons and in rat hippocampal slices. In in vivo experiment...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Popoli P,Pepponi R,Martire A,Armida M,Pèzzola A,Galluzzo M,Domenici MR,Potenza RL,Tebano MT,Mollinari C,Merlo D,Garaci E

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells produce and bind to multiple basement membrane components. Fibronectin and interstitial collagens seem to promote migration and proliferation, whereas basement membrane collagen and laminin stimulate attachment and differentiation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells will rapidly form capillary-li...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Grant DS,Kleinman HK,Martin GR

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with HLA B27. But the association is not absolute. Hence association with other HLA class I antigens and class II alleles was studied in a southern Indian population. Sixty-five patients with primary AS were typed serologically for HLA class I ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Madhavan R,Parthiban M,Rajendran CP,Chandrasekaran AN,Zake L,Sanjeevi CB

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that the medial preoptic area (MPO) in the hypothalamus is a major site where interferon (IFN)-alpha acts to induce suppression of splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity through an activation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in rats. Here, we discuss the hypothalamic mechanisms of the cytokine acti...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Katafuchi T,Duan S,Take S,Yoshimura M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Access to food is essential to optimal development and function in children and adults. Food security, food insecurity, and hunger have been defined and a U.S. Food Security Scale was developed and is administered annually by the Census Bureau in its Current Population Survey. The eight child-referenced items now make...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Cook JT,Frank DA

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children exposed in utero to cocaine are at risk for long-term neurobehavioral damage not just because of the drug itself, but also because of clustering of other health determinants, including low socioeconomic status, low maternal education, and maternal addiction, to mention a few. One methodologic approach to sepa...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Koren G,Nulman I,Rovet J,Greenbaum R,Loebstein M,Einarson T

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plaques with lipid macrophages and macrophages containing undigested myelin fragments from five multiple sclerosis patients were studied by light microscopy of epoxy-embedded tissue (five cases) and electron microscopy (one case). Cell counts determined electron microscopically revealed that oligodendrocytes were redu...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Prineas JW,Kwon EE,Cho ES,Sharer LR

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin E deficiency in rats increased the sensitivity of liver and muscle mitochondria to damage during incubation at various temperatures, irradiation with visible light, or steady-state respiration with substrates. In all cases, vitamin E-deficient mitochondria exhibited increased lipid peroxidation, reduced transm...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Quintanilha AT,Packer L,Davies JM,Racanelli TL,Davies KJ

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The four diseases discussed in this chapter (dracunculiasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, and trachoma) are among the officially designated "Neglected Tropical Diseases," and each is also both the result of and a contributor to the poverty of many rural populations. To various degrees, they all have adverse effect...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Hopkins DR,Richards FO Jr,Ruiz-Tiben E,Emerson P,Withers PC Jr

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroendocrine tumors are very heterogeneous, develop from a variety of tissues, and can be difficult to diagnose. Without the clinical manifestation of metastases, it is often difficult to characterize them as malignant. Even so-called completely (R0) resected tumors can spread clinically visible metastases within a ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Koch CA,Gimm O,Vortmeyer AO,Al-Ali HK,Lamesch P,Ott R,Kluge R,Bierbach U,Tannapfel A

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term changes in catecholamine levels and expression of their biosynthetic enzymes are associated with several stress-related disorders such as elevated plasma norepinephrine in posttraumatic stress disorder and increased postmortem tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus with major depression. Stress elevates...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Sabban EL,Hebert MA,Liu X,Nankova B,Serova L

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a complete spinal cord injury (SCI) at the lowest thoracic level (T13), adult cats trained to walk on a treadmill can recover hindlimb locomotion within 2-3 weeks, resulting from the activity of a spinal circuitry termed the central pattern generator (CPG). The role of this spinal circuitry in the recovery of lo...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Martinez M,Rossignol S

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As illustrated in Figure 1, a disturbance of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is thought to be a common pathogenic factor for the generation of secondary nerve cell damage that develops after brain trauma or stroke or during the course of neurodegenerative diseases. A neuronal Ca2+ overload which may result from an ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Schubert P,Ogata T,Marchini C,Ferroni S,Rudolphi K

更新日期：1997-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Population trends indicate that in the near future the size of the elderly population will increase. This will result in a large increment in the numbers of persons suffering mild to severe levels of cognitive impairment. While considerable efforts continue to be made to explain brain changes associated with Alzheimer...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： de Leon MJ,Convit A,George AE,Golomb J,de Santi S,Tarshish C,Rusinek H,Bobinski M,Ince C,Miller D,Wisniewski H

更新日期：1996-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Healthy CD45 KO mice show a Th2-type cytokine secretion profile in their small intestines. Dietary supplementation with human infant formula induced colitis and a shift toward a Th1-type profile, suggesting that diet can alter cytokine secretion. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Lópeza MC,Holmes N

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Starling's law and the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) reflect the effect of sarcomere length (SL) on the development of stress (sigma) and shortening by myocytes in the uniform ventricle. We show here that tetanic contractions of rat cardiac trabeculae exhibit a sigma-SL relationship at saturating [...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ter Keurs HE,Shinozaki T,Zhang YM,Wakayama Y,Sugai Y,Kagaya Y,Miura M,Boyden PA,Stuyvers BD,Landesberg A

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is present in hyperactive and neoplastic thyrocytes, but the functional role of this relaxin-like peptide hormone during carcinogenesis in the thyroid gland is currently unknown. We generated new cell models of stable transfectants of the human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line FTC-...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Bialek J,Hombach-Klonisch S,Fiebig B,Weber E,Hoang-Vu C,Klonisch T

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the potent proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 in disease could clinically be investigated with the development of the IL-1 blocking agent anakinra (Kineret), a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist. It was first tested in patients with sepsis without much benefit but was later FDA approved for the treatment of p...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Goldbach-Mansky R

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cities modify their local climate, and at the same time they suffer from the local impacts of climate change. Our paper discusses the progress and obstacles in three active research topics that contribute to increasing the capability within the urban climate research community for transferring local climate knowledge ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Hidalgo J,Lemonsu A,Masson V

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a disease characterized by increased numbers of T lymphocytes within the alveolar structures and the consequent spontaneous release of a variety of mediators relevant to the pathogenesis of this disorder. This phenomenon is associated with a different expansion of the T cell subpopulations pre...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rossi GA,Sacco O,Cosulich E,Balbi B,Risso A,Ravazzoni C

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The newborn's immune system grows fast from a small size at birth by exposure primarily to the intestinal microflora normally obtained from the mother at and after birth. While building up its immune system, the infant is supported by the transplacental IgG antibodies, which also contain anti-idiotypic antibodies, pos...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Hanson LA,Korotkova M,Lundin S,Håversen L,Silfverdal SA,Mattsby-Baltzer I,Strandvik B,Telemo E

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play an important role in various processes involved in regulating systemic blood pressure. These receptors are expressed at excitatory cholinergic synapses between sympathetic preganglionic neurons and postganglionic sympathetic neurons and link the integrative activities of...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Cooper E

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00