The spectrum of liver disease in the United Arab Emirates.

abstract：Background:HIV-associated TB is a serious public health problem in Myanmar. Study objectives were to describe national scale-up of collaborative activities to reduce the double burden of TB and HIV from 2005 to 2016 and to describe TB treatment outcomes of individuals registered with HIV-associated TB in 2015 in the Ma...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Theingi P,Harries AD,Wai KT,Shewade HD,Saw S,Win T,Thein S,Kyi MS,Nyunt Oo H,Aung ST

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The response in vitro of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, mefloquine and quinine was studied in a hyperendemic peri-urban area of Accra, Ghana, during the fourth quarter of 1991, yielding a total of 159 valid tests. Schizont maturation in drug-free controls and effective chloroquine concentrations were strongly c...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Wernsdorfer WH,Landgraf B,Wiedermann G,Kollaritsch H

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We sought to determine the prevalence of drug resistant TB among outpatients initiating TB treatment in Lilongwe, Malawi. METHODS:This was a prospective cohort study of patients 18 years and older initiating TB treatment at Martin Preuss Centre, the primary integrated HIV/TB clinic in Lilongwe, Malawi, from...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Barnett B,Gokhale RH,Krysiak R,Kanyemba C,Chikaonda T,Bokosi M,Mukuzunga C,Saidi F,Phiri S,Hoffman IF,Hosseinipour MC

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationships between intestinal parasitism and excreta disposal technologies in Gaborone (Botswana), Ndola (Zambia) and Kumasi (Ghana) were investigated. Parasitic prevalence and intensity rates amongst groups of urban residents having similar socio-economic status and housing, but different excreta disposal tech...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Feachem RG,Guy MW,Harrison S,Iwugo KO,Marshall T,Mbere N,Muller R,Wright AM

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus was first reported to have mainly haemolytic and neurotoxic physiopathological activities. Later studies demonstrated the systemic myotoxic action of the venom, characterized by the release of myoglobin from damaged skeletal muscle into serum and...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Cupo P,Azevedo-Marques MM,Hering SE

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe anaemia in pregnancy is an important preventable cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Different methods of screening for severe anaemia in pregnancy were evaluated in a 2-phased study conducted in Kilifi, Kenya. In phase 1 (in 1994/95), pallor testing was evaluated alone and in addition to r...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Shulman CE,Levene M,Morison L,Dorman E,Peshu N,Marsh K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An improved enzyme immunoassay technique (EIA) was used in the diagnosis of 311 suspected Russell's viper bite cases in Myanmar [Burma], 181 of whom (58%) had systemic envenoming. Russell's viper venom was detected in the sera of 175 (56.3%), cobra or green pit viper venoms in 4 (1.3%), and no venom in the remaining 1...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Tun-Pe,Ba-Aye,Aye-Aye-Myint,Tin-Nu-Swe,Warrell DA

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The precise function of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is not known, but in vitro studies have indicated its immunomodulatory function. The host immune response to HRPII was measured and compared with the response to P. falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) in four groups of study subj...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Das P,Grewal JS,Chauhan VS

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging virus strain termed highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HP-H5N1) has spread widely in the past decade and is now the focus of considerable concern in several sectors. We tested the hypothesis that spatial distributions of veterinary and human HP-H5N1 cases are related to coarse-scale environmental fea...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Williams RA,Fasina FO,Peterson AT

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The new OptiMAL-IT(R) rapid diagnostic test for malaria was evaluated in 271 patients in Thailand with uncomplicated malaria between June and July 2002. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum parasites were 88% and 92%, respectively. For species other than P. falciparum, the sensiti...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Pattanasin S,Proux S,Chompasuk D,Luwiradaj K,Jacquier P,Looareesuwan S,Nosten F

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand is highly resistant to available antimalarial drugs. Artemether, a derivative of artemisinin, is a promising compound currently used to cope with this situation but the course of treatment has to be at least 5 d. An effective short treatment course of this drug is possible when used i...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Karbwang J,Na-Bangchang K,Thanavibul A,Ditta-in M,Harinasuta T

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe febrile illness is a major cause of adult hospital admission in Africa. Studies of non-malarial fever come largely from children or from high HIV prevalence settings. This prospective study of adult admissions with severe febrile illness in a malaria-endemic area with moderate/low HIV prevalence investigated ad...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Nadjm B,Mtove G,Amos B,Walker NF,Diefendal H,Reyburn H,Whitty CJ

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in tropical and sub-tropical regions that occurs both as epidemic episodes and sporadic cases. The aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of total immunoglobulin (Ig) anti-hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV) and the risk factor...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Villalba MC,Guan M,Pérez A,Corredor MB,Frometa SS,Moreno AG,Hu WP,Howard T,Lay LA,Anderson D

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and quantitative estimation of melaminophenyl arsenical drugs used in the treatment of human and veterinary trypanosomiases. Five clinically relevant compounds (melarsoprol, melarsonyl potassium, cymelarsan, melarsen oxide...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Berger BJ,Fairlamb AH

