Abstract：
:Vision is an active process. What we perceive strongly depends on our actions, intentions and expectations. During visual processing, these internal signals therefore need to be integrated with the visual information from the retina. The mechanisms of how this is achieved by the visual system are still poorly understood. Advances in recording and manipulating neuronal activity in specific cell types and axonal projections together with tools for circuit tracing are beginning to shed light on the neuronal circuit mechanisms of how internal, contextual signals shape sensory representations. Here we review recent work, primarily in mice, that has advanced our understanding of these processes, focusing on contextual signals related to locomotion, behavioural relevance and predictions.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neurobioljournal_title
Current opinion in neurobiologyauthors
Khan AG,Hofer SBdoi
10.1016/j.conb.2018.05.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-01 00:00:00pages
131-138eissn
0959-4388issn
1873-6882pii
S0959-4388(18)30082-5journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:At least one non-human primate species-the marmoset monkey-exhibits developmental processes similar to human vocal development. These processes include babbling-like early vocal output and a role for social feedback in changing this output into mature-sounding vocalizations. Such parallel behaviors provide a window th...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.07.016
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:General anesthesia is a man-made neurophysiological state comprised of unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and immobility along with maintenance of physiological stability. Growing evidence suggests that anesthetic-induced neural oscillations are a primary mechanism of anesthetic action. Each anesthetic drug class pr...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.04.011
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory neurons are usually described with an encoding model, for example, a function that predicts their response from the sensory stimulus using a receptive field (RF) or a tuning curve. However, central to theories of sensory processing is the notion of 'efficient coding'. We argue here that efficient coding implie...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.03.002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years spectacular advances in the field of epigenetics have taken place. Multiple lines of evidence that connect epigenetic regulation to brain functions have been accumulating. Neurons daily convert a variety of external stimuli into rapid or long-lasting changes in gene expression. Control is achieved thro...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2010.04.005
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Presynaptic nerve terminals release neurotransmitter synchronously, asynchronously or spontaneously. During synchronous neurotransmission release is precisely coupled to action potentials, in contrast, asynchronous release events show only loose temporal coupling to presynaptic activity whereas spontaneous neurotransm...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six highly temperature-sensitive ion channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family have been implicated to mediate temperature sensation. These channels, expressed in sensory neurons innervating the skin or the skin itself, are active at specific temperatures ranging from noxious cold to burning heat. In a...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2007.07.014
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in neural and behavioural pharmacology, and in intracellular recording suggest that arousal during the awake state may be regulated by multiple, interdependent neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem or hypothalamus, and project to subcortical and cortical sites. We discuss efforts to ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(94)90067-1
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The idea that visual signals relayed by the parvocellular and magnocellular subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus remain segregated in the cerebral cortex has attracted considerable attention. It has been proposed that parvocellular contributions dominate in the temporal visual cortex, and that magnocellular ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90188-q
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporters for monoamines, GABA, glycine and excitatory amino acids are homologous to two sizable families of bacterial amino acid transporters. Recently, a high resolution structure was determined for a thermophilic glutamate transporter. Also, a bacterial tryptophan transporter rel...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.05.009
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is often associated with cognitive deficits, particularly within the domains of memory and language. Specific cognitive deficits have recently been linked to psychotic phenomena, including verbal hallucinations and disorganized speech. Impairments of working and semantic memory are primarily due to dysfu...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00068-4
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory gating mechanisms are deployed during vertebrate locomotion to ensure that adaptive and appropriate motor responses to afferent input occur during all phases of the movement cycle. Recent animal studies on the integration of cutaneous information have investigated the roles of interneurones in sensory gating. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(05)80032-7
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:What I cannot create I do not understand - Richard Feynman 1978 Because primate cortical development exhibits numerous specific features, the mouse is an imperfect model for human cortical development. Expansion of supragranular neurons is an evolutionary feature characterizing the primate cortex. Increased production...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.09.012
更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The visual cortical network consists of a number of specialized areas that are connected in a highly structured way. Understanding the function of this network is a milestone goal of visual neuroscience. This goal is pursued at different levels of description, including large-scale neuroanatomical as well as molecular...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.019
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review covers the dynamic regulation of neuroligin isoforms, focusing on posttranslational events including phosphorylation, glycosylation and activity-dependent cleavage. There is a growing literature on how phosphorylation confers an isoform-specific level of modulation affecting a variety of protein interactio...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.017
