Abstract:
:The production of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) by Enterobacteriaceae has become a significant problem in recent years. To identify factors that could predict isolation of KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPCKP) in clinical samples from hospitalized patients, we conducted a retrospective, matched (1:2) case-control study in five large Italian hospitals. The case cohort consisted of adult inpatients whose hospital stay included at least one documented isolation of a KPCKP strain from a clinical specimen. For each case enrolled, we randomly selected two matched controls with no KPCKP-positive cultures of any type during their hospitalization. Matching involved hospital, ward, and month/year of admission, as well as time at risk for KPCKP isolation. A subgroup analysis was also carried out to identify risk factors specifically associated with true KPCKP infection. During the study period, KPCKP was isolated from clinical samples of 657 patients; 426 of these cases appeared to be true infections. Independent predictors of KPCKP isolation were recent admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), indwelling urinary catheter, central venous catheter (CVC), and/or surgical drain, ≥ 2 recent hospitalizations, hematological cancer, and recent fluoroquinolone and/or carbapenem therapy. A Charlson index of ≥ 3, indwelling CVC, recent surgery, neutropenia, ≥ 2 recent hospitalizations, and recent fluoroquinolone and/or carbapenem therapy were independent risk factors for KPCKP infection. Models developed to predict KPCKP isolation and KPCKP infection displayed good predictive power, with the areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 0.84) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.85), respectively. This study provides novel information which might be useful for the clinical management of patients harboring KPCKP and for controlling the spread of this organism.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Tumbarello M,Trecarichi EM,Tumietto F,Del Bono V,De Rosa FG,Bassetti M,Losito AR,Tedeschi S,Saffioti C,Corcione S,Giannella M,Raffaelli F,Pagani N,Bartoletti M,Spanu T,Marchese A,Cauda R,Viscoli C,Viale Pdoi
10.1128/AAC.02373-13subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
3514-20issue
6eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.02373-13journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mycoplasma hominis was highly susceptible to two new quinolones, with MICs for 90% of isolates tested of 0.004 micrograms/ml for WIN 57273 and 0.063 micrograms/ml for sparfloxacin, which were activities much greater than the 1 microgram/ml found for ofloxacin and tetracycline. Although Ureaplasma urealyticum was less ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.7.1515
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a significant acute and chronic respiratory pathogen. While vancomycin is effective against MRSA, its relatively poor penetration into lung secretions and dose-limiting renal toxicity make it less effective in the respiratory setting. As inhaled administrat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01776-19
更新日期:2020-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumonia occurring outside of the hospital setting has traditionally been categorized as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, when pneumonia is associated with health care risk factors (prior hospitalization, dialysis, residing in a nursing home, immunocompromised state), it is now more appropriately classifi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00851-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work in conjunction with the results presented in an earlier report (M. A. Purdy and K. L. Yielding, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 10:182--184, 1976) showed the following. (i) Nalidixic acid and novobiocin could inhibit post-ultraviolet and post-X-ray survival, implicating gyrase function in deoxyribonucleic acid...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.16.3.247
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a randomized, double-blind trial involving patients with uncomplicated influenza A H3N2 subtype virus infection, rimantadine treatment (200 mg/day for 5 days) was associated with significant reductions in nasal secretion viral titers (days 2 through 4), maximal temperature (days 2 and 3), time until defervescence (...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.29.2.339
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the sequence of a 630-bp fragment of a gene associated with resistance to high levels of vancomycin in a clinical isolate of Enterococcus faecalis which retained susceptibility to teicoplanin. This gene was similar to the recently sequenced vanB and partially homologous with vanA, but it showed less-marked s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.8.1604
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brucella suis histidinol dehydrogenase (HDH) can be efficiently targeted by substrate analogues. The growth of this pathogen in minimal medium was inhibited and the multiplication in human macrophages was totally abolished in the presence of the drugs. These effects have been shown to be correlated with the previously...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00572-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an open, dose-finding study, a 100% cure rate was observed in patients suffering from uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis who were treated with a single oral dose of either 1.2 g (n = 10), 0.8 g (n = 11), or 0.4 g (n = 10) of cefetamet pivoxil. The MICs of cefetamet for all gonococcal strains ranged from 0.001 to 0...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.4.674
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pairs of 11 antimicrobial agents were tested in vitro for their ability to act synergistically against three strains of Mycobacterium avium complex isolated from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. From the combinations tested, four drugs (ethambutol, rifampin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin) were sele...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.32.9.1392
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fragments (414 bp) of the gene-encoding ribosomal protein L16 from Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis that were resistant and susceptible to the oligosaccharide antibiotics avilamycin and evernimicin (SCH 27899) were sequenced and compared. The susceptible E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates had sequences ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.12.3425-3427.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of micafungin and expression of hepatic multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2/Mrp2) between analbuminemic and Sprague-Dawley rats. Micafungin bound strongly to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and moderately to gamma globulin. These results suggest...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00396-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of antibiotics in the last century is considered one of the most important achievements in the history of medicine. Antibiotic usage has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections. However, inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to emergence of antibiotic resista...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/AAC.02225-19