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ultrasound utilization studies in the developing world are important to support appropriate use. METHODS:A prospective, cross-sectional study in the medical wards at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, was performed which aimed to assess referrals, reports and usefulness of scans to develop ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Brindle HE,Allain TJ,Kampondeni S,Kayange N,Faragher B,Bates I,Joekes E

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cold, acidified anthrone was used to test 200 wild-caught sandflies (Phlebotomus ariasi females) for the presence of fructose. This sugar, or others with a fructose moiety, were demonstrable in 157 (79%) of the flies; proportions of flies positive in different tests ranged from 44 to 91%. Higher proportions of flies g...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Young CJ,Turner DP,Killick-Kendrick R,Rioux JA,Leaney AJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi, which were inoculated into Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis respectively, were found in the peripheral blood of the rodents until the ninth day after infection, but no microfilarial periodicity was observed. Microfilariae of W. bancrofti disappeare...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Zielke E

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha, beta-Arteether is an ethyl ether derivative of artemisinin which is an efficient schizontocidal drug in mild falciparum malaria. The present study reports the efficacy of the drug in severe falciparum malaria. Fifty patients with severe falciparum malaria were given intramuscular arteether, 150 mg, once daily o...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Mohanty S,Mishra SK,Satpathy SK,Dash S,Patnaik J

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fever and myalgia are non-specific clinical manifestations of illness which commonly occur in patients with arboviral disease. In Egypt, such illness is often mis-diagnosed as "influenza". To determine arboviral aetiology in patients admitted with fever and myalgia, acute and convalescent sera samples were obtained fr...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Darwish MA,Feinsod FM,Scott RM,Ksiazek TG,Botros BA,Farrag IH,el Said S

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole are recommended to interrupt transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti, little is known about the macrofilaricidal effect of this drug combination. Forty-seven men with W. bancrofti infection were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of either DEC alone (6 mg/kg) (n=2...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Dreyer G,Addiss D,Williamson J,Norões J

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the early 1900s, visceral leishmaniasis (VL; kala-azar) has been among the most important health problems in Sudan, particularly in the main endemic area in the eastern and central regions. Several major epidemics have occurred, the most recent--in Western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, detected in 1988--...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Zijlstra EE,el-Hassan AM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The severity and consequences of human Trichuris infection vary widely. This may reflect differences in immune response. T. muris is a natural parasite of mice which provides a close, well defined, easily manipulated model for otherwise uninvestigatable aspects of this response. Normal mice reject the parasite in 3 we...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Jenkins D,Wakelin D

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to estimate the importance as a public health problem of skin diseases, we investigated the prevalence and severity of skin diseases in a representative sample of children in Mali. 1817 children were randomly selected in 30 clusters by probability-proportional-to-size sampling in Koulikoro region. The mean pr...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Mahé A,Prual A,Konaté M,Bobin P

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus was evaluated in blood donors and antenatal clinic attenders in Kumasi, Ghana and seropositive subjects were tested for hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall seroprevalence among Ghanaians was 2.8% but there was a significantly hi...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Wansbrough-Jones MH,Frimpong E,Cant B,Harris K,Evans MR,Teo CG

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is concern that crop irrigation that results in increased numbers of vector mosquitoes will lead to a rise in malaria in local communities. We evaluated the level of malaria experienced in 3 communities in northern Tanzania with different agricultural practices: rice irrigation, sugar-cane irrigation and traditi...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ijumba JN,Shenton FC,Clarke SE,Mosha FW,Lindsay SW

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory findings of 27 patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and six with mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) in Sudan are described. The diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of amastigotes in bone-marrow in 20 cases with VL (80%) and impression smears in 2 cases with ML. The en...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： el-Safi SH,Peters W,Evans DA

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight weeks following infection with Schistosoma mansoni ICR strain mice showed much more marked hepatic fibrosis than did C57BL/6 mice or hamsters. None the less, extracts of the hepatic granulomata of these animals had similar fibroblast stimulating activity when assayed in vitro. ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Cheever AW,Barral-Netto M

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topical N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) was studied as a schistosomiasis prophylactic in vivo for the use of individuals with limited exposure. Fifteen subjects, on a 3-week expedition to Lake Malawi in September 2001, applied 50% DEET to their skin after exposure to lake water. No subjects developed evidence of a new ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Jackson F,Doherty JF,Behrens RH

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of this study were to identify individuals with symptomatic and/or asymptomatic infection due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi; to study the two types of infection, both clinically and immunologically, and to determine the prevalence rate of infection at the beginning of the study. This was a cross-s...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Crescente JA,Silveira FT,Lainson R,Gomes CM,Laurenti MD,Corbett CE

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assessment of antimicrobial resistance among commensal bacteria is an indicator of the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Rapid screening methods for detection of antimicrobial-resistant faecal Escherichia coli directly on MacConkey plates have been successfully adopted but suffer from lack of standardisation. Th...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Bartoloni A,Benedetti M,Pallecchi L,Larsson M,Mantella A,Strohmeyer M,Bartalesi F,Fernandez C,Guzman E,Vallejos Y,Villagran AL,Guerra H,Gotuzzo E,Paradisi F,Falkenberg T,Rossolini GM,Kronvall G

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00