Abstract：
:Six hundred and ninety-three patients with kala-azar were seen in Khartoum, Sudan, from January 1989 to February 1990. They were almost exclusively from the Nuer tribe, originating from the western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, an area not known previously to be endemic for kala-azar. Because of the civil war in southern Sudan no treatment was available locally and massive migration to northern Sudan occurred; many died on the way. All age groups were affected; there was a slight male preponderance (56%). In the clinical presentation, marked generalized lymphadenopathy was prominent (84%). Splenomegaly was absent in 4% of cases. Patients usually showed anaemia, leucopenia and/or thrombocytopenia. 623 patients were treated with sodium stibogluconate, 10 mg/kg for 30 d; relapse occurred in 4% and death in 12%. Latterly, 70 patients were treated with sodium stibogluconate at 2 x 10 mg/kg for 15 d, with relapse in 6% and death in 6%. The difference between the 2 regimens in the number of relapses and deaths was not significant. The outbreak may have been caused by a combination of factors: the introduction of the parasite from an endemic area to a non-immune population, the presence of malnutrition caused by loss of cattle and unavailability of other food sources, and possibly an ecological change in favour of the sandfly vector.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Zijlstra EE,Ali MS,el-Hassan AM,el-Toum IA,Satti M,Ghalib HW,Sondorp E,Winkler Adoi
10.1016/0035-9203(91)90293-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-05-01 00:00:00pages
365-9issue
3eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A case-control study was carried out in Kassala and Medani Maternity Hospitals in Sudan to investigate acute-phase proteins [haptoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and albumin] in three groups of pregnant women (32 in each arm) comprising those with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria or uncomplicated P. fal...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.06.004
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral gnathostomiasis is a severe form of human infection caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum. We report sequential brain imaging in serologically proven cerebral gnathostomiasis. The clinical and radiographic correlation showed the probable route taken by the parasite during its migration through the central nervous ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.09.011
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arboviruses are maintained and transmitted through an alternating biological cycle in arthropods and vertebrates, with largely incidental disease in humans and animals. As such, they provide excellent examples of One Health, as their health impact is inextricably linked to their vertebrate hosts, their arthropod vecto...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trx045
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Man-biting collections were made for 7 consecutive nights per month for 24 months at 2 sites in a Thai village regularly treated with DDT and fenitrothion yet hyperendemic for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. Only Anopheles dirus was incriminated as a vector: 1.6% were infective and 2.4% were infected (median numbe...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90367-n
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schistosomiasis among pregnant women has been inadequately investigated. In order to determine the importance of Schistosoma mansoni in this subgroup, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 972 women in Tanzania and investigated the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni, hookworm and malaria and their associations with ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.06.024
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of levamisole hydrochloride and mebendazole on Angiostrongylus malaysiensis infection in albino rats was studied. Animals at different stages of infection were treated with various oral doses of levamisole and mebendazole with the aim of finding an effective treatment regime. Levamisole was most effective f...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(82)90135-3
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The precise function of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is not known, but in vitro studies have indicated its immunomodulatory function. The host immune response to HRPII was measured and compared with the response to P. falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) in four groups of study subj...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human milk was shown to inhibit adherence of Giardia at concentrations as low as 0.5%. Unsaturated fatty acids were also found to cause significant inhibitory effects on adherence, with ED50 values less than 1 microM for arachidonic, linoleic and palmitic acids. A variety of infant feeding formulae derived from cow's ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90366-7
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood pressure patterns of three Kenyan communities have been studied: 861 members of the Luo tribe in a rural community, 281 members of the Kamba tribe in a rural community and 310 "urban" Luo living in Nairobi. The slope of linear regression of blood pressure with age was significantly different in each populati...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90390-6
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In areas endemic for Plasmodium falciparum, clinical malaria is believed to be less common in infants than in older children, but specific case definitions have rarely been determined for this age group. As malaria case definitions are known to be both age- and site-specific, assessment of the risk of disease in infan...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90902-6
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Onchocercal skin disease was measured in 72 onchocerciasis patients from western Uganda, where Simulium neavei is the main transmitting vector of Onchocerca volvulus. The onchocerciasis patients who were HIV-positive had a higher onchocercal skin score compared with those who were HIV-negative (33.7 vs. 19.4, P < 0.00...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90157-x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The compounds derived from the Chinese medicinal plant qinghao (Artemisia annua) are the most rapidly acting of all antimalarial drugs. They are effective when given parenterally, orally or by suppository. No serious adverse effect has yet been reported in humans. The artemisinin derivatives already have an establishe...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90459-6
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common comorbidities in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T lymphocytes below 200 cells/μl. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis reduces the mortality rate in HIV-positive people. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz082
