Abstract:
:Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with peptic ulcer and gastric cancer and may be the most common human bacterial infection. The epidemiology of H. pylori has been poorly studied in Africa, where its relevance to disease has not been fully appreciated. Following a cross-sectional study design, H. pylori infection was measured by (13)C-urea breath test among 857 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics. Location, water use practices, anthropometry, and social and demographic variables were assessed as covariates. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 17.5%. Multiple logistic regression showed that H. pylori was positively associated with location of enrollment clinic along the main road leading from the southern seaport (odds ratio (OR)=2.5), presence of costlier household lighting in the home (OR=1.6) and height (10 cm) (OR=1.5). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was unexpectedly low for a developing country population, where prevalence is typically very high. Higher prevalence along the road from the southern seaport suggests that infection was imported from the mainland. The reason for very low prevalence should be investigated further because the discovery of bacterial or dietary factors that limit infection in this population could have useful public health applications.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Farag TH,Stoltzfus RJ,Khalfan SS,Tielsch JMdoi
10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.05.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
915-22issue
9eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503pii
S0035-9203(07)00146-0journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A Vietnamese child presented with a history of abdominal pain. Shortly afterwards, he vomited eight live trematode flukes that were collected and morphologically identified as Fasciolopsis buski. The identification was confirmed by DNA analysis. Adult worms of F. buski from humans are very rarely seen except at autops...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)00022-1
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and quantification of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium DNA in faecal samples was developed and evaluated as an alternative diagnostic method to study the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Primers and probes targeting the cytochrome c oxidase gene were designed for...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.10.011
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An attempt was made to estimate the prevalence of hydatid disease in nomadic pastoralists living in eastern Africa and to identify environmental, cultural and behavioural factors which may influence Echinococcus transmission. 18,565 nomadic pastoralists, from 12 different groups living in the vast, semi-desert regions...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(89)90664-0
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fibre-web technique for sampling, storing and transport of venous or capillary blood has been evaluated, in 84 schoolchildren from the Mwanza region of Tanzania, with regard to diagnostic efficacy for determination of the schistosome circulating anodic antigen (CAA) under conditions similar to those prevailing in ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90323-2
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent of cryptic leishmaniasis in blood donors from a Spanish endemic area, (Eivissa Island) was studied using various immunological and parasitological methods. Sera from 656 blood donors were analysed: 16 (2.4%) were positive by ELISA and 50 (7.6%) by Western blot. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)00015-4
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to investigate complement activation in uncomplicated, early phases of human malaria. Fifteen healthy volunteers were experimentally infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Parasitemia and complement activation products were assessed. During blood stage parasitemia, volunteers show...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.02.023
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spread of HIV-1 infection among women of childbearing age has led to increasing numbers of children at risk of vertical transmission. This study aimed to assess child outcomes among HIV-positive (n=19) and AIDS (n=22) mothers from Central West Brazil. CD4(+) T-cell counts (FACScount, BD) and viral loads (HIV-1 RT-...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.03.016
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leptospirosis has a mortality rate of 5-20%. Poor prognostic factors are older age; oliguria; elevated potassium, creatinine and/or bilirubin levels; and altered mental status. We conducted this retrospective study to analyse the predictors of mortality among Indian patients with leptospirosis. METHODS:Clin...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru144
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of antimicrobial resistance among commensal bacteria is an indicator of the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Rapid screening methods for detection of antimicrobial-resistant faecal Escherichia coli directly on MacConkey plates have been successfully adopted but suffer from lack of standardisation. Th...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.06.027
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi, which were inoculated into Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis respectively, were found in the peripheral blood of the rodents until the ninth day after infection, but no microfilarial periodicity was observed. Microfilariae of W. bancrofti disappeare...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(80)90054-1
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty human strains of Leishmania infantum isolated in 1985-99 from 17 patients with repeated cutaneous, mucosal or visceral leishmaniasis episodes in Catalonia (Spain) were examined by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Six zymodemes were revealed: MON-1, MON-24, MON-28, MON-29, MON-33 and MON-34. In 2 patients 2 different z...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90235-x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six hundred and ninety-three patients with kala-azar were seen in Khartoum, Sudan, from January 1989 to February 1990. They were almost exclusively from the Nuer tribe, originating from the western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, an area not known previously to be endemic for kala-azar. Because of the civil war...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(91)90293-8
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 1,197 wild animals from Pará State north Brazil, were examined for haematozoa. Trypanosoma cruzi-like parasites were found in 13 different species, and were particularly common in a variety of marsupials (Didelphidae), porcupines (Coendou spp.), armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) and coatimundis(Nasua nasua)...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(79)90211-6
