Abstract:
:Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is a critically important virulence factor produced by Bordetella species that cause respiratory infections in humans and other animals. It is also a prototypical member of the widespread two partner secretion (TPS) pathway family of proteins. First synthesized as a ~370 kDa protein called FhaB, its C-terminal ~1,200 amino acid 'prodomain' is removed during translocation to the cell surface via the outer membrane channel FhaC. Here, we identify CtpA as a periplasmic protease that is responsible for the regulated degradation of the prodomain and for creation of an intermediate polypeptide that is cleaved by the autotransporter protease SphB1 to generate FHA. We show that the central prodomain region is required to initiate degradation of the prodomain and that CtpA degrades the prodomain after a third, unidentified protease (P3) first removes the extreme C-terminus of the prodomain. Stepwise proteolysis by P3, CtpA and SphB1 is required for maturation of FhaB, release of FHA into the extracellular milieu, and full function in vivo. These data support a substantially updated model for the mechanism of secretion, maturation and function of this model TPS protein.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Nash ZM,Cotter PAdoi
10.1111/mmi.14318subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-01 00:00:00pages
820-836issue
3eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
112pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Certain endospore-forming soil dwelling bacteria are important human, animal or insect pathogens. These organisms produce spores containing an outer layer, the exosporium. The exosporium is the site of interactions between the spore and the soil environment and between the spore and the infected host during the initia...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论
doi:10.1111/mmi.13651
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Neisseria meningitidis express one of two porin proteins. These porins have been identified as the class 2 and class 3 proteins, and express serotype-specific epitopes. The gene for the class 3 protein was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction from the DNA of a serotype 4 strain as a 1025 bp fragment. ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01784.x
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 136 codon (408 bp) denA gene encoding endonuclease II (Endoll) of bacteriophage T4 was unambiguously identified through sequencing and subsequent cloning. Endoll prepared from cloned DNA through coupled in vitro transcription-translation nicked and cut DNA in vitro in a sequence-specific manner. In vitro (and in v...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01281.x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite their high genomic synteny, the Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum species exhibit extensive differences in mRNA expression patterns throughout the parasite's development. Yet, the underlying mechanisms for this species-specific differential gene expression are largely unknown. Here we report that Short ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07226.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The GATA factor AreA is a wide-domain regulator in Aspergillus nidulans with transcriptional activation and chromatin remodelling functions. AreA interacts with the nitrate-specific Zn(2)-C(6) cluster protein NirA and both proteins cooperate to synergistically activate nitrate-responsive genes. We have previously esta...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04957.x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because the ferric uptake regulator (fur) appears to be an essential gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistance to manganese was used as an enrichment to isolate strains carrying point mutations in the fur gene in order to assess its role in the co-ordinate expression of siderophores and exotoxin A (ETA). This report ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.381426.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In nature, organic acids are a commonly used source of carbon and energy. Many bacteria use AMP-forming acid:CoA ligases to convert organic acids into their corresponding acyl-CoA derivatives, which can then enter metabolism. The soil environment contains a broad diversity of organic acids, so it is not surprising tha...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14414
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial cytochrome cbb3 oxidases are members of the haeme-copper oxidase superfamily that are important for energy conservation by a variety of proteobacteria under oxygen-limiting conditions. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is unusual in possessing two operons that each potentially encode a cbb3 o...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03904.x
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycelial fungi play a central role in element cycling in nature by degrading dead organic material such as wood. Fungal colonization of a substrate starts with the invasion of exploring hyphae. These hyphae secrete enzymes that convert the organic material into small molecules that can be taken up by the fungus to ser...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04869.x
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the environment and during infection, the human intestinal pathogen Vibrio cholerae must overcome noxious compounds that damage the bacterial outer membrane. The El Tor and classical biotypes of O1 V. cholerae show striking differences in their resistance to membrane disrupting cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMP...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13835
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligomerization of the initiator protein, DnaA, on the origin of replication (oriC) is crucial for initiation of DNA replication. Studies in Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) have revealed that binding of DnaA to ATP, but not hydrolysis of ATP, is sufficient to promote DnaA binding, oligomerization and DNA strand separ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05068.x
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cer-Xer dimer resolution system of plasmid ColE1 is highly selective, acting only at sites on the same molecule and in direct repeat. Recombination requires the XerCD recombinase and accessory proteins ArgR and PepA. The Escherichia coli chromosome dimer resolution site dif and the type II hybrid site use the same...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.5471072.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one-third of the world's population and causes two million deaths annually. The unusually low permeability of its cell wall contributes to the ability of M. tuberculosis to grow within host macrophages, a property required for pathogenesis of infection. Mycobacterium marinum is an es...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03667.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plasmid encoded LlaI R/M system from Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis consists of a bidomain methylase, with close evolutionary ties to type IIS methylases, and a trisubunit restriction complex. Both the methylase and restriction subunits are encoded on a polycistronic 6.9 kb operon. In this study, the 5' end of the...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00748.x
