Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Additional prognostic factors and personalized therapeutic alternatives for vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC), especially for advanced stages with poor prognosis, are urgently needed. OBJECTIVES:To review and assess literature regarding underlying molecular mechanisms of VSCC target therapeutic and prognostic approaches. METHODS:We performed a narrative literature review from the inception of the database up to January 2020 limited to English language, organizing knowledge in five main fields: extracellular and intracellular cell cycle deregulation, tumor immune microenvironment, tumor angiogenesis and hormones. RESULTS:EGFR immunohistochemical overexpression/gene amplification, representing early events in VSCC carcinogenesis, have been correlated with a worse prognosis and led to inclusion of erlotinib in cancer guidelines. p16 expression and HPV positivity are linked to a better prognosis, while p53 overexpression is linked to a worse prognosis; thus, biomarkers could help tailoring conventional treatment and follow-up. The implications of PD-L1 positivity in reference to HPV status and prognosis are still not clear, even though pembrolizumab is part of available systemic therapies. The role of tumor angiogenesis emerges through data on microvessel density, immunohistochemical VEGF staining and evaluation of serum VEGF concentrations. Few data exist on hormonal receptor expression, even though hormonal therapy showed great manageability. CONCLUSIONS:We suggest adding p16, p53 and HPV status to routine hystopathological examination of vulvar biopsies or surgical specimens. Predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs are needed. Enough preclinical data supporting anti-angiogenic target therapies in clinical trials are existing. Hormonal receptor expression deserves further investigation.
journal_name
J Cancer Res Clin Oncoljournal_title
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncologyauthors
Giulia Mantovani,Fragomeni SM,Inzani F,Fagotti A,Della Corte L,Gentileschi S,Tagliaferri L,Zannoni GF,Scambia G,Garganese Gdoi
10.1007/s00432-020-03226-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-01 00:00:00pages
1647-1658issue
7eissn
0171-5216issn
1432-1335pii
10.1007/s00432-020-03226-6journal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract::The two hormone analogues octreotide and goserelin have been shown to decelerate growth of human pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of these two agents in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Octreotide was inje...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01212614
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abstract:AIMS:With three consecutive tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs at its C-terminus essential for neuronal migration, and a p23 domain at its N-terminus, DYX1C1 was the first gene proposed to have a role in developmental dyslexia. In this study, we attempted to identify the potential interaction of DYX1C1 and heat shoc...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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doi:10.1007/s00432-012-1172-8
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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doi:10.1007/s00432-010-0971-z
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004320000148
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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doi:10.1007/s00432-007-0290-1
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01261403
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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