Land-sparing agriculture sustains higher levels of avian functional diversity than land sharing.

Abstract:

:The ecological impacts of meeting rising demands for food production can potentially be mitigated by two competing land-use strategies: off-setting natural habitats through intensification of existing farmland (land sparing), or elevating biodiversity within the agricultural matrix via the integration of "wildlife-friendly" habitat features (land sharing). However, a key unanswered question is whether sparing or sharing farming would best conserve functional diversity, which can promote ecosystem stability and resilience to future land-use change. Focusing on bird communities in tropical cloud forests of the Colombian Andes, we test the performance of each strategy in conserving functional diversity. We show that multiple components of avian functional diversity in farmland are positively related to the proximity and extent of natural forest. Using landscape and community simulations, we also show that land-sparing agriculture conserves greater functional diversity and predicts higher abundance of species supplying key ecological functions than land sharing, with sharing becoming progressively inferior with increasing isolation from remnant forest. These results suggest low-intensity agriculture is likely to conserve little functional diversity unless large blocks of adjacent natural habitat are protected, consistent with land sparing. To ensure the retention of functionally diverse ecosystems, we urgently need to implement mechanisms for increasing farmland productivity whilst protecting spared land.

journal_name

Glob Chang Biol

journal_title

Global change biology

authors

Cannon PG,Gilroy JJ,Tobias JA,Anderson A,Haugaasen T,Edwards DP

doi

10.1111/gcb.14601

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-05-01 00:00:00

pages

1576-1590

issue

5

eissn

1354-1013

issn

1365-2486

journal_volume

25

pub_type

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