Abstract：
:Neither high theoretical efficacy of disease control tools, nor diagnostic accuracy, nor good compliance, nor adequate coverage can lead on its own to the final goal of community effectiveness. There is a complex relationship between these factors. The different steps in the process leading to effective health care in the community are discussed on the basis of biomedical and health systems research activities of the Swiss Tropical Institute. Schistosomiasis and malaria control provide the background to problems related to the efficacy of tools. In particular, information on the trial of a malaria vaccine candidate (SPf66) is given. Approaches to the rapid, accurate and economical diagnosis of communities at risk are discussed with reference to Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni. Health service support projects in Tanzania and Chad are presented to exemplify problems linked to the compliance of users/providers and coverage. Finally, it is shown that community effectiveness depends on the highest possible success rate for each step. This requires the co-operative efforts of all those involved: the scientist, the manager, the community health worker and, last but not least, the community itself.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Tanner M,Lengeler C,Lorenz Ndoi
10.1016/0035-9203(93)90070-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-01 00:00:00pages
518-23issue
5eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:There is an increasing need to provide spatial distribution maps of the clinical burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa. Recent evidence suggests that risk groups and the clinical spectrum of severe malaria are related to the intensity of P. falciparum transmission. Climate operates to affect the vectorial ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90781-7
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:To date, there is no consensus on ideal ways to measure antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence in resource limited settings. This study aimed to identify markers of poor adherence to ART. Methods:Retrospective data of HIV-positive ART-naïve adults initiating standard first-line ART at Themba Lethu Clinic,...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trx003
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mexico was first described in 1912. Since then, its existence has been repeatedly confirmed in the forest regions of the peninsula of Yucatan. In order to obtain reliable knowledge about the magnitude of this problem, we questioned and skin-tested a sample of 449 persons randomly selected fr...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90262-d
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ochratoxin A (OA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate plant food products. OA concentrations were assessed in commonly consumed food items in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease is diagnosed at epidemic proportions. Ninety-eight randomly...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.007
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in Zambia was determined by the in vivo and in vitro microtechniques. A total dose of 25mg chloroquine base/kg body weight (over 3 d) was administered to 60 children at Lubwe and 42 at Kalene. The in vivo test was successfully completed on 55 cases at Lubwe and 39 a...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(88)90406-3
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with recurrent and disseminated strongyloidiasis and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). METHODS:We compared immunological aspects and markers for ATLL in HTLV-1 patients with or without strongyloidiasis, and evaluated the infl...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trt052
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus is a member of the triad of epidemiologically important liver fluke species belonging to the family Opisthorchiidae and the major agent causing opisthorchiasis over a vast territory, covering Russia, Kazakhstan and several European countries. The similarity between the diseases ca...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trv085
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stool specimens from 90% of the population of 2 marginal communities in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, were examined by the Kato-Katz technique for the estimation of eggs per gram of faeces (epg). Average epg values for Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were calculated for each family in the community, based on the...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90284-l
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A dynamic model of the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was used to investigate some of the possible implications of the loss of vaccine-induced immunity on the effectiveness of mass HBV vaccination in high endemicity countries. The model, which describes the processes of horizontal and vertical transmission of...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90539-8
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites isolated in Robinson's medium from faeces containing cysts, transported from India, have been tested in vitro against the drugs furazolidone, iodochlorhydroxyquin, and both drugs combined as Dependal. Results show the levels at which drug action is significant and that interaction be...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(76)90007-9
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between infection with Schistosoma haematobium and various factors including water contact pattern, past history of haematuria and treatment for schistosomiasis and cercarial dermatitis was investigated in Southern Iraq. The study covered mainly primary schoolchildren in different areas of Basrah and i...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90165-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasmodium falciparum parasites exist as genetically distinct haploid clones in infected people. In the Kilombero valley in south-east Tanzania, at least 85% of the inhabitants of Michenga village harbour more than one clone. Using 2 highly polymorphic unlinked markers, it has been estimated that each infected person ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90321-8
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spread of chloroquine-resistant malaria has led to a resurgence of quinine in clinical use. One of the well-known side effects of quinine, reversible hearing loss, is closely related to the plasma concentration. We suggest that this hearing effect could be used as an aid in therapy control when quinine drug assay ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90069-q
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholera remains a grave public health problem in Africa. It is endemic with seasonal variations around the central African Great Lakes. Along the coasts, it occurs mostly in rapidly expanding epidemics, with intercalated 3-5 year lull-periods. Case-fatality ratios remain high at 2–5% against the global declining trend...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/tru077
