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Safety of Antidepressant Classes Used Following Traumatic Brain Injury Among Medicare Beneficiaries: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:There is poor evidence supporting the use of any pharmacologic treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially among older adults. Informed by our recent characterization of psychotropic medication use among Medicare beneficiaries with TBI, the objective of this study was to compare the risk of several adverse events associated with use of the three most commonly used classes of antidepressants following TBI in this population. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data from US Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with TBI between 2006 and 2010 (n = 30,886). We assessed monthly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), and tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) use. We identified adverse events associated with these drug classes that were available in administrative claims data from studies in TBI and non-TBI populations: seizures, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, gastrointestinal bleed, hyponatremia, and fractures. We made comparisons between antidepressant classes to assess excess risk of each adverse event using discrete time analysis and controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS:SSRIs were the most commonly used of the antidepressant classes, followed by SNRIs and TCAs. We observed a total of 23,021 adverse events. Ischemic stroke was the most frequent (8296 events). Hemorrhagic stroke (1706 events) and seizures (1841) were least often observed. Compared with TCAs, SSRI use was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke (risk ratio 2.47; 95% confidence interval 1.30-4.70). No other antidepressant class comparisons were associated with increased risk of adverse events. CONCLUSION:Compared with SSRIs, use of SNRIs and TCAs following hospitalization for TBI among Medicare beneficiaries was not associated with an increased risk of any of the studied adverse events. Compared to TCAs, SSRI use was associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. This information may help guide patients and prescribers in selecting antidepressants for older adults following TBI.

journal_name

Drugs Aging

journal_title

Drugs & aging

authors

Albrecht JS,Rao V,Perfetto EM,Daniel Mullins C

doi

10.1007/s40266-018-0570-2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-08-01 00:00:00

pages

763-772

issue

eissn

1170-229X

issn

1179-1969

pii

10.1007/s40266-018-0570-2

journal_volume

pub_type

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Safety of Antidepressant Classes Used Following Traumatic Brain Injury Among Medicare Beneficiaries: A Retrospective Cohort Study.