更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 201 critically ill patients were studied during 267 courses of gentamicin or tobramycin treatment (139 gentamicin courses and 128 tobramycin courses). Of these 267 courses, pharmacokinetic and clinical data were obtained for 240 (120 gentamicin and 120 tobramycin). The data collected for pharmacokinetic ana...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.19.5.859
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An a priori pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target of 40% daily time above the MIC (T >MIC; based on the MIC(90) of 0.06 microg/ml for Streptococcus pyogenes reported in the literature) was shown to be achievable in a phase 1 study of 23 children with a once-daily (QD) modified-release, multiparticulate formul...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.00132-07
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifungal activities of amphotericin B and two triazoles, Sch 39304 and fluconazole, were tested against Histoplasma capsulatum. In this study Sch 39304 compared favorably with amphotericin B in treating histoplasmosis in normal and leukopenic mice, whereas fluconazole was much less active. The differences in the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.4.524
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of the present study was to examine the ability of cytochrome P450-2C9 (CYP2C9) to activate cyclophosphamide (CPA) and elicit tumor cell death. A CYP2C9-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell line (AHH-1 cells) and a derivative cell line (H2C9 cells) stably transfected with a cDNA encoding CYP2C9 were used. The ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.10.2659-2663.2000
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) has antimycobacterial properties. We tested the hypothesis that exogenous (inhaled) NO can be safely delivered and can accelerate airway disinfection for pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated with standard therapy. Exogenous NO administered at 80 ppm for 72 h can be safely delivered but ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.3.1209-1212.2005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most common cause of infections associated with catheters and other indwelling medical devices. S. epidermidis produces an extracellular slime that enables it to form adherent biofilms on plastic surfaces. We found that a biofilm-releasing enzyme produced b...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.7.2633-2636.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isavuconazole, the active moiety of the prodrug isavuconazonium sulfate, has potent activity against a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens and is approved for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis, yet little is known about the tissue penetration of isavuconazole at the target sites of infection. Here, we explored the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00524-19
更新日期:2019-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Compounds that interact with DNA or RNA generally act as inhibitors of enzymes that unwind DNA or RNA. In the present study we describe the synthesis and properties of some nucleoside analogues that interact with double-stranded DNA but that, in contrast, facilitate the unwinding reaction mediated by West Nile (WN) vi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.5.1231-1239.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to cloxacillin at neutral pH rendered the bacteria more susceptible to subsequent lysis by lysostaphin. This sensitization effect also occurred at lower pH levels which were nonpermissive for the bactericidal action of cloxacillin, but the effect disappeared at pH 5.0. These findings ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.4.618
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Daptomycin, a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are commonly administered in the inpatient setting and are associated with creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevations, myalgias, and muscle weakness. Safety data for coadministration of daptomyc...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02910-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basis of bactericidal versus bacteriostatic action of antibiotics and the mechanism of bacterial cell death are largely unknown. Related to this important issue is the essential invulnerability to killing of persisters: cells forming a small subpopulation largely responsible for the recalcitrance of biofilms to ch...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.3.890-896.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method utilizing immobilized major group rhinoviruses and biotinylated soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 has been developed for the detection of capsid binders. Binding measurements indicate a loss in relative affinity of biotinylated soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 for rhinoviruses by capsid binde...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.8.1693
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematogenous Candida meningoencephalitis (HCME) is a serious infection in premature neonates. Anidulafungin is an echinocandin antifungal agent with potent activity against Candida spp., but its efficacy and optimal regimens for human neonates with HCME are not known. A well-validated rabbit model of HCME was used to ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05826-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase OXA-253 was identified in an Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate belonging to sequence type 113 (ST113) in Brazil. OXA-253 shares 93.8% amino acid identity with OXA-143. The blaOXA-253 gene is located on a ca. 20-kb plasmid. The genetic environment of the blaOXA-253 ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02640-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The novel 6-substituted acyclouridine derivatives 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-phenylthiothymine (HEPT), 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(3-methylphenylthio)thymine (HEPT-M), 6-cyclohexylthio-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]thymine (HEPT-H), and 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-phenylthio-2- thiothymine (HEPT-S) have proved t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.12.2358
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the association between previous antibiotic use, particularly long-term prophylaxis, and the occurrence of subsequent resistant infections in children with index infections due to extended-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae We also investigated the concordance...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02656-16
更新日期:2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::N-Formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) was active against beta-lactamase-producing strains and was an effective inhibitor of beta-lactamases extracted and purified from these strains except for plasmid-mediated penicillinase type IV. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.18.5.837
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the 176 randomly selected, commensal, gram-negative bacteria isolated from healthy children with low exposure to antibiotics, 138 (78%) carried one or more of the seven macrolide resistance genes tested in this study. These isolates included 79 (91%) isolates from the oral cavity and 59 (66%) isolates from urine sa...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3451-3456.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00