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motile bacteria sense their physical and chemical environment through highly cooperative, ordered arrays of chemoreceptors. These signalling complexes phosphorylate a response regulator which in turn governs flagellar motor reversals, driving cells towards favourable environments. The structural changes that translate...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12309
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of transcription repression and derepression in vivo are not fully understood. We have obtained evidence that begins to clarify the minimum requirements for counteracting nucleosomal repression in vivo. Location of the TATA element near the nucleosome dyad does not block RNA polymerase II transcription ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01940.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel two-component system (TCS) designated as DraR-K (sco3063/sco3062) was identified to be involved in differential regulation of antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor. The S. coelicolor mutants with deletion of either or both of draR and draK exhibited significantly reduced actinorhodin (ACT) but inc...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08126.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Folate metabolism in malaria parasites is a long-standing, clinical target for chemotherapy and prophylaxis. However, despite determination of the complete genome sequence of the lethal species Plasmodium falciparum, the pathway of de novo folate biosynthesis remains incomplete, as no candidate gene for dihydroneopter...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06073.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione (GSH) is an abundant low-molecular-mass thiol which has been implicated in numerous cellular processes including protection against cytotoxic agents such as xenobiotics, carcinogens and free radicals. Utilization of GSH results in its conversion to the oxidized form (GSSG), and it is recycled to GSH by the...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.d01-1727.x
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the chemotaxis of Escherichia coli, adaptation requires the methylation and demethylation of transmembrane receptors, which are catalysed by the methyltransferase CheR and the methylesterase CheB respectively. CheR binds to major chemoreceptors through their C-terminal motif NWETF, which is distinct from the methyl...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01834.x
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacteria colonize the intestines of the infective soil-dwelling stage of entomophagous nematodes, Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, respectively. These nematodes infect susceptible insect larvae and release the bacteria into the insect blood. The bacteria kill the insect larvae and convert ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05671.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A decline in our ability to successfully treat patients with malaria infections of the parasitic protozoan Plasmodium falciparum with cheap quinoline drugs has led to a huge escalation in morbidity and mortality in recent years. Many approaches have been taken, including classical genetics, reverse genetics and molecu...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04748.x
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::srfA is a locus required for the production of the lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin. This locus is also necessary for efficient sporulation and competence development. Mutations in the 5' portion of the srfA operon affect all three of these processes, whereas mutations in the 3' portion of srfA only affect sporulation...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01630.x
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA of wild-type Streptomyces lividans 66 is degraded during electrophoresis in buffers containing traces of ferrous iron. S. lividans ZX1, a mutant selected for resistance to DNA degradation, simultaneously became sensitive to phi HAU3, a wide-host-range temperate bacteriophage. A DNA fragment conferring phi HAU3...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01065.x
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:SUMMARY:The conserved bacterial protein RloC, a distant homologue of the tRNA(Lys) anticodon nuclease (ACNase) PrrC, is shown here to act as a wobble nucleotide-excising and Zn(++)-responsive tRNase. The more familiar PrrC is silenced by a genetically linked type I DNA restriction-modification (R-M) enzyme, activated b...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06387.x
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 25 kbp DNA fragment from the chromosome of Rhodobacter capsulatus B10 carrying hydrogenase (hup) determinants was completely sequenced. Coding regions corresponding to 20 open reading frames were identified. The R. capsulatus hydrogenase-specific gene (hup and hyp) products bear significant structural identity to hy...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01199.x
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::DnaA protein (a trans-acting element) and its binding sequence, DnaA-box: (a cis-acting element) are two elements essential for the initiation of chromosomal replication in Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria. Recently these two elements have been found to be conserved in three Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01967.x
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The [NiFe]hydrogenase of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus is encoded by the structural hupSLC operon, the expression of which is induced by H2. H2 activation was no longer observable in chromosomal hupR mutants, an indication that HupR is implicated directly in the activation by H2 of hupS gene expr...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.6291996.x
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two so-called Ter sites, which bind the Escherichia coli Tus protein, are located near the replication origin of plasmid R1. Inactivation of the tus gene caused a large decrease in the stability of maintenance of the R1 mini-derivative pOU47 despite the presence of a functional partition system on the plasmid. Deletio...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3791747.x
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The archaeal transcription apparatus is chimeric: its core components (RNA polymerase and basal factors) closely resemble those of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II, but the putative archaeal transcriptional regulators are overwhelmingly of bacterial type. Particular interest attaches to how these bacterial-type effectors,...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04563.x
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00