Abstract:
:A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and quantitative estimation of melaminophenyl arsenical drugs used in the treatment of human and veterinary trypanosomiases. Five clinically relevant compounds (melarsoprol, melarsonyl potassium, cymelarsan, melarsen oxide, and sodium melarsen) can be separated with an octadecylsilane reverse-phase column and detected down to 10 pmol per injection. The chromatographic system utilizes a propanol gradient in water, with lithium camphor sulphonate as ion modifier, and detection by ultraviolet absorbance at 280 nm. Preliminary results indicate that the arsenical compounds can be extracted and concentrated from serum using octadecylsilane solid-phase extraction cartridges. This method represents the first specific and sensitive assay system for separating and quantitatively estimating this important class of antiparasitic agents.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Berger BJ,Fairlamb AHdoi
10.1016/0035-9203(94)90117-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-01 00:00:00pages
357-9issue
3eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in patients with short duration of cough was determined. Ninety-eight adult out-patients (60 men, 38 women; mean age 32 years) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, who had cough for 1-3 weeks which was unresponsive to a course of antibiotics, were succes...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90727-1
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum parasites exist as genetically distinct haploid clones in infected people. In the Kilombero valley in south-east Tanzania, at least 85% of the inhabitants of Michenga village harbour more than one clone. Using 2 highly polymorphic unlinked markers, it has been estimated that each infected person ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90321-8
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:In Nigeria, little is known about the development of new or additional physical disability during leprosy treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and evaluate factors associated with worsening of physical disability during leprosy treatment in Nigeria. Methods:This was a retro...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/trstmh/try085
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis among pregnant women has been inadequately investigated. In order to determine the importance of Schistosoma mansoni in this subgroup, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 972 women in Tanzania and investigated the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni, hookworm and malaria and their associations with ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.06.024
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The availability of a defined medium (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1976) has enabled studies on the nutritional requirements of promastigotes of L. donovani and L. braziliensis (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1977). As outlined elsewhere (STEIGER & MESHNICK, 1977), the present paper describes preliminary experiments dealing with the utiliz...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(77)90049-9
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and co-trimoxazole were both effective in reducing fever, clearing parasitaemia and improving anaemia in children aged < 5 years with uncomplicated malaria in 2 Kenyan endemic sites, Oyugis in the west and Tiwi on the coast. We compared the efficacy of these 2 regimens (in May-July 1998)...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90107-5
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey for intestinal parasites was carried out in a homogenous rice cultivation area, in which people had equal opportunities of acquiring the local endemic helminthiases, including schistosomiasis mansoni. The numbers of Schistosoma mansoni eggs excreted in faeces were counted. Infections with S. mansoni, Ascaris ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(90)90039-h
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in tropical and sub-tropical regions that occurs both as epidemic episodes and sporadic cases. The aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of total immunoglobulin (Ig) anti-hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV) and the risk factor...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.08.006
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activities of serum and urinary alpha-esterases were studied in 49 bilharzial bladder cancer patients, 92 bilharzial patients with other, different, urologic diseases and 22 normal healthy controls. Among the group studied, the bilharzial bladder cancer patients showed the highest level of urinary-alpha-esterases ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(78)90176-1
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global travel and migration trends have meant a huge increase in the numbers of people exposed to tropical parasitic diseases. Thus, there is an increasing need for robust, reproducible and reliable diagnostic techniques in the field. Advanced molecular and lateral flow techniques have pushed the boundaries of clinica...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/trstmh/try129
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective series of 156 patients systemically envenomed following the bite of a Papuan taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus canni) were studied. All patients were treated with appropriate antivenom and clinical course and outcome were compared. The proportion of patients requiring intubation was significantly smaller, an...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90562-6
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indoor-resting anopheline mosquitoes were collected from Obuasi, Ghana, and were identified morphologically and by PCR as Anopheles funestus Giles. Wild-caught females were induced to lay eggs. Samples of F1 progeny from each family were divided into cohorts and were either exposed to DDT and permethrin or were stored...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.02.022
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites isolated in Robinson's medium from faeces containing cysts, transported from India, have been tested in vitro against the drugs furazolidone, iodochlorhydroxyquin, and both drugs combined as Dependal. Results show the levels at which drug action is significant and that interaction be...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(76)90007-9
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand is highly resistant to available antimalarial drugs. Artemether, a derivative of artemisinin, is a promising compound currently used to cope with this situation but the course of treatment has to be at least 5 d. An effective short treatment course of this drug is possible when used i...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90549-9
