Abstract：
:Understanding the anatomy and distribution of facial fat and the alterations that occur during the aging process is essential to effectively and precisely achieve facial rejuvenation. Over the past several years, through cadaveric dissections and computed tomographic studies, much has been discovered concerning the adipose tissue of the face and how it influences the dynamic process of aging. Site-specific augmentation with fillers can now be used to refine facial shape and topography in a more predictable and precise fashion. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to facial fat compartmentalization along with clinical examples to illustrate how the knowledge of underlying anatomy influences site-specific augmentation.
journal_name
Dermatol Clinjournal_title
Dermatologic clinicsauthors
Fitzgerald R,Rubin AGdoi
10.1016/j.det.2013.09.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
37-50issue
1eissn
0733-8635issn
1558-0520pii
S0733-8635(13)00093-4journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Among the different classes and complexities of antiretroviral regimens, maximal viral suppression, sustained durability, increased CD4 count, decreased evolving resistance, and fewer side effects combined with increased compliance resulting in decreased morbidity and mortality remain the goals of therapy. Serial vira...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70314-4
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many lesions that appear in the oral cavity manifest as a nodule or swelling. A particular lesion may have the clinical characteristics of several entities, and a differential diagnosis should be generated, with a final diagnosis reached by microscopic examination. This article discusses and shows the clinical feature...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70362-4
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term viral hemorrhagic fever refers to a clinical syndrome characterized by acute onset of fever accompanied by nonspecific findings of malaise, prostration, diarrhea,and headache. Patients frequently show signs of increased vascular permeability, and many develop bleeding diatheses. The hemorrhagic fever viruses ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2004.03.003
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vitamin D endocrine system is known for its essential role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, and induces cell differentiation, inhibits cell growth, controls other hormonal systems, and modulates the immune response. Vitamin D(3) is a prohormone that is taken up by diet or synthesized in ultraviolet radi...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2007.06.004
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atopic dermatitis is associated with significant patient burden, with impacts from symptoms and visible physical manifestations of the disease. Consequences include detrimental effects on quality of life (QoL), sleep, self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, participation in leisure and sports, and attendance or perf...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2017.02.004
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improved therapy for CTCL will depend on a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease at a molecular level. It is clear that the T cells in MF and CTCL do not undergo normal programmed cell death and have prolonged lifespans. Skin flora or other antigens may stimulate the initial proliferation, offering ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70155-8
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have limited the scope of this article to those disorders that have already been successfully diagnosed or excluded in utero. We currently have the potential to diagnose a number of others for which the opportunity has not yet arisen. If a biochemical, morphologic, chromosomal, or DNA alteration is known for a spec...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to many factors, including parental anxiety, a child's inability to understand the necessity of a procedure and a child's unwillingness to cooperate, it can be much more challenging to perform dermatologic procedures in children. This article reviews pre-procedural preparation of patients and parents, techniques f...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2012.12.011
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimalarial compounds have been demonstrated to be both safe and efficacious in the treatment of lupus erythematosus as well as several other dermatologic conditions. It is imperative, however, that physicians familiarize themselves with the potential complications associated with the use of these agents. Furthermore...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light therapy is widely used in dermatology. An enhancement to his therapy is the use of a photosensitizing medication along with light therapy, known as photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is primarily used for the treatment of precancerous lesions, acne vulgaris, and nonmelonoma skin cancer, and has also been shown to i...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.det.2006.09.010
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With simple, inexpensive therapy, virtually all venous ulcers heal without the need for hospitalization, skin grafting, growth factors, hyperbaric oxygen, or debilitating bed rest. Although the future promises to yield a greater understanding about the nature of these wounds and ways to treat them, one can benefit the...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Telemedicine" is defined as the use of telecommunication technologies for the exchange of medical information across distances. Applications include patient management as well as research and education. Teledermatology is a steadily growing category of telemedicine. This article presents general aspects of telemedici...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections by VZV, the virus that causes chickenpox and herpes zoster, usually are diagnosed by the classic clinical presentations. In immunocompromised patients, however, the atypical presentation can make the diagnosis more challenging. Although varicella typically follows an uncomplicated course in children, adults...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(01)00012-2