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole are recommended to interrupt transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti, little is known about the macrofilaricidal effect of this drug combination. Forty-seven men with W. bancrofti infection were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of either DEC alone (6 mg/kg) (n=2...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.04.006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective series of 156 patients systemically envenomed following the bite of a Papuan taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus canni) were studied. All patients were treated with appropriate antivenom and clinical course and outcome were compared. The proportion of patients requiring intubation was significantly smaller, an...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90562-6
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and the amoebic gel diffusion (AGD) test were assessed as tools for differentiating between past and present infection in invasive amoebiasis; in the case of the IFA test the Entamoeba histolytica-specific IgG and IgM were monitored. In a pilot study in which sera from 56 p...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(84)90115-9
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was conducted in rural Malawi to verify (a) whether the Partec CyFlow Counter((R)) for CD4+ T-cell lymphocyte counting in HIV-positive individuals could be introduced into a district hospital laboratory and (b) whether it would produce CD4 counts of acceptable quality. CD4+ cell counting was performed using th...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.11.014
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neither high theoretical efficacy of disease control tools, nor diagnostic accuracy, nor good compliance, nor adequate coverage can lead on its own to the final goal of community effectiveness. There is a complex relationship between these factors. The different steps in the process leading to effective health care in...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(93)90070-7
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports on adverse reactions following a 12-day course of 6 mg/kg diethylcarbamazine (DEC) therapy in brugian filariasis patients in Indonesia. Microfilaria-positive individuals (n = 26), 'endemic normals' (n = 12) and elephantiasis patients (n = 17) were included in the study. Fever, headache and body ache...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90194-3
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of illness and pathology in malaria is now largely attributed to high levels of circulating tumour necrosis factor (TNF), released from cells of macrophage lineage after triggering by the products of malarial schizogony. The role of lymphocytes and their products in malarial pathology is not yet known. This...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(92)90144-2
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinine (n = 246) was used to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and chloroquine (n = 130) was used to treat P. vivax, in a total of 376 episodes of malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy, in 300 Karen women (Thailand, 1995-2000). Parasites were still present on day 6 or 7 in 4.7% (11/234) of episodes trea...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90297-x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The severity and consequences of human Trichuris infection vary widely. This may reflect differences in immune response. T. muris is a natural parasite of mice which provides a close, well defined, easily manipulated model for otherwise uninvestigatable aspects of this response. Normal mice reject the parasite in 3 we...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90074-4
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus was first reported to have mainly haemolytic and neurotoxic physiopathological activities. Later studies demonstrated the systemic myotoxic action of the venom, characterized by the release of myoglobin from damaged skeletal muscle into serum and...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90044-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue fever (DF) is an urban vector-borne disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Both species deposit their eggs in favorable breeding sites either in natural or artificial containers. An understanding of their habitat characteristics is crucial in curbing DF outbreaks METHODS:A search ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-six isolates of Leishmania parasites of Peruvian origin were studied by isoenzyme electrophoresis of four marker enzymes (ASAT, ALAT, G6PD and GPI), kinetoplast DNA hybridization and monoclonal antibody binding and compared with marker strains of the New World organisms L. b. braziliensis, L. b. guyanensis, L. ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90270-7
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Niclosamide was used to interrupt transmission of Schistosoma haematobium by Bulinus senegalensis in seasonal rainwater pools for a period of three years. Snail populations were progressively reduced to approximately 1% of the numbers in untreated pools. There was little or no evidence of acquisition of new infection ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(84)90282-7
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of mortality despite availability of effective chemotherapy. This study was performed to identify contributing factors for poor outcome during anti-tuberculosis treatment at a teaching hospital chest clinic. Medical records of registered patients treated for TB between 1 January...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.07.017
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Swedish tourist who had visited Kenya fell ill with Plasmodium falciparum malaria 11 days after returning home, in spite of taking pyrimethamine (50 mg weekly) as malaria prophylaxis. Chloroquine treatment (25 mg base/kg body-weight) giving serum concentrations of 0.30 mumol/l cleared the patent parasitaemia and the...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90093-6
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 209 patients with liver disease attending the Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, 172 were suffering from acute hepatitis. The proportion harbouring the hepatitis B surface antigen was unknown. Of the remainder, 10 were suffering from chronic active hepatitis, five from primary hepatoma and six from cirrhosis. Infection ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90202-9
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Manual white blood cell (WBC) differential counts as a predictor for neonatal sepsis development in a low-resource setting have not been thoroughly evaluated. We hypothesized that manual differentiation (specifically immature:total [I:T] neutrophil ratios) would be feasible and useful as an adjunct to predic...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa023
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00