Abstract:
:Despite advances in antimicrobial chemotherapy over recent decades, morbidity and mortality secondary to infection continues to rise. In addition, the incidence of infection caused by resistant organisms has also increased. Concurrently, the elderly are living longer than prior generations, often with disabling chronic diseases. The more debilitated of the geriatric population are at greater risk for infection, and more likely to acquire or develop antimicrobial resistant organisms. Gram-positive organisms are a source of resistance and commonly cause infection in older patients. Whereas resistance is a concern in all patients, in the elderly this is magnified by limitations in treatment options because of differences in pharmacokinetics and tolerance as compared with younger counterparts. Pharmacokinetic differences include changes in drug distribution and may arise as a result of diminished end organ function. Age-related decreases in renal function often impact on commonly prescribed antimicrobials. In addition, the elderly are more susceptible to drug-drug interactions because polypharmacy is common in this patient population. Streptogramins may offer a useful alternative in the treatment of infections in the elderly due to their coverage of organisms commonly causing infections in this population and because of their favourable pharmacokinetic profiles. While published experience is limited, streptogramins are not appreciably eliminated by the kidney and, therefore, they are less subject to age-related changes in renal elimination. What is required is multi-dose pharmacokinetic analysis of streptogramins in geriatric populations and subset analysis of patient use data on file. The following will provide the reader with the most recently presented data on streptogramin use and their potential. While focusing on potential use in the elderly, we have cited data and issues which we believe will be relevant in the geriatric population.
journal_name
Drugs Agingjournal_title
Drugs & agingauthors
Lomaestro BM,Briceland LLdoi
10.2165/00002512-199813060-00004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-12-01 00:00:00pages
443-65issue
6eissn
1170-229Xissn
1179-1969journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
DRUGS & AGING文献大全abstract::Healthcare systems worldwide are facing an unprecedented demographic change as globally, the number of older people will triple to 2 billion by the year 2050. The resulting pressures on acute services have been instrumental in the development of intermediate care (IC) as a new healthcare model, which has its origins i...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-013-0133-5
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease has been inseparable from aging in developed societies and, as a result, it is the commonest cause of mortality in elderly populations. Atherosclerosis is associated with the progressive vascular accumulation of cholesterol-laden lipoproteins, and is linearly associated with the plasma level of ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199710060-00005
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::CATT (Comparison of Age-related macular degeneration [AMD] Treatment Trials) examined the efficacy of ranibizumab and bevacizumab for the treatment of neovascular AMD. This prospective, randomized, but unblinded trial revealed a significant improvement in vision with both treatments in terms of visual acuity; importan...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11594720-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The choice of induction immunosuppression for kidney transplantation in elderly recipients is dictated by the consideration of the risk of infection as well as efficacy in the prevention of acute rejection, thus allowing a reduction in subsequent maintenance immunosuppression and its attendant long-term adve...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002512-200421110-00005
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitreous haemorrhage can be caused by a disruption of normal retinal vessels, bleeding from diseased retinal vessels, bleeding from abnormal new vessels or extension of haemorrhage through the retina from other sources. In the elderly, vitreous haemorrhage usually occurs spontaneously and only occurs occasionally as a...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-200320090-00003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medication-related problems are common in the growing population of older adults and inappropriate prescribing is a preventable risk factor. Explicit criteria such as the Beers criteria provide a valid instrument for describing the rate of inappropriate medication (IM) prescriptions among older adults. OBJE...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11584770-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of intermittent claudication (IC) increases with age; when questioned, older patients consider increased difficulty in walking to be a normal consequence of aging. Although the prognosis for the involved limb with IC is relatively good, IC is an important clinical predictor of increased cardiovascular m...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199914040-00002
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide and is characterised by cardinal clinical features and specific pathological findings. It is possible to detect PD early on in the course of the disease, and certain laboratory studies may identify preclinical stages. Based on this...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199609030-00002
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Statins have been associated with later life, long-term care admission in observational studies. However, by preventing vascular events, statins may also prevent or delay admission. We wished to determine statin and long-term care admission associations in a randomised controlled trial context, and describe ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0560-4
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limited data are available on the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing of renally cleared drugs in elderly patients in Australia. OBJECTIVES:To quantify and compare the extent of inappropriate prescribing (defined as at least one drug prescribed in an excessive dose or when contraindicated with respect t...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40266-015-0261-1
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reviews the burden and economic consequences of glaucoma upon healthcare systems and patients, especially elderly patients. An extensive review of the literature was conducted, primarily using MEDLINE, but also by examining selected article reference lists, relevant websites and the proceedings of specialis...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-200522040-00004
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Optimal use of digoxin in the elderly population requires information about the drug's pharmacokinetics and the influence of various factors on the drug's disposition. However, because of sampling restrictions, it is often difficult to perform traditional pharmacokinetic studies in elderly patients. OBJECTI...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11594230-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Inappropriate prescribing is an important and possibly preventable risk factor for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the elderly, and hospital-based studies have shown that a large proportion of admissions is a result of ADRs. However, little is known about how inappropriate drug use (IDU) affec...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002512-200522010-00005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperuricaemia is an independent risk factor for renal function decline. Evidence is emerging that urate-lowering therapy might be beneficial in subjects with renal impairment. We review the association between renal impairment and gout, some of the related pathogenic processes and the possible impact of gout treatme...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0517-7
