Leg muscle activation patterns during walking and leg lean mass are different in children with and without developmental coordination disorder.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have a higher body fat and greater gait variability. Little research has investigated the gait muscle activity and lean mass measures in children with DCD. AIMS:To compare the leg muscle activation patterns of the gait cycle and leg lean mass between children with and without DCD. METHODS:Fifty-one children were in the DCD group (38 males and 13 females; 7.95 ± 1.04 years) and fifty-two in the control group (34 males and 18 females; 8.02 ± 1.00 years). Peak muscle activation patterns of treadmill walking in the right leg for the eight-gait phases were measured by means of surface electromyography, an electrogoniometer, and foot contact switches. Leg lean mass measures were evaluated using a whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. RESULTS:Children with DCD had a lower leg lean mass and appendicular lean mass index compared to the control group. Furthermore, they exhibited a less-pronounced peak muscle activation during the heel strike (gastrocnemius medialis), early swing (biceps femoris) and late swing phases (gastrocnemius medialis) of gait. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:Although lower limb total mass was similar between groups, the DCD group displayed lower lean mass measures than controls. Furthermore, children with DCD illustrated a lower leg peak muscle activation during the heel strike, early swing and late swing phases of gait when walking on a treadmill. Our results emphasize the need to incorporate lower limb phasic muscle strengthening components into gait rehabilitation programs for children with DCD.

journal_name

Res Dev Disabil

authors

Yam TTT,Fong SSM

doi

10.1016/j.ridd.2017.12.014

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-01 00:00:00

pages

87-95

eissn

0891-4222

issn

1873-3379

pii

S0891-4222(17)30321-9

journal_volume

73

pub_type

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