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with peptic ulcer and gastric cancer and may be the most common human bacterial infection. The epidemiology of H. pylori has been poorly studied in Africa, where its relevance to disease has not been fully appreciated. Following a cross-sectional study design, H. pylori infec...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.05.003
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:HIV-associated TB is a serious public health problem in Myanmar. Study objectives were to describe national scale-up of collaborative activities to reduce the double burden of TB and HIV from 2005 to 2016 and to describe TB treatment outcomes of individuals registered with HIV-associated TB in 2015 in the Ma...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trx073
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hospital-acquired complications (HACs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. However, their burden is often overlooked in resource-limited settings. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors and effects of HACs on direct medical costs. METHODS:This was a prospective cohor...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa116
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Onchocercal skin disease was measured in 72 onchocerciasis patients from western Uganda, where Simulium neavei is the main transmitting vector of Onchocerca volvulus. The onchocerciasis patients who were HIV-positive had a higher onchocercal skin score compared with those who were HIV-negative (33.7 vs. 19.4, P < 0.00...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90157-x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marked spatiotemporal variabilities in mosquito infection of arboviruses, exemplified by the transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) in America, require adaptive strategies for mosquito sampling, pool screening and data analyses. Currently there is a lack of reliable and consistent measures of risk exposure, which may c...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.03.019
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dynamic model of the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was used to investigate some of the possible implications of the loss of vaccine-induced immunity on the effectiveness of mass HBV vaccination in high endemicity countries. The model, which describes the processes of horizontal and vertical transmission of...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90539-8
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hump-nosed pit vipers (Hypnale hypnale) are highly venomous snakes found in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats region of India. They are the most common cause of venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka, mainly causing local envenoming leading to pain, swelling and necrosis. Systemic envenoming causing acute kidney inj...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/try120
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Union Territory of India, are home to six primitive tribes, namely the Great Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas and Sentinelese (Negrito race), and the Shompens and Nicobarese (Mongoloid race). These tribes account for about 8% of the island's population and the Nicobarese constitute >95% of t...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.044
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leishmanial antigen in circulating immune complexes (CIC) from sera of cotton-rats experimentally infected with Leishmania donovani and visceral leishmaniasis patients (VLP) was detected using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PEG-ELISA). The immune complexes were precipitated in the cold ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90502-9
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artemisinin derivatives are becoming the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in areas with widespread resistance to chloroquine. Although generally safe and well tolerated, it has been suggested from animal experiments, and more recently from one human study with artemether-lumefantrine, that these compound...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.02.017
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a 'blinded' trial (in Sri Lanka, 1996-98) of 47 male asymptomatic microfilaraemic subjects with Wuchereria bancrofti infection, the safety, tolerability and filaricidal efficacy of 3 single-dose combination regimens were compared: albendazole 400 mg with ivermectin 200 micrograms/kg, albendazole 400 mg with diethyl...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90257-3
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum and urinary RNase activity was determined in 15 normal children and in 52 children in various clinical stages of schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. The activity of serum RNase was compared with that of serum GOT, GPT and AP. The activity of serum and urinary RNase in the different schistosomal groups was significant...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(78)90018-4
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Preventive chemotherapy (PC), the large-scale administration of anthelminthics, is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH). Since 2010, donated anthelminthics for STH have boosted the implementation of PC programmes in children, achieving glo...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trx082
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ochratoxin A (OA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate plant food products. OA concentrations were assessed in commonly consumed food items in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease is diagnosed at epidemic proportions. Ninety-eight randomly...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.007
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Achromobacter xylosoxidans is described as being resistant to antiseptics and disinfectants. We studied in vitro the ability of five strains to survive and grow in such solutions, with and without starvation. METHODS:Bacterial suspensions in rich media and in distilled water were inoculated into eight antis...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trz016
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2005, a Marburg haemorrhagic fever (MHF) outbreak occurred in Uíge province, Angola, which had its epicentre in Uíge municipality. Concurrently, a health facility located a considerable distance from the outbreak's epicentre reported a drastic reduction in attendance, possibly due to a remote effect of the ongoing ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.09.001
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00