Abstract:
:Sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) has been recognized as an opportunity to off-set global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions. Flipping (full inversion to 1-3 m) is a practice used on New Zealand's South Island West Coast to eliminate water-logging in highly podzolized sandy soils. Flipping results in burial of SOC formed in surface soil horizons into the subsoil and the transfer of subsoil material low in SOC to the "new" topsoil. The aims of this study were to quantify changes in the storage and stability of SOC over a 20-year period following flipping of high-productive pasture grassland. Topsoils (0-30 cm) from sites representing a chronosequence of flipping (3-20 years old) were sampled (2005/07) and re-sampled (2017) to assess changes in topsoil carbon stocks. Deeper samples (30-150 cm) were also collected (2017) to evaluate the changes in stocks of SOC previously buried by flipping. Density fractionation was used to determine SOC stability in recent and buried topsoils. Total SOC stocks (0-150 cm) increased significantly by 69 ± 15% (179 ± 40 Mg SOC ha-1 ) over 20 years following flipping. Topsoil burial caused a one-time sequestration of 160 ± 14 Mg SOC ha-1 (30-150 cm). The top 0-30 cm accumulated 3.6 Mg SOC ha-1 year-1 . The chronosequence and re-sampling revealed SOC accumulation rates of 1.2-1.8 Mg SOC ha-1 year-1 in the new surface soil (0-15 cm) and a SOC deficit of 36 ± 5% after 20 years. Flipped subsoils contained up to 32% labile SOC (compared to <1% in un-flipped subsoils) thus buried SOC was preserved. This study confirms that burial of SOC and the exposure of SOC depleted subsoil results in an overall increase of SOC stocks of the whole soil profile and long-term SOC preservation.
journal_name
Glob Chang Bioljournal_title
Global change biologyauthors
Schiedung M,Tregurtha CS,Beare MH,Thomas SM,Don Adoi
10.1111/gcb.14588subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-01 00:00:00pages
2296-2309issue
7eissn
1354-1013issn
1365-2486journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Accelerated mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet leads to glacier retreat and an increasing input of glacial meltwater to the fjords and coastal waters around Greenland. These high latitude ecosystems are highly productive and sustain important fisheries, yet it remains uncertain how they will respond to future chan...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13801
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drought, widely studied as an important driver of ecosystem dynamics, is predicted to increase in frequency and severity globally. To study drought, ecologists must define or at least operationalize what constitutes a drought. How this is accomplished in practice is unclear, particularly given that climatologists have...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/gcb.14747
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals must balance a series of costs and benefits while trying to maximize their fitness. For example, an individual may need to choose how much energy to allocate to reproduction versus growth, or how much time to spend on vigilance versus foraging. Their decisions depend on complex interactions between environment...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14681
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive alien plant species threaten native biodiversity, disrupt ecosystem functions and can cause large economic damage. Plant invasions have been predicted to further increase under ongoing global environmental change. Numerous case studies have compared the performance of invasive and native plant species in resp...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/gcb.13579
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global climate change poses a serious threat to the future health of coral reef ecosystems. This calls for management strategies that are focused on maximizing the evolutionary potential of coral reefs. Fundamental to this is an accurate understanding of the spatial genetic structure in dominant reef-building coral sp...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13639
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the light of daunting global sustainability challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss and food security, improving our understanding of the complex dynamics of the Earth system is crucial. However, large knowledge gaps related to the effects of land management persist, in particular those human-induced c...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/gcb.13443
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate warming can restructure lake food webs if trophic levels differ in their thermal responses, but evidence for these changes and their underlying mechanisms remain scarce in nature. Here we document how warming lake temperatures by up to 2°C, rather than changes in trophic state or fishing effort, have restructu...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15347
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although climate warming is affecting most marine ecosystems, the Mediterranean is showing earlier impacts. Foundation seagrasses are already experiencing a well-documented regression in the Mediterranean which could be aggravated by climate change. Here, we forecast distributions of two seagrasses and contrast predic...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14401
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inland waters are increasingly recognized as critical sites of methane emissions to the atmosphere, but the biogeochemical reactions driving such fluxes are less well understood. The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America is one of the largest wetland complexes in the world, containing millions of small, shallo...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13633
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change poses a considerable threat to the biodiversity of high altitude ecosystems worldwide, including cold-water river systems that are responding rapidly to a shrinking cryosphere. Most recent research has demonstrated the severe vulnerability of river invertebrates to glacier retreat but effects upon other...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14454
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For over 40 years, acid deposition has been recognized as a serious international environmental problem, but efforts to restore acidified streams and biota have had limited success. The need to better understand the effects of different sources of acidity on streams has become more pressing with the recent increases i...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12265
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the effects of the Global Climate Changes on the costal regions of Central and South Americas advance, there is proportionally little research being made to understand such impacts. This commentary puts forward a series of propositions of strategies to improve performance of Central and South American science and p...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12186
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly used to project spatial relocations of marine taxa under future climate change scenarios. However, tests of their predictive skill in the real-world are rare. Here, we use data from the Continuous Plankton Recorder program, one of the longest running and ...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13274
