The UNESCO biosphere reserve concept as a tool for urban sustainability: the CUBES Cape Town case study.

abstract：:We showed the presence of glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors in different populations of Xenopus laevis melanotrope cells and revealed their downregulation (MR) and upregulation (GR) during dark background adaptation. Corticosterone did not affect short-term intracellular calcium dynamics and alp...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Roubos EW,Kuribara M,Kuipers-Kwant FJ,Coenen TA,Meijer KH,Cruijsen PM,Denver RJ

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prostate and breast cancer are hormone-dependent malignancies of the aging male and female and require the local production of androgens and estrogens to stimulate cell proliferation. Aldo-keto reductases (AKR) play key roles in this process. In the prostate, AKR1C3 (type 5 17beta-HSD) reduces Delta(4)-androstene-3,17...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Penning TM,Byrns MC

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of prognostic factors in predicting outcome in pediatric oncology is largely recognized, and most current protocols tailor treatment based on risk stratification. Further refinements of classical staging systems are ongoing, and the future of pediatric oncology is in the development of strategies based ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Yanagisawa T,Bartels U,Bouffet E

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer is a primary public health problem and the second leading cause of death worldwide. It causes life-threatening malignancies and results in high financial costs for both patients and the healthcare system. Hence, it is important to develop effective long-term strategies pertaining to prevention and control of ca...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ganesan K,Xu B

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane bioreactors can be operated with intermittent permeation and continuous aeration. Aeration close to the surface of a submerged membrane helps to maintain a membrane surface that is free from fouling. The conditions under which this occurs depend on the interaction between flux and aeration rate. Increased flu...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Howell JA,Arnot TC,Chua HC

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The course of 1,487 patients with myasthenia gravis followed between 1940 and 1985 for a mean of 18 years provides further evidence that the distribution, severity, and outcome of the disease are determined during the first 1 to 3 (occasionally 5) years after onset, suggesting that injury to acetylcholine receptors oc...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Grob D,Arsura EL,Brunner NG,Namba T

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoclasts are cells of monocyte-macrophage origin that degrade bone matrix. Receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast formation in the presence of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and costimulatory signals. RANKL induces activation of the TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) a...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Takayanagi H

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the ventral pallidum (VP) is known to be important in relaying information between the nucleus accumbens and target structures, it has become clear that substantial information processing occurs within the VP. We evaluated the possibility that opioid modulation of other transmitters contained in VP afferents is ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Napier TC,Mitrovic I

更新日期：1999-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In all patients and volunteers, the levels of immunoreactive SP measured in saliva were about 100 times higher than the levels measured in plasma. SP per mg protein was consistently lower in both plasma and saliva of chronic pain patients than in healthy volunteers. These findings suggest that a simple noninvasive obj...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Parris WC,Sastry BV,Kambam JR,Naukam RJ,Johnson BW

更新日期：1993-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:New approaches to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) have increased symptomatic relief and prolonged survival. PH is a common sequela of the hemoglobinopathies, but the use of standard oral treatment options is limited because of toxicity and poor effectiveness. Sildenafil citrate is a selective and...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Derchi G,Forni GL

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the GABAergic control of the spinal locomotor network using an isolated brain stem/spinal cord from newborn rats, in which locomotor-like activity was recorded. We demonstrate that endogenously released GABA controls the locomotor network, by decreasing or completely abolishing all locomotor-like activity. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Cazalets JR,Bertrand S,Sqalli-Houssaini Y,Clarac F

更新日期：1998-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucagon and the glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) share a common evolutionary origin and are triplication products of an ancestral glucagon exon. In mammals, a standard scenario is found where only a single proglucagon-derived peptide set exists. However, fish and amphibians have either multiple proglucagon ge...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ng SY,Lee LT,Chow BK

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bilayer phase behavior of symmetric and asymmetric phosphatidylcholines (PCs), 1,2-diheptadecanoyl-PC (C17PC), 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-PC (PSPC), and 1-stearoyl-2-palmitoyl-PC (SPPC), with different vesicle sizes were investigated by a high-pressure fluorescence method using the polarity-sensitive fluorescent probe...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Goto M,Kusube M,Nishimoto M,Tamai N,Matsuki H,Kaneshina S

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined the effects of psychological stress on performance quality, autonomic responses, and upper extremity muscle activity in skilled pianists through comparisons between stressful (competition) and nonstressful (rehearsal) conditions. We observed increased levels of subjective anxiety, autonomic ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Yoshie M,Kudo K,Ohtsuki T

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells derived from human trabecular bones have been shown to have multipotential differentiation ability along osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. In this study, we have derived two clonal sublines of human trabecular bone cells by means of stable transduction with human papilloma virus E6/E7 genes. Our...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Osyczka AM,Nöth U,Danielson KG,Tuan RS

