Bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in elephants.

abstract：:This study investigated the relationships between Legionnaires' disease (LD) incidence and weather in Glasgow, UK, by using advanced statistical methods. Using daily meteorological data and 78 LD cases with known exact date of onset, we fitted a series of Poisson log-linear regression models with explanatory variables...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Dunn CE,Rowlingson B,Bhopal RS,Diggle P

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During an outbreak of hepatitis A that occurred in Gloucester, UK between September 1989 and January 1991, 162 clinical cases were identified through notifications and laboratory reports, a monthly attack rate of 1.05 per 10,000 residents. The highest attack rate was seen in 5-14-year-olds. There were significant corr...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Majeed FA,Stuart JM,Cartwright KA,Room R,Gilkes JR,Smith MC,Watson BE

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical and microbiological characteristics of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) due to uncommon microorganisms was assessed in a retrospective case-control study over a 9-year period in a tertiary teaching hospital. Uncommon microorganisms were defined as those representing <0·5% of all CR-BSI. Dia...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Reigadas E,Rodríguez-Créixems M,Sánchez-Carrillo C,Martín-Rabadán P,Bouza E

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Belgian data for foodborne norovirus (NoV) outbreaks became available for the first time with the introduction of an extraction and detection protocol for NoV in the National Reference Laboratory for foodborne outbreaks in September 2006. In 2007, 10 NoV foodborne outbreaks were reported affecting 392 persons in B...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Baert L,Uyttendaele M,Stals A,VAN Coillie E,Dierick K,Debevere J,Botteldoorn N

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Capture-recapture analysis has been used to evaluate infectious disease surveillance. Violation of the underlying assumptions can jeopardize the validity of the capture-recapture estimates and a tool is needed for cross-validation. We re-examined 19 datasets of log-linear model capture-recapture studies on infectious ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： van Hest NA,Grant AD,Smit F,Story A,Richardus JH

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aims to locate the knots of cumulative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case number during the first-level response to public health emergency in the provinces of China except Hubei. The provinces were grouped into three regions, namely eastern, central and western provinces, and the trends between adjac...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Liang C,Shen L

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of the seroprevalence of pertussis antibodies in a representative sample of the population from Catalonia was carried out. Ninety-seven municipalities and 30 schools were randomly selected to recruit the 2126 subjects who participated in the study. A serum sample was obtained from all individuals participatin...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Domínguez A,Vidal J,Plans P,Salleras L

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni infection occurred in a South Wales Valleys housing estate. Illness in estate residents was associated with tap water consumption [population attributable risk (PAR) 50%, relative risk (RR) 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-3.37] and residence in the upper estate (PAR 49%, RR 2...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Richardson G,Thomas DR,Smith RM,Nehaul L,Ribeiro CD,Brown AG,Salmon RL

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microsporida are known as opportunistic unicellular organisms and have recently been reclassified as fungi that have been frequently reported from patients with congenital and acquired immunity failure disorders, worldwide. However, use of immunosuppressive medications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients sign...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Hasani Z,Aghdaei HA,Balaii H,Azimirad M,Mirsamadi ES,Mirjalali H,Zali MR

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SUMMARY This study assesses the contribution of different sources of human campylobacteriosis in Denmark using two different source-attribution approaches. In total, 794 non-human isolates and 406 isolates from human cases (domestic, travel related, and cases with unknown travel history) were collected. Isolates were ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Boysen L,Rosenquist H,Larsson JT,Nielsen EM,Sørensen G,Nordentoft S,Hald T

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim was to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and risk factors for HIV infection in various population subgroups in Ethiopia. Serum panels from blood donors (n = 2610), from various population subgroups in Ethiopia were tested for anti-HIV-1/2 by ELISA. All ELISA repeatedly reactive samples were subjected f...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sentjens RE,Sisay Y,Vrielink H,Kebede D,Adèr HJ,Leckie G,Reesink HW

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether straight-line distance from residential compounds to healthcare facilities influenced mortality, the incidence of pneumonia and vaccine efficacy against pneumonia in rural Gambia. Clinical surveillance for pneumonia was conducted on 6938 children living in the catchment areas of the two largest...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Zaman SM,Cox J,Enwere GC,Bottomley C,Greenwood BM,Cutts FT

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that the reservoir hosts of cowpox virus are wild rodents, although direct evidence for this is lacking for much of the virus's geographic range. Here, through a combination of serology and PCR, we demonstrate conclusively that the main hosts in Great Britain are bank voles, wood mice and shor...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Chantrey J,Meyer H,Baxby D,Begon M,Bown KJ,Hazel SM,Jones T,Montgomery WI,Bennett M

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measles elimination relies on vaccination programmes. In Japan, a major outbreak started in 2007. In response, 5-year two-dose catch-up vaccination programme was initiated in April 2008 for children 13-16-years-old. In this study, we analysed the epidemic curves, incidence rates for each age group, virus genotype, vac...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Inaida S,Matsuno S,Kobune F

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When Pst I-generated digests of genomic DNA from each of the type strains of 49 of the Vi phage types of Salmonella typhi were probed with a PCR-amplified IS200 gene probe, all strains were found to possess at least 11 IS200 elements carried on fragments in the range 24.2-1.2 kb. Fourteen fingerprints were identified ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Threlfall EJ,Torre E,Ward LR,Dávalos-Pérez A,Rowe B,Gibert I

