Abstract:
:We evaluated fleroxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, against isolates from sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis. These isolates included rough and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli. Selected isolates were tested by the broth microdilution method to examine the influence of various pHs, inoculum sizes, and biological fluids (serum or sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis). Fleroxacin MICs for 50 and 90% of isolates of P. aeruginosa were 2.0 and 4 micrograms/ml, those for P. cepacia were 2 and 16 micrograms/ml, those for S. aureus were 0.5 and 1 microgram/ml, those for H. influenzae were 0.06 and 0.06 micrograms/ml, and those for E. coli were 0.01 and 0.03 micrograms/ml, respectively. Fleroxacin activity against mucoid P. aeruginosa was similar to the activities of enoxacin and ofloxacin but eightfold lower than that of ciprofloxacin. It was twofold more active than norfloxacin and enoxacin but was twofold less active than ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and nafcillin against S. aureus. Fleroxacin inhibitory activity against P. cepacia was two- to fourfold lower than that of ciprofloxacin but eightfold greater than those of the other quinolones tested. Alterations in pH, diluent, and inoculum size did not significantly affect fleroxacin activity. These results, combined with available pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution data, support the need for clinical evaluation of fleroxacin in pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Akaniro JC,Vidaurre CE,Stutman HR,Marks MIdoi
10.1128/aac.34.10.1880subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-10-01 00:00:00pages
1880-4issue
10eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The dose dependence of mezlocillin pharmacokinetics was examined in relation to renal function after intravenous doses of 1 and 5 g in 16 subjects with various degrees of renal impairment. Dose and time-average model-independent physiological parameters were calculated from plasma concentration and urinary excretion d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.3.428
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial cationic peptides are ubiquitous in nature and are thought to be a component of the first line of defense against infectious agents. It is widely believed that the killing mechanism of these peptides on bacteria involves an interaction with the cytoplasmic membrane. Cationic peptides from different struc...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.8.2086-2092.2000
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The M184V substitution in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is rapidly selected in tissue culture following serial passage of wild-type virus in the presence of increasing concentrations of lamivudine (3TC). M184V is also associated with several alterations of RT enzymatic function in vitr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.11.4189-4194.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to quantitate cefotaxime and its active metabolite, desacetyl cefotaxime, in the distal airways and to compare these levels to concentrations in plasma. Respiratory secretions were obtained from the subsegmental level in 17 adult patients undergoing fiber-optic bronchoscopy within 2 h a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.5.815
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within wounds, microorganisms predominantly exist as biofilms. Biofilms are associated with chronic infections and represent a tremendous clinical challenge. As antibiotics are often ineffective against biofilms, use of dispersal agents as adjunctive, topical therapies for the treatment of wound infections involving b...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02468-14
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preclinical animal models of infection are employed to develop new agents but also to screen among molecules to rank them. There are often major differences between human pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles and those developed by animal models of infection, and these may lead to substantial differences in efficacy relative ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01376-20
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The pore-forming microcin E492 was purified by solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Its molecular mass was 7,886 Da. The entire 84-amino-acid sequence was determined. There is no postranslational modification in the secreted microcin, and the sequence has homologies with the s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.1.229-230.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Active nuclear importation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) preintegration complex (PIC) is required for the productive infection of nondividing cells, but it is believed to be dispensable for the infection of proliferating cells, such as activated T lymphocytes. To investigate this question, w...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.5.1133
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 150,000 small-molecule compounds were tested by a robotic screening assay for their ability to inhibit nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NTPase), a novel enzyme of the tachyzoite form of Toxoplasma gondii. Five unrelated species of compounds were found to inhibit the activities of both NTPase isoforms (...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.8.2393-2399.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested 32 Candida isolates recovered in the early 1990s from the bloodstreams of patients with candidemia for in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole and determined if MIC and/or the daily dose of fluconazole/MIC ratio correlated with the response to therapy. This is a unique data set since 87.5% (28/32) of patients...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.8.3171-3177.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an essential chaperone involved in the fungal stress response that can be harnessed as a novel antifungal target for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. We previously showed that genetic repression of Hsp90 reduced Aspergillus fumigatus virulence and potentiated the effect of the ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02286-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The site of localization of [(3)H]gentamicin within mouse kidney is shown to be the proximal renal tubule by coincidence of the radioactivity, as visualized by autoradiography, and the mucopolysaccharide-rich microvilli characteristic of proximal convoluted tubules, as visualized by histochemical staining. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.15.1.131
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) by Enterobacteriaceae has become a significant problem in recent years. To identify factors that could predict isolation of KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPCKP) in clinical samples from hospitalized patients, we conducted a retrospective, matched (1:2) case-...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02373-13