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular processes that mediate learning and memory show a remarkable level of conservation between vertebrates and invertebrates. Recent studies have shown that learning and memory formation in invertebrates, so-called 'simple systems', involves a highly complex arrangement of cellular pathways. Some pathways contrib...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(01)00281-1
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learning is essential for animal survival under changing environments. Even in its simplest form, learning involves interactions between a handful of neuronal circuits, hundreds of neurons and many thousand synapses. In this review I will focus on habituation - a form of non-associative learning during which organisms...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.10.004
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep has been universally conserved across animal species. The basic functions of sleep remain unclear, but insufficient sleep impairs memory acquisition and retention in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Sleep is also a homeostatic process that is influenced not only by the amount of time awake, but also by neural...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.10.006
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The control of movement relies on the precision with which motor circuits are assembled during development. Spinal motor neurons (MNs) provide the trigger to signal the appropriate sequence of muscle contractions and initiate movement. This task is accommodated by the diversification of MNs into discrete subpopulation...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.04.002
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The decision to urinate is a social behavior that is calculated multiple times a day. Many animals perform urine scent-marking which broadcasts their pheromones to regulate the behavior of others and humans are trained at an early age to urinate only at a socially acceptable time and place. The inability to control wh...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2019.11.004
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opiate drugs such as morphine and heroin are among the most effective analgesics known. Prolonged or repeated administration of opiates produces adaptive changes in the nervous system that lead to reduced drug potency or efficacy (tolerance), as well as physiological withdrawal symptoms and behavioral manifestations s...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00069-2
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of plasticity in the central nervous system is a major and very dynamic neuroscience research field with enormous clinical potential. Considerable advances in this field have been made during the past 10 years. It now appears that most circuits in the brain and spinal cord show plasticity and that they can b...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.009
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The precise causal factors for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are not known, although, decades of research have honed in on the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry in the brain as a critical pathway involved in obsessions and the intimately linked compulsive-repetitive behaviors. Recent progress in...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2011.04.010
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central core (brainstem, diencephalic and basal forebrain) systems influence the functional modes of thalamic and cortical neurons during behavioral states of vigilance. Recent studies in vivo and in vitro have focused on the cellular properties of central core systems and their modulation of slow sleep oscillations, ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(93)90064-6
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sustained activity has been recorded in the prefrontal cortex during working memory tasks. First, we compare the anatomical distribution of this activity in humans and monkeys. Then, we show that it reflects many factors, maintenance of the items presented, preparation for the response, transformation of the items dur...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.003
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofilaments are proteins selectively expressed in the cytoskeleton of neurons, and increased levels are a marker of damage. Elevated neurofilament levels can serve as a marker of ongoing disease activity as well as a tool to measure response to therapeutic intervention. The potential utility of neurofilaments has d...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.02.001
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding how the brain performs computations requires understanding neuronal firing patterns at successive levels of processing-a daunting and seemingly intractable task. Two recent studies have made dramatic progress on this problem by showing how its dimensionality can be reduced. Using the retina as a model sy...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2007.07.002
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholine is the specific chemical code of spinal nerve terminal transmission at the mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ), whereas nicotinic acetylcholine receptors inserted into the membrane of muscle fibres mediate signalling for the muscle response. Glutamate has a primary role in neuromuscular transmission o...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2006.05.013
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and at least two other unidentified central pacemakers regulate the temporal structure of a circadian network that involves almost every organ in the body. Phase control is central to the efficient function of this system. Individual circadian oscillators in tissues and ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.03.003
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent approach in social neuroscience has been the application of formal computational models for a particular social-cognitive process to neuroimaging data. Here we review preliminary findings from this nascent subfield, focusing on observational learning and strategic interactions. We present evidence consistent ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.02.007
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past five years, the surrounding of the brain, that is the meninges (singular meninx) have evolved from being a physical barrier that protects the brain parenchyma to becoming a central player for both the maintenance of normal brain function and the modulation of neurological disorders. Indeed, the meninges ar...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2019.11.010
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
