Abstract:
:Proteus spp. bacteria frequently serve as opportunistic pathogens that can infect many animals and show positive survival and existence in various natural environments. The evolutionary pattern of Proteus spp. is an unknown topic, which benefits understanding the different evolutionary dynamics for excellent bacterial adaptation to various environments. Here, the eight whole genomes of different Proteus species were analyzed for the interplay between nucleotide usage and synonymous codon usage. Although the orthologous average nucleotide identity and average nucleotide identity display the genetic diversity of these Proteus species at the genome level, the principal component analysis further shows that these species sustain the specific genetic niche at the aspect of synonymous codon usage patterns. Interestingly, although these Proteus species have A/T rich genes with underrepresented G (guanine) or C (cytosine) at the third codon positions and overrepresented A or T at these positions, some synonymous codons with A or T end are obviously suppressed in usage. The overall codon usage pattern reflected by the effective number of codons (ENC) has a significantly positive correlation with GC3 content (GC content at the third codon position), and ENC has a significantly negative correlation with the adaptation index for these species. These results suggest that the mutation pressure caused by nucleotide composition constraint serves as a dominant evolutionary dynamic driving evolutionary trend of Proteus spp., along with other selections related to natural selection, replication and fine-tune translation, and so on. Taken together, the analyses help to understand the evolutionary interplay between nucleotide and codon usage at the gene level of Proteus.
journal_name
J Basic Microbioljournal_title
Journal of basic microbiologyauthors
Jin L,Gao H,Cao X,Han S,Xu L,Ma Z,Shang Y,Ma XXdoi
10.1002/jobm.201900647subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-01 00:00:00pages
424-434issue
5eissn
0233-111Xissn
1521-4028journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Considered are our own data and those found in literature on the properties of yeast mutants impaired in their ability to utilize methanol as sole carbon and energy source; hypotheses about the role of alcohol oxidase and citrate synthase in biogenesis of peroxisomes are proposed. It has been proved that formaldehyde ...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620280503
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cassava wastes--the peel and the root fibre were taken through various pretreatment procedures before being subjected to solid state fermentation with Trichoderma harzianum. Most of the pretreatment processes increased the cellulose and hemicellulose content of the cassava peel and fibre by as high as 155% while sulfu...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620360607
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recA gene of Proteus mirabilis (recApm) has been cloned into the PstI site of the Bacillus promoter-probe plasmid pPL603. When present on this plasmid, the recApm1) gene is expressed in B. subtilis under the control of its own transcriptional and translational signals. It is concluded that the high AT-content of t...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620260202
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between airborne fungal spores and allergic diseases; for this reason, the airborne fungal spores that were obtained from five different locations of Belgrad Forest were isolated, determined and studied quantitatively. Totally 120 samples were examined by using...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200310243
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitochondrial FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (FAD-GPDH), recently reported in plants, has been detailed in yeast and animal systems. It oxidizes glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) on the outer surface of mitochondrial inner membrane. A cDNA encoding the Dunaliella s...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200610263
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nourseothricin-producing S. noursei strain JA 3890b possessed a high degree of resistance to its own antibiotic when grown in submerged cultures started from mycelium samples as inocula. In contrast, both the outgrowth of spores and the development of surface colonies from mycelium samples were severely inhibited ...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620250306
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An extracellular lipase isolated from Bacillus megaterium AKG-1 had an optimum activity at 55 degrees C/pH 7.0. It retained 100% activity at 50 degrees C for 30 min with a half life of 30 min at 70 degrees C. A 20-70% increase in lipase activity was observed in presence of acetone (20% v/v), DMSO (20% v/v) and isoprop...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200410498
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work reports the production of a novel serine protease enzyme (P. dig-protease) from the fungus Penicillium digitatum. The protease was purified from the culture supernatant to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-150 gel filtration and carboxymethyl-sepharose ion exchange chromatography w...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201400179
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficiency of solid and liquid inocula and their use for spawn production were compared so that improved cultivation conditions for the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatoroseus could be tested. Solid and liquid inocula were prepared respectively with Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Liquid Potato Dextrose (LPD). Wheat g...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1521-4028(200203)42:1<37::AID-JOBM37>3.0.C
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mediterranean sponge Halichondria (Halichondria) panicea was explored as a novel matrix for the isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. A total of 38 (out of 56) isolates gave a good response to the employed screening tests (e.g., stable emulsion detection, surface tension measurement, hemolytic activity, a...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201700669
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Ruminiclostridium josui (formerly Clostridium josui), a strictly anaerobic mesophilic cellulolytic bacterium, is a promising candidate for biomass utilization via consolidated bioprocessing, its host-vector system has not yet been established. The existence of a restriction and modification system is a signif...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201700620
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of RubisCO genes is a highly useful instrument to explore the diversity of chemoautotrophic bacteria using the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle for CO2 fixation. However, because of the wide taxonomic distribution of phylogenetically related RubisCO forms, environmental studies targeting chemoautotrophs are ha...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201800136
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were carried out to screen twelve strains of Lentinus edodes for their efficiency to grow on toxic agro-industrial residues of coffee industry in solid state cultivation (SSC). Based on best mycelial growth (7.57 mm/day) and biomass production (48.78 mg/plate in 12 days at 24 degrees C) in coffee husk extract ...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1521-4028(200007)40:3<187::AID-JOBM187>3.0