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to alter delayed-type hypersensitivity via hypnotic suggestion was tested in 12 highly hypnotizable, untrained subjects and 30 nonhypnotized controls. Subjects were skin-tested bilaterally with a standardized panel of delayed hypersensitivity antigens and instructed either to enhance or suppress the skin t...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Locke SE,Ransil BJ,Covino NA,Toczydlowski J,Lohse CM,Dvorak HF,Arndt KA,Frankel FH

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence has suggested that the superoxide and nitric oxide-derived reactive oxygen species peroxynitrite (ONOO-) may play a significant role in the acute pathophysiology of brain injury. One pharmacological mechanism by which ONOO(-)-mediated damage might be interrupted is by the administration of scavenging c...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Hall ED,Kupina NC,Althaus JS

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microgravity experiments on the constrained vapor bubble heat exchanger (CVB) are being developed for the space station. Herein, ground-based experimental studies on condensate removal in the condenser region of the vertical CVB were conducted and the mechanism of condensate removal in microgravity was found to be the...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Zheng L,Wang Y,Wayner PC Jr,Plawsky JL

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the preB stage, when only the IGH locus has rearranged, mu chains become expressed in association with the psi L chains, lambda-like and VpreB, thus forming the preB receptor. By the use of a monoclonal anti VpreB antibody, preB cells were isolated from two adult bone marrow samples, and the VH repertoire was analy...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Tonnelle C,Cuisinier AM,Gauthier L,Guelpa-Fonlupt V,Milili M,Schiff C,Fougereau M

更新日期：1995-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological observations, clinical mechanistic studies, and basic laboratory research suggest that estrogen therapy is associated with beneficial cardiovascular effects in postmenopausal women. Estrogen has a multitude of biological effects that may account for this apparent benefit (which remains to be proved in ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Blum A,Cannon RO 3rd

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paget's disease is a common skeletal disorder with a strong genetic component, which is characterized by focal increases in disorganized bone remodeling, predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. Current evidence suggests that classical Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is caused by a combination of rare alleles of larg...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ralston SH,Albagha OM

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixty years ago Hans Selye discovered that the neuroendocrine and immune systems interact during stress. The pathophysiological significance of neuroendocrine-immune interaction during injury has only been recognized recently. Today it is rapidly emerging that, in addition to defense against exogenous pathogenic agent...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Berczi I

更新日期：1998-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Frozen-hydrated microtubules have been studied by cryoelectron microscopy. We have described some structural features of microtubules, their relationship with the computed or X ray diffraction patterns, and the influence of the contrast transfer function. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Mandelkow E,Mandelkow EM

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal studies have already shown the possibility to modulate insulin action by changing not only the amount of total fat, but also the type of fat. In these studies, saturated fat significantly increased insulin resistance, long- and short-chain omega(3) fatty acids significantly improved it, whereas the effects of m...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rivellese AA,De Natale C,Lilli S

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecular patterns relating to a variety of microbial infections. Stimulation through TLRs leads to activation of antigen-presenting cells, production of inflammatory cytokines creating inflammation, and production of type 1 interferons (IFNs) that include IFN-alpha and -beta, and ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Wong FS,Wen L

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of a covalent intermediate in topoisomerase I catalysis allows uncoupling of the cleavage and ligation half-reactions on partially single-stranded DNA substrates containing a highly preferred interaction site. Using this model DNA substrate system we have demonstrated that the cleavage reaction requires ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Christiansen K,Westergaard O

更新日期：1996-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene causes a major risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To study the transcription control of the mouse (m) APOE gene, we first tested the promoter activity of a 721-base-pair (bp) 5'-flanking region, which is located 771 bp upstream from the translation initiation ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Lahiri DK,Alley GM,Ge YW,Du Y

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the complete genome sequences of the Nine Mile, K, and G isolates to improve our understanding of the unique virulence properties of C. burnetii and to provide important insight into the genome architecture and genetic diversity of this pathogen. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Beare PA,Porcella SF,Seshadri R,Samuel JE,Heinzen RA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence suggests that the tight junction is a dynamically regulated structure. Cytoskeletal reorganization, particularly myosin light chain phosphorylation--induced actomyosin contraction, has increasingly been recognized as a mediator of physiological and pathophysiological tight junction regulation. Howe...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Shen L

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this brief review, we introduce some major themes in the regulation of energy, lipid, and glucose metabolism by the central nervous system (CNS). Rather than comprehensively discussing the field, we instead will discuss some of the key findings made regarding the interaction of the hormones ghrelin and leptin with ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Nogueiras R,Tschöp MH,Zigman JM

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00