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone marrow cultures in 15 Plasmodium falciparum patients were studied both during and after parasitaemia. Abnormalities were observed only in the group during parasitaemia. These abnormalities included: (1) decreased normoblastic number and cellular iron incorporation in all cases; (2) premature death of normoblasts ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(76)90048-1
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dengue is a major cause of acute febrile illness in Sri Lanka. Dengue has historically been considered an urban disease. In 2012-2013, we documented that acute dengue was surprisingly associated with self-reported rural residence in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. METHODS:Patients admitted with an acute...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz123
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) accounts for the majority of childhood malignancies seen in sub-Saharan Africa. In Malawi, cyclophosphamide (CPM), the mainstay of treatment for endemic BL, is effective in around 50% of cases. Evidence exists in support of an association between activation of replication of Epstein-Barr virus ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.06.020
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A possible association between nutritional status and Schistosoma mansoni infection or morbidity was investigated by comparing anthropometric indices among 362 children from 3 primary schools in Machakos District, Kenya. Matithini was a prosperous school in an area (Kangundo) of moderate intensity of schistosome infec...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90305-v
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was undertaken to assess the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of human intestinal parasites in Addis Ababa and Ziway, Ethiopia. A total of 6480 cockroaches were trapped from the two localities from October 2006 to March 2007. All the cockroaches trapped in Addis Ababa (n=2240) and almost 50% (2100/424...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.05.009
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In urbanized, low-income cities with high rates of congestion, delivery of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) by unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to people with epilepsy for both emergency and non-urgent distribution may prove beneficial. METHODS:Conakry is the capital of the Republic of Guinea, a low-income sub-S...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz131
更新日期：2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract：:In South Africa, in urban but not rural areas, hypertension is far more common in Black than in White adults. To throw light on this adverse situation, blood pressures are being determined in various segments of Black populations, in the present instance on series of school pupils aged 16 to 17 years, in rural and urb...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(80)90147-9
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospital-acquired complications (HACs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. However, their burden is often overlooked in resource-limited settings. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors and effects of HACs on direct medical costs. METHODS:This was a prospective cohor...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/traa116
更新日期：2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract：:When cross-sectional surveys are used to evaluate malaria intervention programmes in the community, the prevalence of morbidity is difficult to assess because of the fluctuating nature of malarial fever. We have therefore investigated the impact of bed net usage on 2 surrogate markers of malarial morbidity: (i) elevat...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90461-7
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitamin A supplements are reported to reduce febrile episodes of malaria and parasite counts, especially in children aged 12-36 months. Red palm oil (RPO) is a good source of vitamin A, is rich in alpha- and beta-carotene and is as effective as high-dose retinyl palmitate supplements in improving vitamin A status. In ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90312-3
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active community and self-reporting surveillance techniques have been used to describe the dynamics of febrile illness and associated malaria infection in children aged 2 to 15 years from a rural area of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Both history of fever and fever in association with parasitaemia appeared ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90292-5
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The strain diversity of 100 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates collected over a period of 18 months from tuberculosis (TB) cases in Sri Lanka was studied by spoligotyping. When compared to the international spoligotyping database, 43 spoligotype patterns were identified, of which 20 were previously described. The maj...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.025
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteraemia associated with severe malaria in childhood is a sporadically reported phenomenon but its incidence and clinical importance are unknown. We have reviewed clinical and laboratory data from 783 Kenyan children sequentially admitted with a primary diagnosis of severe malaria. The overall incidence of bacterae...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90024-x
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1991, a study on Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) and infection rates was carried out in the human and mosquito populations of a Polynesian village where, 10 years before, the mf prevalence rate was 6.4% and twice-yearly mass treatment with 3 mg/kg of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) was interrupted. Venous blood sa...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90245-8
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:WHO recommends that anthelmintic treatment be included in strategies to improve maternal nutrition in areas where hookworms are endemic and anaemia is prevalent. At present, few countries have adopted this recommendation, partly owing to the lack of data to support the adverse effects of hookworms on maternal health. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90164-6
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A progressive spastic myelopathy is one of the principal manifestations of the human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Recent research is reviewed on the geography and epidemiology of this specific form of tropical spastic paraparesis. First recognized in the Caribbean, Colombia and Japan, it is now also confirmed as ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90467-5
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A Swedish tourist who had visited Kenya fell ill with Plasmodium falciparum malaria 11 days after returning home, in spite of taking pyrimethamine (50 mg weekly) as malaria prophylaxis. Chloroquine treatment (25 mg base/kg body-weight) giving serum concentrations of 0.30 mumol/l cleared the patent parasitaemia and the...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(81)90093-6
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