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of the present study were to purify and assess the killer toxin effect produced by Aureobasidium pullulans under casual agents of green mold (Penicillum digitatum) and sour rot (Geotrichum citri-aurantii). Initially, different methods of protein precipitation were tested. The proteolytic activity and th...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.202000164
更新日期:2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::A thermophilic, arsenate resistant bacterial strain was isolated from a geothermal field located in the area surrounding Monterotondo (Tuscany, Italy). Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis and recN comparisons the strain was identified as Geobacillus kaustophilus. Cells of the strain, designated A1, were rod-shaped, 2-3 μm...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201000314
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the course of a screening for extracellular inhibitors of 8 different proteinases 140 actinomycete and 150 mould strains were examined. 130 fungal and 50 actinomycete strains were similarly tested for the production of extracellular inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and alkaline phosphatase (APh). Most o...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620290719
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spodoptera littoralis, one of the major pests of many important crop plants, is more susceptible to Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai delta-endotoxins than to those of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki. Within the framework of the development of efficient bioinsecticides and the prevention against insect resistance, we tes...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201300142
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efflux-mediated resistance has been recognized as an important contributor of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, especially in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. This study was carried out to detect and analyze efflux genes (norA and mdeA) and active efflux activity in a collection of Malaysi...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200700387
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in biofilm development in the probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum. The ability of L. plantarum LM3 and of some derivative mutant strains to form biofilm has been investigated. Biofilm microtitre plate assays showed that L. plantarum LM3-2, carryi...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201100456
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple photometric method for the determination of the agglutination rate of cells by lectins in a continuously stirred suspension is presented. Besides the agglutination rate the method allows the estimation of an average degree of agglutination, i.e. the number of cells per aggregate. The influence of the Con A-co...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.3620250806
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains were screened for their anti-insect, antibacterial and antifungal determinants by phenotypic tests and PCR targeting major insecticidal proteins and complements, chitinases, lactonases, beta-1,3-glucanases and zwittermicinA. Six strains had genes of at least two major insect...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200800182
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Citrobacter freundii is a worldwide emerging nosocomial pathogen with escalating incidence of multidrug resistance. Citrobacter freundii exists in natural environment, especially in health care settings and is difficult to eradicate. Phage therapy is considered as an alternative way of controlling bacterial infections...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201200710
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimum growth of soil crust-forming cyanobacterial species occurs between 21 and 30 °C. When the temperature decreases below -5 °C, the liquid water in the cyanobacterial cells may freeze. In the natural environment, the temperature gradually decreases from autumn to winter, and the diurnal temperatures fluctuate...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201100510
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pichia pastoris expression system was widely used for producing heterologous proteins. Some researches revealed that the increase in the copy number could improve the expression of foreign genes in P. pastoris. Hundreds or thousands of antibiotic-resistance recombinants need to be screened because the frequency of mul...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201400208
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf-cutting ants modify the properties of the soil adjacent to their nests. Here, we examined whether such an ant-altered environment impacts the belowground fungal communities. Fungal diversity and community structure of soil from the fungus garden chambers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa and Atta bisphaerica, two wides...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201200458
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some bacteria have a higher tendency to produce biofilm than others. Especially, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas strains are acknowledged to be pioneer colonizers and are predominant in biofilm formation. We examined biofilm formation and first attachment maintance of biofilms of Pseudomonas spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ae...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.200800250
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chiral intermediates have wide application and high demand in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and other biotechnological industries for the preparation of bulk drug substances or fine chemicals. (S)-1-(1-napthyl) ethanol is an important synthetic intermediate of mevinic acid analog and a potential inhibitor of 3-hydroxy...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201700207
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular aminopeptidase synthesized by a soil strain of Pseudomonas sp. was purified 323-fold using the following procedure: saturation with ammonium sulfate, separation by preparative electrophoresis, anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Molecular weight of the enzyme determined accor...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1521-4028(200208)42:4<260::AID-JOBM260>3.0
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast Cryptococcus sp. UFMG-Y28 can utilize benzonitrile as a nitrogen and possible additional carbon source. The kinetics of growth on Yeast Carbon Base (YCB) added of benzonitrile as sole nitrogen source showed that benzonitrile was metabolized to benzoic acid and ammonia. Liquid chromatography analysis indicate...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1521-4028(200012)40:5/6<389::aid-jobm389>3
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to screen for and isolate a novel enzyme with the specific activity of a Δ6-fatty acid desaturase from Rhizopus oryzae. In this study, R. oryzae was identified as a novel fungal species that produces large amounts of γ-linolenic acid. A full-length cDNA, designated here as RoD6D, with high homology t...
journal_title:Journal of basic microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jobm.201200189
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00