Human herpesvirus 8 transfusion transmission in Ghana, an endemic region of West Africa.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) seroprevalence ranges between less than 5% in Europe and North America and 50% to 70% in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence of HHV-8 transfusion transmission is only indirect. We conducted a serologic (anti-HHV-8) and molecular (HHV-8 DNA) study of samples from paired donor-immunocompetent recipients transfused with whole blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Samples from 252 donor-recipient pairs were tested. Immunoglobulin G to HHV-8 was detected with enzyme immunoassays and confirmed with an in-house immunofluorescence assay. The cellular fraction from seroreactive donors and their recipients was tested for HHV-8 DNA. RESULTS:Anti-HHV-8 was positive (reactive in two or more assays) in 28 (11%) patients and 16 (6%) donors. Of 12 seronegative recipients (at risk of transmission) receiving seropositive blood, one very likely transmission was identified (8.3% confidence interval, 0%-23%). The donor blood contained HHV-8 DNA and his and four other donors' sequences clustered separately from recorded genotypes with a 97% bootstrap constituting a distinct genotype. CONCLUSIONS:HHV-8 is transmitted in Ghana but does not carry clinical consequences since most patients are immunocompetent. The clinical risk will increase with the availability of immunosuppressive drugs in sub-Saharan Africa. We propose that a new genotype (HHV-8-G for Ghana) be added to the current nomenclature.

journal_name

Transfusion

journal_title

Transfusion

authors

Gobbini F,Owusu-Ofori S,Marcelin AG,Candotti D,Allain JP

doi

10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03607.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-11-01 00:00:00

pages

2294-9

issue

11

eissn

0041-1132

issn

1537-2995

journal_volume

52

pub_type

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