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::R plasmids identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in our laboratories were classified by their incompatibility characters by using intraspecies conjugation in P. aeruginosa. The fertility factor, FP2, was compatible with R plasmids belonging to all groups, and was classified in a new group. From these d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.4.573
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated that the biguanide-based compound NB325 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by interacting with the CXCR4 viral coreceptor. This interaction also appeared to be persistent, since HIV-1 infection was inhibited even when the virus was introduced subsequent to the rem...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00934-09
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of triazole-resistant Aspergillus infections is increasing worldwide, often mediated through mutations in the CYP51A amino acid sequence. New classes of azole-based drugs are required to combat the increasing resistance to existing triazole therapeutics. In this study, a CYP51 reconstitution assay is des...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01806-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the minimum exposure times of prazicuantel (PZQ) and albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO) required for their activities against Taenia cysts in vitro as well as the 50 and 99% effective concentrations. The results showed that although the effects of both drugs are time and concentration dependent, ABZSO acts ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.6.2302-2304.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the efficacies of two N-methylglucomine antimoniate (MA) dose regimens for treating macaques with Leishmania braziliensis-induced chronic skin disease. Whereas all animals treated with the full dose (20 mg MA/kg/day) were cured, 50% of the monkeys receiving a low-dose regimen (5 mg MA/kg/day) relap...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00858-09
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Klebsiella pneumoniae causes common and severe hospital- and community-acquired infections with a high incidence of multidrug resistance. The emergence and spread of beta-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae strains highlight the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed antisense peptide nu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00709-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrazinamide (PZA) has important sterilizing activity in tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy. We describe trends, risk factors, and molecular epidemiology associated with PZA-resistant (PZA(r)) Mycobacterium tuberculosis in New York City (NYC). From 2001 to 2008, all incident culture-positive TB cases reported by the NYC D...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00764-15
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the evolution of drug target genes under changing drug policy is needed to assist monitoring of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance in the field. Here we genotype Pfcrt and Pfdmr1 of 700 isolates collected in French Guiana from 2000 (5 years after withdrawal of chloroquine) to 2008, i.e., the period when...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05280-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, an aminocyclitol, macrolides, a lincosamide, a phenicol, and pleuromutilins were investigated in Mycoplasma bovis For the identification of mutations responsible for the high MICs of certain antibiotics, whole-genome sequencing of 35 M. bovis f...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01983-16
更新日期:2017-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::The organic salt triethyl-n-hexylammonium triethyl-n-hexylboride (N(2226)B(2226)) has biostatic effects against two gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus, and the yeast Candida albicans. Escherichia coli and chicken embryo fibroblasts grown in tissue culture are more refractory to this compo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.8.4.510
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teicoplanin is an investigational glycopeptide antibiotic that is structurally and microbiologically similar to vancomycin. Since teicoplanin possesses a very long elimination half-life, the manufacturer suggests that the drug be administered every 12 h for the first day of therapy and once daily thereafter. We studie...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.11.2114
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The caspofungin clinical trial database offers an opportunity to assess susceptibility results for Candida pathogens obtained from patients with candidiasis and allows for correlations between efficacy outcomes and MICs. Candida isolates have been identified from patients enrolled in four studies of esophageal candidi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.9.3616-3623.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cefazolin and cephalothin disk susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration determinations were conducted on 591 clinical isolates. Cefazolin demonstrated superior activity, as shown by lower minimal inhibitory concentrations, and a greater percentage of isolates inhibited in the disk susceptibility test. The c...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.5.1.63
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps are important contributors to bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this study, we combined evolutionary sequence analyses, computational structural modeling, and ligand docking to develop a framework that can explain the known antibiotic substrate selectivity difference...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00496-20
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Sporadic isolates of carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated in Tel Aviv Medical Center during 2005 and 2006, parallel to the emergence of the KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae sequence type 258 (ST 258). We aimed to study the molecular epidemiology of these isolates and to characterize th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01818-09
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa 455, isolated in Ankara, Turkey, produced a pI 6.2 beta-lactamase determined by plasmid pMLH53 and resisted all beta-lactams except carbapenems. This beta-lactamase, named OXA-14, corresponded to OXA-10 (PSE-2) except that aspartate replaced glycine at position 157 and thus is intermediate betwe...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.8.1881
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to assess whether amphotericin B (AmB)-Myrj 59, AmB-polyoxyethyleneglycol 24 cholesterol (PC), and AmB-Synperonic A50 (SA50) were less nephrotoxic than AmB-deoxycholate (DC). Rats were treated with the different AmB formulations (10 mg/kg of body weight) intraperitoneally or with the s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.7.1525
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00