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Vaccination against hepatitis B virus in highly endemic areas: waning vaccine-induced immunity and the need for booster doses.

Abstract：

:A dynamic model of the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was used to investigate some of the possible implications of the loss of vaccine-induced immunity on the effectiveness of mass HBV vaccination in high endemicity countries. The model, which describes the processes of horizontal and vertical transmission of HBV in a rapidly growing population, was based on one previously published, modified to allow for waning vaccine-induced immunity. All model parameters were empirically based. Summaries of published data provided estimates of the mean duration of immunity in vaccine responders and age-dependence in the risk of developing acute HBV disease. Simulations of the temporal and long-term impact of mass infant immunization on the prevalence of HBV chronic carriage and acute disease suggested that booster doses are of little benefit in coping with waning vaccine protection. The key factor is that vaccine-induced protection should be long enough to prevent infection in the first few years of life, when the risk of developing chronic carriage is highest.

journal_name

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg

journal_title

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors

Edmunds WJ,Medley GF,Nokes DJ

doi

10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90539-8

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-07-01 00:00:00

pages

436-40

issue

4

eissn

0035-9203

issn

1878-3503

journal_volume

90

pub_type

杂志文章

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