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice were immunized with 0.25 ml culture supernatant intraperitoneally and challenged with 5 x 10(4) Naegleria fowleri intranasally. Survival rate was 11% after one and 25% after three immunizing doses, compared to 0% in controls. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90021-x
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports the morphological and biochemical characterization of the species of Schistosoma infecting humans in the Republic of São Tomé and Principe. The eggs are typical in shape and size of S. intercalatum, measuring on average between 174.5 microns and 189.1 microns. The eggs are voided in the faeces and n...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90441-3
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A semi-automated cultivation apparatus for the in vitro culture of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes is described. This apparatus has been designed to produce large numbers of fertile sexual stages for use in the development of a gamete vaccine or for the infection of suitable mosquitoes. These mosquitoes in turn may ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(82)90116-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The nematode Strongyloides stercoralis has a very particular autoinfection life-cycle which leads to chronic infections remaining undetected for decades. However, hyperinfection can occur in patients receiving immunotherapy resulting in high mortality rates. The main objective of this study was to assess the...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trt053
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sickle cell gene was first described in India in a tribal population in the south, leading to the belief that it was confined to tribal groups. The present study confirms that it is widespread in the state of Orissa and spreads throughout Hindu society, being more common in upper and scheduled castes than in triba...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90239-2
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent increase in funding for diseases endemic in resource-poor countries has led to a progressive rise in the number of trials conducted in Africa for product development purposes or to answer important questions on reduction of disease burden. This causes an increasing demand for data safety monitoring boards (...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.06.009
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case report from 2001 of the first parasitologically confirmed case of acute Chagas disease in Suriname. The patient had never left Suriname, and was probably infected by an adventitious species of Panstrongylus in his house in the capital city, Paramaribo. The patient was treated with nifurtimox, and app...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90108-8
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artemisinin derivatives are becoming the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in areas with widespread resistance to chloroquine. Although generally safe and well tolerated, it has been suggested from animal experiments, and more recently from one human study with artemether-lumefantrine, that these compound...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.02.017
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:WHO recommends that anthelmintic treatment be included in strategies to improve maternal nutrition in areas where hookworms are endemic and anaemia is prevalent. At present, few countries have adopted this recommendation, partly owing to the lack of data to support the adverse effects of hookworms on maternal health. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90164-6
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary peritonitis that tends to occur especially in children, and cirrhotic spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are well recognized clinical entities. At the University College Hospital, Ibadan, cases of intra-abdominal abscess that do not fit the recognized criteria for primary peritonitis have been seen. These patie...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(82)90022-0
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the case of a laboratory worker who received close medical follow-up after accidently inoculating her hand with a needle containing a Humera strain of Leishmania donovani amastigotes. She developed a leishmanoma and histologic evidence of local lymphatic dissemination before being treated. The spectrum of di...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90301-4
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diarrhoeal morbidity was studied during a 15-week period of the rainy season in 244 children aged 6 to 35 months in an urban Gambian community. The average prevalence of diarrhoea was 12.0% and the mean number of episodes per child varied between 2.4 and 2.9 depending on the definition of an episode. The number of chr...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90052-6
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the distribution of rheumatoid factor isotypes amongst patients with loiasis with and without accompanying glomerulonephritis to determine the possible role of rheumatoid factor antiglobulins in this disease. Our findings indicate an increase in both immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM rheumatoid factor isot...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90183-d
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in faecal specimens collected from two (1.35%) of 148 marsupials trapped in the Amazon jungle environment. The positive samples were both from the "common opossum", Didelphis marsupialis. No infections were found in the stools of 198 animals belonging to othe...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90186-0
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice immunized with purified antigen preparations produced in Escherichia coli and containing the glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzyme of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj26) can be partially resistant to infection with this parasite. Maximum resistance was approximately 50% and no protection was obtained in BALB/c mice,...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(88)90027-2
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An epidemic of bloody diarrhoea was observed in 1997 and 1998 in Bessoum, north Cameroon. Of 1176 inhabitants, 16.7% went for medical consultation to a public health centre located 10 km away. This epidemic was probably due to the recent introduction of Schistosoma mansoni in an ancient focus of S. haematobium, follow...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(00)90221-9
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