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Immunosenescence makes the elderly more susceptible to influenza complications and less responsive to vaccination. An intradermal formulation (IDflu) is one of several strategies being investigated to increase the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines. OBJECTIVE:The overall goal of the study was to assess ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s40266-015-0303-8
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of older adults with diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide. A variety of factors contribute to the age-related increase in the incidence of diabetes. The lack of empiric evidence in the field has limited the management guidelines to mostly expert opinion. Given uncertainty over the rate at which to lower...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0598-3
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lisinopril, the lysine analogue of enalaprilat, is a long-acting angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor which is administered once daily by mouth. The efficacy of lisinopril in reducing blood pressure is well established in younger populations, and many trials now show it to be effective in lowering blood press...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199710020-00006
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast with women, who experience a complete and abrupt cessation of ovarian function during the menopause, aging men largely maintain their testicular androgen production. Nevertheless, most cross-sectional studies indicate that there is a partial decrease in testosterone levels with aging, although this has not...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199711010-00005
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Withdrawal of fall-risk-increasing drugs has been proven to be effective in older persons. However, given the enormous rise in healthcare costs in recent decades, the effect of such withdrawals on healthcare costs also needs to be considered. METHOD:Within a common geriatric outpatient population, patients ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002512-200825060-00005
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain (NeP) is a significant medical and socioeconomic burden with limited therapeutic options. Elderly patients exhibit a higher incidence of several NeP conditions and pose a particular challenge due to age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic issues, comorbid conditions, and polypharmacy, as well ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-014-0218-9
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elderly rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is classified into two clinical subsets, elderly-onset RA (EORA) and younger-onset elderly RA. With the improvement of life expectancy in the general population and advent of the super-aging society, the number of patients with EORA is anticipated to increase. Both large and small joi...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-015-0341-2
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are frequently used in rheumatoid arthritis. A number of physiological changes occur in the elderly which may modify the use of these medications. The most commonly used DMARDs are antimalarial drugs (particularly hydroxychloroquine), sulfasalazine and methotrexate. The p...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199507060-00003
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although dyspeptic symptoms are very common, the vast majority of patients have modest symptoms and rarely seek medical advice. The major organic causes of dyspepsia are chronic peptic ulcer disease, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and malignancy. Functional dyspepsia is very common. In the fit elderly patient, prom...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199507050-00003
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience polypharmacy, a recognized predictor of prescribing problems including inappropriately dosed medications, drug-drug and drug-disease interactions, morbidity and mortality. Polypharmacy is also associated with nonadherence, which leads to recurrent hospita...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0593-8
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elderly population is more likely to have urinary catheters used than younger populations. Most patients with short term indwelling catheters (those in place less than 30 days) will be residents of acute care institutions. The frequency of catheter-acquired bacteriuria is greater with longer durations of catheteri...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-199404050-00003
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The public health burden of osteoporosis is high, principally because of increased risk of fractures and associated morbidity, handicap and mortality. Osteoporotic fracture prevention is therefore an important public health goal. General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the management of osteoporosis, ...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002512-200724070-00007
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex heterogenous metabolic disorder in which peripheral insulin resistance and impaired insulin release are the main pathogenetic factors. The rapid response of the pancreatic beta-cells to glucose is already markedly disturbed in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The cons...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002512-200017050-00007
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have investigated the prevalence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) among the elderly in different care settings, but data describing the frequency and management of DDIs among acute geriatric patients appear to be absent. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the severity and in...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40266-013-0091-y
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin prolonged release (PR) 2 mg is approved for the treatment of primary insomnia characterized by poor sleep quality in patients aged ≥55 years in the EU and elsewhere. Patients may receive treatment with melatonin PR for up to 13 weeks. Production of endogenous nocturnal melatonin, which helps regulate circadi...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-012-0018-z
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aflibercept is a fully human, recombinant fusion protein that acts as a soluble decoy receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members, including VEGF-A, VEGF-B and placental growth factor (P1GF), thereby inhibiting downstream signalling mediated by these ligands. Aflibercept binds all isoforms of...
journal_title:Drugs & aging
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40266-014-0176-2
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00