Abstract：
:The human brain comprises a multiscale network with multiple levels of organization. Neurons with dendritic and axonal connections form the microscale fabric of brain circuitry, and macroscale brain regions and white matter connections form the infrastructure for system-level brain communication and information integration. In this review, we discuss the emerging trend of multiscale neuroscience, the multidisciplinary field that brings together data from these different levels of nervous system organization to form a better understanding of between-scale relationships of brain structure, function, and behavior in health and disease. We provide a broad overview of this developing field and discuss recent findings of exemplary multiscale neuroscience studies that illustrate the importance of studying cross-scale interactions among the genetic, molecular, cellular, and macroscale levels of brain circuitry and connectivity and behavior. We particularly consider a central, overarching goal of these multiscale neuroscience studies of human brain connectivity: to obtain insight into how disease-related alterations at one level of organization may underlie alterations observed at other scales of brain network organization in mental disorders. We conclude by discussing the current limitations, challenges, and future directions of the field.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
van den Heuvel MP,Scholtens LH,Kahn RSdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.05.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
512-522issue
7eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(19)31384-8journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Reduction in a pre-attentive measure of auditory change detection, mismatch negativity (MMN), is one of the most consistent findings in schizophrenia. Recently, our group showed a reduction in MMN to changes in the duration and intensity of background sounds in those within 5 years of illness onset, whereas ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.08.023
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, so it was expected that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would be associated with activation of this axis; however, studies have found both increased and decreased cortisol in PTSD. To address this question, we collected saliva cortisol at h...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.05.011
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Identifying the underlying cellular mechanisms of episodic memory is an important challenge, since this memory, based on temporal and contextual associations among events, undergoes preferential degradation in aging and various neuropsychiatric disorders. Memory storage of temporal and contextual association...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.07.017
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The history of psychiatric research is filled with widely accepted etiologic and pathophysiologic theories that eventually were proven wrong. The prevailing pathophysiologic theories of schizophrenia have emphasized the role of abnormal neurodevelopment in determining the onset and course of the illness. Relatively li...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00147-x
更新日期：1999-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (BD) has been associated with a number of neurocognitive deficits not dissimilar to ADHD. This study compared neuropsychological profiles of 4 groups of adolescents (14-17 years): 41 Normal Controls (NC), 30 ADHD, 12 BD and 12 combined (BD+ADHD). METHODS:Participants were identifi...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.067
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic--pituitary--adrenal (HPA) axis has been reliably observed in patients with major depression. One of the primary features of this HPA axis hyperactivity is reduced sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of the glucocorticoid dexamethasone on the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01088-x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between various neuroleptics and antiparkinsonian drugs was analyzed by measuring the neuroleptic plasma level before and after withdrawal of antiparkinsonian drugs. The population completing the study consisted of 32 chronic schizophrenics treated with chlorpromazine (8), levomepromazine (14), thiorid...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychiatric histories of relatives of 17 boys admitted to an inpatient unit with "unsocialized aggressive" behavior and of 19 boys admitted with other problems were investigated by means of structured interviews. The interviews were rated blind and diagnoses made on the respondents and relatives described in the f...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies at the basic and clinical levels demonstrate that neuronal atrophy and cell death occur in response to stress and in the brains of depressed patients. Although the mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated, progress has been made in characterizing the signal transduction cascades that control neuronal atrophy...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00935-5
更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Affective disorders are associated with prominent psychomotor abnormalities that may be related to changes in arousal or motivation due to altered catecholamine function. METHODS:We investigated relationships between performance on psychomotor tests of motor speed (reaction time and tapping speed) and visua...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00172-3
更新日期：1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the involvement of the central dopaminergic system in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The study of prolactin (PRL) secretion may be an informative indirect method for the assessment of the dopaminergic system in children with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS:Plasma P...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00005-0
更新日期：1999-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken in order to further explore the relationship between monoamine levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HYPAC) functioning and suicidal behavior in depressed patients. One hundred and thirty-two depressed inpatients participated in the NIMH Collaborative Study on the Psychobio...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(86)90241-6
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depressive episodes as reversible mental states are likely to be associated with equally reversible brain states. These can be examined with a variety of functional imaging methods using repeated measures designs. Studies using such an approach are reviewed. Changes in medial frontal, and in particular, cingulate cort...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00320-7