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying the type and strength of interactions between local anthropogenic and other stressors can help to set achievable management targets for degraded marine ecosystems and support their resilience by identifying local actions. We undertook a meta-analysis, using data from 118 studies to test the hypothesis that...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/gcb.12619
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between the timing of recurrent biological events and seasonal climatic patterns (i.e., phenology) is a crucial ecological process. Changes in phenology are increasingly linked to global climate change. However, current evidence of phenological responses to recent climate change is subjected to substa...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14423
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seawater acidification from increasing CO2 is often enhanced in coastal waters due to elevated nutrients and sedimentation. Our understanding of the effects of ocean and coastal acidification on present-day ecosystems is limited. Here we use data from three independent large-scale reef monitoring programs to assess co...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14985
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus (P) is an essential macro-nutrient required for plant metabolism and growth. Low P availability could potentially limit plant responses to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2 ), but consensus has yet to be reached on the extent of this limitation. Here, based on data from experiments that manipulated both CO2 and...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/gcb.15277
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial-derived nitrogen (N) is now recognized as an important source of soil organic N. However, the mechanisms that govern the production of microbial necromass N, its turnover, and stabilization in soil remain poorly understood. To assess the effects of elevated temperature on bacterial and fungal necromass N pro...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15206
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical forest responses to climate and atmospheric change are critical to the future of the global carbon budget. Recent studies have reported increases in estimated above-ground biomass (EAGB) stocks, productivity, and mortality in old-growth tropical forests. These increases could reflect a shift in forest functio...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14833
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::'Blue Carbon', which is carbon captured by marine living organisms, has recently been highlighted as a new option for climate change mitigation initiatives. In particular, coastal ecosystems have been recognized as significant carbon stocks because of their high burial rates and long-term sequestration of carbon. Howe...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12543
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most North American forests are at some stage of post-disturbance regrowth, subject to a changing climate, and exhibit growth and mortality patterns that may not be closely coupled to annual environmental conditions. Distinguishing the possibly interacting effects of these processes is necessary to put short-term stud...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12404
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forested catchments provide critically important water resources. Due to dramatic global forest change over the past decades, the importance of including forest or vegetation change in the assessment of water resources under climate change has been highly recognized by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC);...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13983
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecological impacts of meeting rising demands for food production can potentially be mitigated by two competing land-use strategies: off-setting natural habitats through intensification of existing farmland (land sparing), or elevating biodiversity within the agricultural matrix via the integration of "wildlife-fri...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14601
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equatorial populations of marine species are predicted to be most impacted by global warming because they could be adapted to a narrow range of temperatures in their local environment. We investigated the thermal range at which aerobic metabolic performance is optimum in equatorial populations of coral reef fish in no...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12455
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::One striking feature of coral reef ecosystems is the complex benthic architecture which supports diverse and abundant fauna, particularly of reef fish. Reef-building corals are in decline worldwide, with a corresponding loss of live coral cover resulting in a loss of architectural complexity. Understanding the dynamic...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.12698
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urban heat island effect, where urban areas exhibit higher temperatures than less-developed suburban and natural habitats, occurs in cities across the globe and is well understood from a physical perspective and at broad spatial scales. However, very little is known about how thermal variation caused by urbanizati...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14509
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last decade has seen a rapid development of scientific, logistic and tourist activities, especially in the Antarctic region with the mildest climatic conditions: the Antarctic Peninsula. This region is also exhibiting rapid regional warming and all of the already diagnosed alien species in the Antarctic Treaty Are...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.15013
更新日期:2020-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change threatens the provisioning of forest ecosystem services and biodiversity (ESB). The climate sensitivity of ESB may vary with forest development from young to old-growth conditions as structure and composition shift over time and space. This study addresses knowledge gaps hindering implementation of adap...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14656
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil carbon transformation and sequestration have received significant interest in recent years due to a growing need for quantitating its role in mitigating climate change. Even though our understanding of the nature of soil organic matter has recently been substantially revised, fundamental uncertainty remains about...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.14781
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although numerous species distribution models have been developed, most were based on insufficient distribution data or used older climate change scenarios. We aimed to quantify changes in projected ranges and threat level by the years 2061-2080, for 12 European forest tree species under three climate change scenarios...
journal_title:Global change biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/gcb.13925
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00