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Does social support modify the relationship between food insecurity and poor mental health? Evidence from thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to determine the relationship among food insecurity, social support and mental well-being in sub-Saharan Africa, a region presenting the highest prevalence of severe food insecurity and a critical scarcity of mental health care. DESIGN:Food insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Social support was assessed using dichotomous indicators of perceived, foreign perceived, received, given, integrative and emotional support. The Negative and Positive Experience Indices (NEI and PEI) were used as indicators of mental well-being. Multilevel mixed-effect linear models were applied to examine the associations between mental well-being and food security status, social support and their interaction, respectively, accounting for random effects at country level and covariates.ParticipantsNationally representative adults surveyed through Gallup World Poll between 2014 and 2016 in thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries (n 102 235). RESULTS:The prevalence of severe food insecurity was 39 %. The prevalence of social support ranged from 30 to 72 % by type. In the pooled analysis using the adjusted model, food insecurity was dose-responsively associated with increased NEI and decreased PEI. Perceived, integrative and emotional support were associated with lower NEI and higher PEI. The differences in NEI and PEI between people with and without social support were the greatest among the most severely food insecure. CONCLUSIONS:Both food insecurity and lack of social support constitute sources of vulnerability to poor mental well-being. Social support appears to modify the relationship between food security and mental well-being among those most affected by food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.

journal_name

Public Health Nutr

journal_title

Public health nutrition

authors

Na M,Miller M,Ballard T,Mitchell DC,Hung YW,Melgar-Quiñonez H

doi

10.1017/S136898001800277X

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-01 00:00:00

pages

874-881

issue

eissn

1368-9800

issn

1475-2727

pii

S136898001800277X

journal_volume

pub_type

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Does social support modify the relationship between food insecurity and poor mental health? Evidence from thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries.