Aerosol immunisation for TB: matching route of vaccination to route of infection.

abstract：:The relation between Plasmodium falciparum malaria and symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection was investigated in paediatric and adult patients in Kampala, Uganda, from 1987 to 1989. Both infections contributed largely to hospital morbidity. Of 1527 clinically suspicious in-patients, 61% were pos...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Müller O,Moser R

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary peritonitis that tends to occur especially in children, and cirrhotic spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are well recognized clinical entities. At the University College Hospital, Ibadan, cases of intra-abdominal abscess that do not fit the recognized criteria for primary peritonitis have been seen. These patie...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ajao OG,Ajao AO

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stool specimens from 90% of the population of 2 marginal communities in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, were examined by the Kato-Katz technique for the estimation of eggs per gram of faeces (epg). Average epg values for Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were calculated for each family in the community, based on the...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Forrester JE,Scott ME,Bundy DA,Golden MH

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrathecal cytokine levels and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier function were studied in 91 Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense-infected patients. The CSF concentration of the cellular immune activation marker neopterin and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 were increased over control and post-treatment levels in all pa...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Maclean L,Odiit M,Sternberg JM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of levamisole, isoprinosine and Corynebacterium parvum on Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain) experimental infection of mice were studied. In prophylactic treatment these drugs reduced the peak of parasitaemia, and had no apparent effect on mortality rate or on histopathological and electrocardiographic findings....

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Abath FG,Coutinho EM,Montenegro SM,Gomes YM,Carvalho AB

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review discusses three inter-related topics: (1) the immaturity of the neonatal and infant immune response; (2) heterologous immunity, where prior infection history with unrelated pathogens alters disease outcome resulting in either enhanced protective immunity or increased immunopathology to new infections, and ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Gil A,Kenney LL,Mishra R,Watkin LB,Aslan N,Selin LK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vector competence of Aedes aegypti populations from six locations in different bioclimatic zones and habitats of Senegal was assessed for sylvatic (ArD 140875) and epidemic (ArA 6894) dengue 2 virus (DENV-2) isolates. F1 generation mosquitoes were fed with a blood meal containing 10(6.5) and 1.6 x 10(7) tissue culture...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Diallo M,Ba Y,Faye O,Soumare ML,Dia I,Sall AA

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The direct agglutination test (DAT) has been assessed as a diagnostic procedure for visceral leishmaniasis. Fifty-six of 58 sera (96.5%) from confirmed cases of visceral leishmaniasis, whose bone marrow aspirates contained Leishmania donovani amastigotes, had agglutinating antibodies above the cut-off titre of 1:800. ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Singla N,Singh GS,Sundar S,Vinayak VK

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spread of HIV-1 infection among women of childbearing age has led to increasing numbers of children at risk of vertical transmission. This study aimed to assess child outcomes among HIV-positive (n=19) and AIDS (n=22) mothers from Central West Brazil. CD4(+) T-cell counts (FACScount, BD) and viral loads (HIV-1 RT-...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Alcântara KC,Pereira GA,Albuquerque M,Stefani MM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fever and myalgia are non-specific clinical manifestations of illness which commonly occur in patients with arboviral disease. In Egypt, such illness is often mis-diagnosed as "influenza". To determine arboviral aetiology in patients admitted with fever and myalgia, acute and convalescent sera samples were obtained fr...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Darwish MA,Feinsod FM,Scott RM,Ksiazek TG,Botros BA,Farrag IH,el Said S

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This communication reports 7 Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The clinical and laboratory findings in 6 patients did not differ from classical VL. All patients had highly elevated anti-leishmanial antibody titres, determined by immunoglobulin G-based e...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Berhe N,Hailu A,Wolday D,Negesse Y,Cenini P,Frommel D

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Study of the effects of malaria chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy on birthweight and investigation of the influence of birthweight on child survival suggest that, in a rural area of The Gambia, chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy might reduce infant mortality by about one-fifth in the children of primigravid...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Greenwood AM,Armstrong JR,Byass P,Snow RW,Greenwood BM

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigote proteinase activity was largely inhibited by low concentrations of leupeptin, antipain and two epoxysuccinates, compounds known to affect cysteine proteinases. Of these inhibitors, only two had leishmanicidal activity. trans-Dicyclohexylepoxysuccinate at 10 microgram/ml inhibite...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Coombs GH,Hart DT,Capaldo J

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic polymorphism of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis detected in cases of mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) from HIV-infected and non HIV-infected patients was evaluated. Nine samples from three HIV-infected patients and five samples from five non HIV-infected patients were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： de Oliveira FS,Valete-Rosalino CM,Schubach Ade O,Madeira Mde F,Pacheco Rda S

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six hundred and ninety-three patients with kala-azar were seen in Khartoum, Sudan, from January 1989 to February 1990. They were almost exclusively from the Nuer tribe, originating from the western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, an area not known previously to be endemic for kala-azar. Because of the civil war...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Zijlstra EE,Ali MS,el-Hassan AM,el-Toum IA,Satti M,Ghalib HW,Sondorp E,Winkler A