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prospective epidemiological studies of beach water pollution were conducted in Hong Kong in the summers of 1986 and 1987. For the main study in 1987, a total of 18741 usable responses were obtained from beachgoers on nine beaches at weekends. The study indicated the overall perceived symptom rates for gastrointestinal...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cheung WH,Chang KC,Hung RP,Kleevens JW

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the extent age, sex and co-infection affect morbidity in people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), we performed a population-based study linking HCV notifications in New South Wales, Australia with their hospital (July 2000 to June 2006), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV notification, and death records...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Gidding HF,Amin J,Dore GJ,Law MG

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following an extensive contact tracing exercise at a school in a London borough with one of highest tuberculosis (TB) rates in England, we estimated the background prevalence of latent TB infection to be significantly less than the widely accepted 10%. We screened 271 pupils aged 14-15 years in two groups: 96 pupils i...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Anaraki S,Bell AJ,Perkins S,Murphy S,Dart S,Anderson C

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two hundred and forty-eight patients from shared oncology and general medical wards were prospectively studied over a 6-month period for carriage of Clostridium difficile during an outbreak of clinical disease with an epidemic strain of the organism. Risk factors for infection were assessed. Acute leukaemia and/or its...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Heard SR,Wren B,Barnett MJ,Thomas JM,Tabaqchali S

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1993 New York and Texas each reported a human rabies case traced to a rare variant of rabies virus found in an uncommon species of bat. This study examined the epidemiology of bat rabies in New York State. Demographic, species, and animal-contact information for bats submitted for rabies testing from 1988-92 was an...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Childs JE,Trimarchi CV,Krebs JW

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Canine parvovirosis is a very contagious, severe and often lethal infectious disease of dogs caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Parvoviruses are very resistant to several disinfectants while are sensitive to halogens such as sodium hypochlorite which is often used for decontamination of veterinary clinics and...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cavalli A,Marinaro M,Desario C,Corrente M,Camero M,Buonavoglia C

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In May 1992, a small, circumscribed community outbreak of infection due to verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 phage type 49 occurred in a semi-rural area of south-east Scotland. On the basis of stool cultures, six cases were identified, one of whom was asymptomatic. One child developed the haemolytic uraemic sy...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Brewster DH,Brown MI,Robertson D,Houghton GL,Bimson J,Sharp JC

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most commonly identified infectious aetiologies of encephalitis in North America and Europe. The epidemiology of encephalitis beyond these regions, however, is poorly defined. During 2009-2012 we enrolled 313 patients in a multicentre prospective study of encephalitis in Peru, ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Montano SM,Mori N,Nelson CA,Ton TG,Celis V,Ticona E,Sihuincha M,Tilley DH,Kochel T,Zunt JR,Meningoencephalitis Working Group.

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Records of absenteeism from primary schools are valuable data for infectious diseases surveillance. However, the analysis of the absenteeism is complicated by the data features of clustering at zero, non-independence and overdispersion. This study aimed to generate an appropriate model to handle the absenteeism data c...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Song XX,Zhao Q,Tao T,Zhou CM,Diwan VK,Xu B

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test and post-mortem examination are the main diagnostic tools for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle in the British Isles. Latent class modelling is often used to estimate the bTB test characteristics due to the absence of a gold standard. However, the r...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： O'Hagan MJH,Ni H,Menzies FD,Pascual-Linaza AV,Georgaki A,Stegeman JA

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Spain, vaccination against rubella was initiated in schoolgirls in the mid-1970s. In Gipuzkoa, subsequent extensions to the vaccination schedule culminated in 1992 with the introduction of the two-dose measles, mumps and rubella vaccine in children and adolescents of both sexes. Moreover, in 1985 a programme for th...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cilla G,Dorronsoro M,Sáenz-Domínguez JR,Serrano E,Pérez-Trallero E

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a paucity of information on the risk from potable water in non-passenger merchant vessels (NPMVs) particularly with regard to Legionella and other bacteria. This retrospective study examined water samples from 550 NPMVs docked in eight UK ports. A total of 1027 samples from 412 NPMVs were examined for total a...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Collins SL,Stevenson D,Mentasti M,Shaw A,Johnson A,Crossley L,Willis C

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza virus continues to pose a significant threat to public health throughout the world. Current avian influenza outbreaks in humans have heightened the need for improved surveillance and planning. Despite recent advances in the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs, seasonal epidemics of influenza cont...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Fleming DM,Elliot AJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between March and July 2003, 671 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were diagnosed in Taiwan with a total of 84 fatalities. After the epidemic, a serological survey was conducted involving the asymptomatic household contacts. Household contacts of 13 index patients were enrolled in the study. Contact hi...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Lee CC,Chen SY,Chang IJ,Tsai PC,Lu TC,Wu PL,Chen WJ,Huang LM,Chang SC

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral hepatitis is recognized as one of the most frequently reported diseases, and especially in China, acute and chronic liver disease due to viral hepatitis has been a major public health problem. The present study aimed to analyse and predict surveillance data of infections of hepatitis A, B, C and E in Wuhan, Chin...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sumi A,Luo T,Zhou D,Yu B,Kong D,Kobayashi N

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00