Abstract:
:Climate change is increasingly impacting marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks, yet adaptation strategies are rarely incorporated into MPA design and management plans according to the primary scientific literature. Here we review the state of knowledge for adapting existing and future MPAs to climate change and synthesize case studies (n = 27) of how marine conservation planning can respond to shifting environmental conditions. First, we derive a generalized conservation planning framework based on five published frameworks that incorporate climate change adaptation to inform MPA design. We then summarize examples from the scientific literature to assess how conservation goals were defined, vulnerability assessments performed and adaptation strategies incorporated into the design and management of existing or new MPAs. Our analysis revealed that 82% of real-world examples of climate change adaptation in MPA planning derive from tropical reefs, highlighting the need for research in other ecosystems and habitat types. We found contrasting recommendations for adaptation strategies at the planning stage, either focusing only on climate refugia, or aiming for representative protection of areas encompassing the full range of expected climate change impacts. Recommendations for MPA management were more unified and focused on adaptative management approaches. Lastly, we evaluate common barriers to adopting climate change adaptation strategies based on reviewing studies which conducted interviews with MPA managers and other conservation practitioners. This highlights a lack of scientific studies evaluating different adaptation strategies and shortcomings in current governance structures as two major barriers, and we discuss how these could be overcome. Our review provides a comprehensive synthesis of planning frameworks, case studies, adaptation strategies and management actions which can inform a more coordinated global effort to adapt existing and future MPA networks to continued climate change.
journal_name
Glob Chang Bioljournal_title
Global change biologyauthors
Wilson KL,Tittensor DP,Worm B,Lotze HKdoi
10.1111/gcb.15094subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
3251-3267issue
6eissn
1354-1013issn
1365-2486journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Biological soil crusts across the desert regions play a key role in regional ecological security and ecological health. They are vital biotic components of desert ecosystems that maintain soil stability, fix carbon and nitrogen, influence the establishment of vascular plants, and serve as habitats for a large number o...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14378
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate at which biological diversity is altered on both land and in the sea, makes temporal community development a critical and fundamental part of understanding global change. With advancements in trait-based approaches, the focus on the impact of temporal change has shifted towards its potential effects on the fu...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14552
更新日期:2018-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Biodiversity studies of global change mainly focus on direct impacts such as losses in species numbers or ecosystem functions. In this study, we focus on the long-term effects of recent land-cover conversion and subsequent ecological isolation of Kilimanjaro on biodiversity in a paleobiogeographical context, linking o...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14078
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wetlands are the largest source of methane (CH4 ) globally, yet our understanding of how process-level controls scale to ecosystem fluxes remains limited. It is particularly uncertain how variable soil properties influence ecosystem CH4 emissions on annual time scales. We measured ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and C...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14124
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To thrive in a time of rapid sea-level rise, tidal marshes will need to migrate upslope into adjacent uplands. Yet little is known about the mechanics of this process, especially in urbanized estuaries, where the adjacent upland is likely to be a mowed lawn rather than a wooded natural area. We studied marsh migration...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13398
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shifts of distributions have been attributed to species tracking their fundamental climate niches through space. However, several studies have now demonstrated that niche tracking is imperfect, that species' climate niches may vary with population trends, and that geographic distributions may lag behind rapid climate ...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13478
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of global and local stressors is leading to a decline in coral reef health globally. In the case of eutrophication, increased concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) are largely attributed to local land use changes. From the global perspective, increased atmospheric CO...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12035
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The consequences of the 2019-2020 bushfires in Australia were also devastating for the aquatic biota. Following abnormal rainfall events in burnt areas, widespread mortality events including fish and invertebrates were recorded in estuarine and freshwater systems. Such negative impacts on aquatic resources highlight t...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/gcb.15282
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seawater acidification from increasing CO2 is often enhanced in coastal waters due to elevated nutrients and sedimentation. Our understanding of the effects of ocean and coastal acidification on present-day ecosystems is limited. Here we use data from three independent large-scale reef monitoring programs to assess co...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14985
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Many arctic ecological processes are regulated by soil temperature that is tightly interconnected with snow cover distribution and persistence. Recently, various climate-induced changes have been observed in arctic tundra ecosystems, e.g. shrub expansion, resulting in reduction in albedo and greater C fixation in abov...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13294
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly half of the freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska originates from landscapes draining glacier runoff, but the influence of the influx of riverine organic matter on the trophodynamics of coastal marine food webs is not well understood. We quantified the ecological impact of riverine organic matter subsidi...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13875
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drained peatlands are hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which could be mitigated by rewetting and land use change. We performed an ecological/economic analysis of rewetting drained fertile peatlands in a hemiboreal climate using different land use strategies over 80 years. Vegetation, soil processes, and to...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13931