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Turkey has a national tuberculosis (TB) control program that follows the standards set by the World Health Organization's (WHO) global TB control program. METHODS:In this record-based retrospective study, contact screening and chemoprophylaxis of 469 TB contacts registered at the Samsun Tuberculosis Dispens...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Dundar C,Oztomurcuk D,Terzi O

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to investigate the outcome of children with Japanese encephalitis (JE) and to examine the predictors of the outcome. METHODS:We reviewed the medical records of children with laboratory-confirmed Japanese encephalitis hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in 2010. At le...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ma J,Jiang L

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to the antifolate sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), the current mass-treatment antimalarial drug, is associated with selection of point mutations in dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase. Among these mutations, the leucine 164 dihydrofolate reductase mutation (Leu-164) is associated with higher...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Nzila A,Ochong E,Nduati E,Gilbert K,Winstanley P,Ward S,Marsh K

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During April-October 1992 in Zambia, 1861 pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in 3 urban health centers in Lusaka and 5 district hospitals in various provinces were recruited to examine the association between HIV infection and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. 340 (18.3%) tested positive for HIV infection. H...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Oshitani H,Kasolo FC,Mpabalwani M,Mizuta K,Luo NP,Suzuki H,Numazaki Y

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was conducted in 1997 to compare the accuracy of presumptive diagnosis of malaria in children aged 1-9 years performed by caretakers of the children to that of health centre staff in 2 ecological zones in southern Ghana. Similar symptoms were reported in the children at home and at the health centre. In the ho...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Dunyo SK,Afari EA,Koram KA,Ahorlu CK,Abubakar I,Nkrumah FK

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance on account of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) has become a major public health concern in developing countries. The presence of ESBL-PE is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. There is no active antimicrobial surveillance mechan...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Musa BM,Imam H,Lendel A,Abdulkadir I,Gumi HS,Aliyu MH,Habib AG

更新日期：2020-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and quantitative estimation of melaminophenyl arsenical drugs used in the treatment of human and veterinary trypanosomiases. Five clinically relevant compounds (melarsoprol, melarsonyl potassium, cymelarsan, melarsen oxide...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Berger BJ,Fairlamb AH

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cross-sectional study of 729 children and adults in western Kenya investigated the impact of infection with hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma mansoni and malaria on iron status. In bivariate analyses, hookworm intensities as low as 300 eggs/g of faeces were negatively related to levels...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Olsen A,Magnussen P,Ouma JH,Andreassen J,Friis H

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile is the most commonly identified bacterial cause of nosocomial and HIV-related diarrhea. In many developing countries, antibiotic access is unregulated. Nigeria has the third highest HIV burden worldwide. Due to perceptions of low prevalence and resource incapacity, patients with diarrhea are not ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Onwueme K,Fadairo Y,Idoko L,Onuh J,Alao O,Agaba P,Lawson L,Ukomadu C,Idoko J

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cross-sectional entomological surveys were carried out during the 2006 dry and rainy seasons in Lagdo, Cameroon to measure the impact of rice cultivation on malaria transmission and to monitor vector susceptibility to insecticides. Adult anopheline mosquitoes were captured on human volunteers and by pyrethrum spray co...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Antonio-Nkondjio C,Atangana J,Ndo C,Awono-Ambene P,Fondjo E,Fontenille D,Simard F

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measured fever often forms the basis for defining clinical malaria episodes in children from endemic areas. We measured body temperature every 3 h from 08:00 to 20:00 in 69 children aged 1-5 years during the malaria season in a rural area of The Gambia. Body temperature varied on average by more than one degree Celsiu...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Schellenberg JR,Greenwood BM,Gomez P,Menendez C,Alonso PL

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sickle cell gene was first described in India in a tribal population in the south, leading to the belief that it was confined to tribal groups. The present study confirms that it is widespread in the state of Orissa and spreads throughout Hindu society, being more common in upper and scheduled castes than in triba...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Kar BC,Devi S,Dash KC,Das M

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in patients with short duration of cough was determined. Ninety-eight adult out-patients (60 men, 38 women; mean age 32 years) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, who had cough for 1-3 weeks which was unresponsive to a course of antibiotics, were succes...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Banda HT,Harries AD,Welby S,Boeree MJ,Wirima JJ,Subramanyam VR,Maher D,Nunn PA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the global effort to eliminate lymphatic filariasis, annual mass treatments are conducted with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin, combined with albendazole. The success of this strategy depends on achieving high levels of drug coverage, which reduces the number of persons with circulating microfilariae so that...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Mathieu E,Deming M,Lammie PJ,McLaughlin SI,Beach MJ,Deodat DJ,Addiss DG

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the case of a laboratory worker who received close medical follow-up after accidently inoculating her hand with a needle containing a Humera strain of Leishmania donovani amastigotes. She developed a leishmanoma and histologic evidence of local lymphatic dissemination before being treated. The spectrum of di...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Freedman DO,MacLean JD,Viloria JB

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00