更新日期：1996-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of changes in pCO2 in the development and resolution of normal (return to base line within 2 sec after S2) and abnormal (return to base line in more than 2 sec after S2) CNVs were studied. Decreased pCO2 produced by hyperventilation induced a significant reduction in the duration of the post-imperative neg...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heterogeneity is a major obstacle in the search for biological substrates in schizophrenia. The positive and negative distinction, even if too simplistic, may improve our understanding of underlying processes. Frontostriatal deficits have been related to negative symptoms, while dysfunction of the dominant temporal lo...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(94)00205-H
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Overconsumption of calorically dense foods contributes substantially to the current obesity epidemic. The adiposity hormone leptin has been identified as a potential modulator of reward-induced feeding. The current study asked whether leptin signaling within the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and midbrain is invo...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.08.028
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The DTNBP1 gene, encoding dysbindin, has been strongly implicated in schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility by a series of independent genetic association and gene expression studies. Among its known functions, dysbindin is part of a protein complex, termed the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.12.025
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:One of the most recognizable features of psychopathy is the reduced ability to successfully learn and adapt overt behavior. This might be due to deficient processing of error information indicating the need to adapt controlled behavior. METHODS:Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral components of er...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.011
更新日期：2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Language delay is a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The identification of word boundaries in continuous speech is a critical first step in language acquisition that can be accomplished via statistical learning and reliance on speech cues. Importantly, early word segmentation skills have ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.011
更新日期：2010-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A number of studies have shown that the serotonin receptor agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) can exacerbate symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of the present study was to study the effect of this compound on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients and cont...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00458-7
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pediatric anxiety disorders involve greater capture of attention by threatening stimuli. However, it is not known if disturbances extend to nonthreatening stimuli, as part of a pervasive disturbance in attention-related brain systems. We hypothesized that pediatric anxiety involves greater capture of attenti...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.07.016
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of short- and long-term administration of a low dose of tranylcypromine on brain and urine levels of several biogenic amines and on brain activity of monoamine oxidases (MAO) A and B were investigated. MAO-A and MAO-B were inhibited by greater than 85% on day 1, and this inhibition continued to increase ov...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(88)90033-9
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed whether reduced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF; hypoperfusion) in cocaine-dependent (CD) patients is associated with platelet abnormalities and whether these platelet abnormalities predict improvement in hypoperfusion after 1 month of abstinence. METHODS:We correlated platelet number...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00706-6
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Reduction of precuneus choline acetyltransferase activity co-occurs with greater beta-amyloid (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether this cholinergic deficit is associated with alteration in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling and its relation to Aβ plaque and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology during...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.016
更新日期：2015-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Low doses of psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate (MPH), are widely used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Surprisingly little is known about the neural mechanisms that underlie the behavioral/cognitive actions of these drugs. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is implicated ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.022
更新日期：2006-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is increasing evidence that antipsychotic (APD) may affect brain structure directly. To examine this, we developed a rodent model that uses clinically relevant doses and serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by postmortem histopathological analysis to study the effects of APD on brain struc...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.11.010
更新日期：2011-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This prospective study included 32 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). As compared with a healthy reference group, the patients had pronounced psychiatric symptomatology [CPRS score 17.2 +/- 9.0 (SD) versus 4.4 +/- 2.0], which was mainly affective in character. The severity of symptoms was not related to ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(88)90085-6
更新日期：1988-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) mediates its actions, including anxiolysis, via its G protein-coupled OXT receptor. Within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), OXT-induced anxiolysis is mediated, at least in part, via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway following calc...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.01.010
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder (BD) performed in conjunction with antidepressant treatment trials generally require that patients remain on mood stabilizers to reduce the risk of inducing mania; yet, it is unknown whether the metabolic abnormalities evident in unmedicated BD depressives ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.009
更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma norepinephrine (NE), free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethylene glycol (MHPG), and binding of tritiated yohimbine to platelet membranes were measured in 14 patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), who were matched for age and sex with 14 patients with unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) and 14 normal su...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(89)90158-3
更新日期：1989-01-15 00:00:00