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in peak photosynthesis timing (PPT) could substantially change the seasonality of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Spring PPT in dry regions has been documented for some individual plant species on a stand scale, but both the spatio-temporal pattern of shifting PPT on a continental scale and its determinants rema...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13224
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life-history and pace-of-life syndrome theory predict that populations are comprised of individuals exhibiting different reproductive schedules and associated behavioural and physiological traits, optimized to prevailing social and environmental factors. Changing weather and social conditions provide in situ cues alte...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15106
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent decades, the final frost dates of winter have advanced throughout North America, and many angiosperm taxa have simultaneously advanced their flowering times as the climate has warmed. Phenological advancement may reduce plant fitness, as flowering prior to the final frost date of the winter/spring transition...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15380
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of climate change on crop yields has become widely measured; however, the linkages for winter wheat are less studied due to dramatic weather changes during the long growing season that are difficult to model. Recent research suggests significant reductions under warming. A potential adaptation strategy invo...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13163
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global urbanization trends impose major alterations on surface waters. This includes impacts on ecosystem functioning that can involve feedbacks on climate through changes in rates of greenhouse gas emissions. The combination of high nutrient supply and shallow depth typical of urban freshwaters is particularly conduc...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14799
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change (CC) and sea level rise (SLR) are phenomena that could have severe impacts on the distribution of coastal dune vegetation. To explore this we modeled the climatic niches of six coastal dunes plant species that grow along the shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico and the Yucatan Peninsula, and projected climat...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12236
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frost events during the active growth period of plants can cause extensive frost damage with tremendous economic losses and dramatic ecological consequences. A common assumption is that climate warming may bring along a reduction in the frequency and severity of frost damage to vegetation. On the other hand, it has be...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14479
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some recent modelling papers projecting smaller fish sizes and catches in a warmer future are based on erroneous assumptions regarding (i) the scaling of gills with body mass and (ii) the energetic cost of 'maintenance'. Assumption (i) posits that insurmountable geometric constraints prevent respiratory surface areas ...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13652
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in rocky shore community composition as responses to climatic fluctuations and anthropogenic warming can be shown by changes in average species thermal affinities. In this study, we derived thermal affinities for European Atlantic rocky intertidal species by matching their known distributions to patterns in av...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14968
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Many migrant bird species that breed in the Northern Hemisphere show advancement in spring arrival dates. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index is one of the climatic variables that have been most often investigated and shown to be correlated with these changes in spring arrival. Although the NAO is often claimed...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14023
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salt marshes can play a vital role in mitigating the effects of global environmental change by dissipating incident storm wave energy and, through accretion, tracking increasing water depths consequent upon sea level rise. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nutrient availability are two key variables that can affect t...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13396
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treeline responses to environmental changes describe an important phenomenon in global change research. Often conflicting results and generally too short observations are, however, still challenging our understanding of climate-induced treeline dynamics. Here, we use a state-of-the-art dendroecological approach to rec...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13963
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global biodiversity is under high and rising anthropogenic pressure. Yet, how the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional facets of biodiversity are affected by different threats over time is unclear. This is particularly true for the two main drivers of the current biodiversity crisis: habitat destruction and overexp...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15418
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing body of literature seeks to explain variation in range shifts using species' ecological and life-history traits, with expectations that shifts should be greater in species with greater dispersal ability, reproductive potential, and ecological generalization. Despite strong theoretical support for species' tr...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/gcb.13736
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although climate warming is affecting most marine ecosystems, the Mediterranean is showing earlier impacts. Foundation seagrasses are already experiencing a well-documented regression in the Mediterranean which could be aggravated by climate change. Here, we forecast distributions of two seagrasses and contrast predic...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14401
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The establishment of either forest or grassland on degraded cropland has been proposed as an effective method for climate change mitigation because these land use types can increase soil carbon (C) stocks. This paper synthesized 135 recent publications (844 observations at 181 sites) focused on the conversion from cro...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12508
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate warming has been linked to an apparent general decrease in body sizes of ectotherms, both across and within taxa, especially in aquatic systems. Smaller body size in warmer geographical regions has also been widely observed. Since body size is a fundamental determinant of many biological attributes, climate-wa...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12285
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that because of methodological improvements, the human modification map detects higher levels of land modification and is more accurate than the human footprint map across the gradient of modification globally. While we agree that protecting the world's least modified lands or wildlands is essential for conser...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1111/gcb.14900
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00