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basis of in-office evaluation of leg vascular disease involves Doppler ultrasound to estimate flow in arteries and veins. Arterial evaluation localizes sites of obstruction by segmental pressures obtained by Doppler signal assessment using pressure cuffs. Ankle compared with brachial arterial pressure is the most ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The only spiders of real medical importance to humans in the United States are the Loxosceles and Latrodectus species, primarily the brown recluse and the black window, respectively. These spiders bite humans only when trapped or crushed against the skin. Severe brown recluse spider bites produce dermonecrosis within ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porphyria cutanea tarda is a photocutaneous syndrome characterized clinically by cutaneous fragility, bullae, hypertrichosis, pigmentary changes, and sclerodermoid plaques and characterized biochemically by hepatic overproduction and storage of excessive amounts of porphyrins. Porphyria cutanea tarda, the most common ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses complications with the use of botulinum toxin. The following topics are explored: conditions caused by muscle spasms, resistance to botulinum toxin, cosmetic use of botulinum toxin, complications in treating hyperhidrosis, treatment of migraine headaches, and informed consent. ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(03)00122-0
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent, debilitating skin disease. Several treatment modalities are available, but most of them lack high-quality evidence. A systematic search was performed to identify all randomized controlled trials for the treatment of HS in order to review and evaluate...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2015.08.012
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The success of the Mohs procedure depends on the reliability of each step in the technique. Pitfalls in histologic preparation of the tissue specimens may occur during debulking, excising, orienting, creating the map, sectioning, inking, tissue flattening and freezing, cutting, slide fixation, staining, and mapping th...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2011.01.002
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contact dermatitis is the most common occupational skin disorder, responsible for up to 30% of all cases of occupational disease in industrialized nations. Epidemiologic data suggest that contact dermatitis accounts for 90% to 95% of all cases of occupational skin disease, imposing considerable social and economic imp...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2009.05.002
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Israeli population is characterized by unique demographic features including high genetic homogeneity within many closed communities. As a consequence the molecular epidemiology of epidermolysis bullosa differs markedly in this country and surrounding areas from that reported in the Western world. ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.det.2010.02.019
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to be considered an ectodermal dysplasia, a disorder should meet the following criteria: it must be congenital; it must be diffuse (not localized) and must involve the epidermis as well as at least one of its appendages; and it must not be progressive. Included is a discussion of some well-documented, as well...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Off-label use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) at high doses has resulted in numerous anecdotal reports of its effectiveness in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Despite its growing acceptance as a viable therapeutic option in the management of several such disorders, the poorly defined mechanis...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70193-5
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atypical gingivostomatitis is recognized by a combination of clinical findings, a sharply marginated, deep red edematous quality to the attached gingiva, angular cheilitis, and a sore red tongue. Unfortunately, there are no general laboratory tests that are diagnostic of the condition, although biopsy of the gingiva s...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nail psoriasis, melanonychia striata, and onychomycosis are relatively common nail disorders that have generated much research into their pathophysiology and treatment. The authors hope this discussion of the recent therapeutic developments for treating these disorders will not only inform but will also inspire furthe...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70145-5
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pemphigus vulgaris, which has multiple clinical variants, is an autoimmune blistering disorder of skin and mucous membranes, usually affecting the elderly, with a strong immunogenetic link. Immunologic studies of this disease have been productive in defining the pathophysiology of blister formation and the characteris...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents solutions to difficult surgical repair problems. Solutions for the repair of defects in the ear (in this case the ear lobule) and upper lip are discussed. A solution is also provided for an exasperating problem that arises when cheek and neck lifts are done. An aid for the design of cutaneous fla...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diaper dermatitis is a term used to encompass a wide range of inflammatory processes that occur in the area covered by the diaper. The term "diaper dermatitis" is thus simply a description of the location of a rash. Numerous factors can be involved in the pathogenesis of dermatitis in the diaper area. These factors, i...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melanoma vaccines represent a novel and potentially effective method of slowing the progression of melanoma. This article discusses the importance in the design of vaccines for melanoma, the relative advantages and disadvantages of this approach, and summarizes the results of the most important clinical trials conduct...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8635(05)70009-7
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pruritus ani is a common dermatologic complaint that can be frustrating to treat. Effective therapy depends upon recognition of a variety of etiologic factors that may contribute to the symptom. ...
journal_title：Dermatologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
