Abstract:
:Stabbing with a kitchen knife is a common method of homicide in Europe. Serrated knives may leave tool markings (striations) in tissues. Documentation of striations is necessary for their use as forensic evidence. Traditional methods (physical casting and photography) have significant limitations, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has been trialled in cartilage to "virtually cast" wounds. Previous research has shown the proportion of striations in cartilage falls following decomposition. This project has investigated the effects of taphonomic alteration and documentation methods of striations in porcine skin. Fresh, decomposed, mummified, burnt and waterlogged stab wounds in a porcine analogue were excised and imaged using photography, stereo-optical microscopy and micro-CT. The proportion of striations in each taphonomic group was determined from the images by independent analysts. Striations were observed more frequently in serrated blade wounds, although they were also identified in non-serrated blade wounds. The proportion of wounds showing striations declined following decomposition. An inversely proportional linear correlation between advancing decomposition and proportion of striations existed. Dehydration (mummification and burning) rendered serrated and non-serrated blade wounds indistinguishable. Water composition affected the preservation of striations. Identification of striations gradually declined after decomposition in tap water, but persisted to a point when left in brackish water. All three techniques imaged striations; however, the optimum technique was stereo-optical microscopy due to practical advantages and specific limitations affecting photography and micro-CT. This study demonstrates the effects of taphonomic alteration on striations and suggests stereo-optical microscopy is the optimum method for their documentation.
journal_name
Int J Legal Medjournal_title
International journal of legal medicineauthors
Stanley SA,Hainsworth SV,Rutty GNdoi
10.1007/s00414-017-1715-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00pages
463-475issue
2eissn
0937-9827issn
1437-1596pii
10.1007/s00414-017-1715-2journal_volume
132pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Chumbinho is the popular name given to carbamate aldicarb (Temik), an insecticide commonly used in agriculture and highly toxic (LD50 = 0.9 mg/kg oral in rats) that has been sold clandestinely in several regions of Brazil. Chumbinho is sold illegally as raticide and is available in a formulation of small black granule...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-016-1336-1
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alcoholism marker CDT was determined on 257 blood samples 1-2 days after the blood samples were taken and again after storage for 7 months at +4 degrees C. The differences between the pairs of CDT values were so large that the determination of CDT after long term storage of the blood sample has no evidential value...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050013
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abstract::Inferring an unknown DNA's ancestry using a set of ancestry-informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in forensic science is useful to provide investigative leads. This is especially true when there is no DNA database match or specified suspect. Thus, a set of SNPs with highly robust and balanced differential...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
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更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linking biological samples found at a crime scene with the actual crime event represents the most important aspect of forensic investigation, together with the identification of the sample donor. While DNA profiling is well established for donor identification, no reliable methods exist for timing forensic samples. He...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-010-0457-1
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a contribution to the geographic coverage of EMPOP, currently the best available forensic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) database, a total of 299 Swedish individuals were analysed by sequencing of the first and second hypervariable regions of the mtDNA genome. In this sample set, a total of 179 different haplotypes were...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-013-0908-6
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used to study population histories, discover ancestral relationships, and identify males for criminal justice purposes. Y-STRs being largely in forensic use have low haplotype diversity in some populations and cannot discriminate between paternal male relatives....
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-018-01997-9
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of mandibular measurements for sex determination in a Brazilian population. The sample was composed of 100 mandibles, of which 53 were female and 47 were male, and the average age was 57.03 years. The mandible measurement protocol was composed of 15 measurements, of whi...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1681-8
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01642795
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) is widely expressed in leukocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and monocytes. It regulates various processes including granulocyte adhesion to the endothelium, cell migration, thrombus stabilization, and cytokine release. In humans, increased plasma Gas6 levels have been described in ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-015-1230-2
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development rate of immature Calliphora vicina reared on decomposed liver was significantly slower, by as much as 30 h (55.4 % of total development time) for mid-sized larvae, and 71 h (35.0 %) and 58 h (14.6 %) if using times to the onset of pupariation and eclosion, respectively, than those of immatures that dev...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0697-3
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have sequenced the entire mtDNA genome (mtGenome) of 241 individuals who match 1 of 18 common European Caucasian HV1/HV2 types, to identify sites that permit additional forensic discrimination. We found that over the entire mtGenome even individuals with the same HV1/HV2 type rarely match. Restricting attention to ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-004-0427-6
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many countries, assessment of legal age, also known as age of majority, has become increasingly important over the years. In China, individuals older than 18 years of age have full capacity regarding civil conduct and can be tried as an adult for criminal charges. Therefore, from a legal point of view, it is crucia...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-018-1907-4
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of the radiographic visibility of root pulp in mandibular third molars has been suggested as an alternative method for estimation of legal age threshold in living individuals when the root apices are mature. Here, we assessed the accuracy of this method for age thresholds of 18 and 21 years. A sample of 463...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02036-x
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the forensic anthropology practice, bone diseases are rarely considered for personal identification. In this paper, we present a forensic skeletonized case with tuberculous bone lesions, for which bone pathology may provide an indicator for positive personal identification. Antemortem hospital records were availabl...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02348-3
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies show that ethyl glucuronide (EtG) can be decomposed by bacteria; whilst so far no degradation of ethyl sulphate (EtS) has been observed. In the present study, in vitro experiments with bacterial colonies were performed. Bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridium sordellii) were isola...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0229-3
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0223-9
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy of most age determination methods in adults is unsatisfactory and therefore more precise methods are required. Teeth provide several useful points about an individuals age. With advancing age secondary dentine is deposited along the wall of the dental pulp chamber leading to a reduction in the size of the...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-004-0492-x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::2-Amino-5-chloropyridine (ACP) is a degradation product of zopiclone (ZOP) and its two main metabolites N-desmethylzopiclone (NDZOP) and zopiclone N-oxide (ZOPNO). ACP may be formed when specimens are stored. ZOP instability in blood makes interpretation of concentrations difficult especially in cases of prolonged sam...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1049-2
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1007/s00414-018-1880-y
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitative information on the sequence composition of the allele and locus structure of the X-STRs DXS8378, DXS9898, DXS6789, GATA31E08, and GATA172D05 was generated in this study. Sequence data were obtained from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and diverse human population groups including Africans, Caucasians, Asians...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0303-x
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0237-3
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a clinically "silent," but emergent and life-threatening cardiovascular disease, and hereditary factors play an important etiologic role in the development of AAD. The purposes of this study are to definitize the diagnostic yield of 59 AAD patients, investigate the molecular pathologic...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-018-1890-9
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a simultaneous study of the VWA STR locus by the Perkin-Elmer Profiler Plus kit and the Promega GenePrint CTTv kit in a population sample from North Portugal and in 418 meiosis from family material and paternity cases. PCR amplification and genotyping were performed according to the manufacturer's instructio...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140100215
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A publically available database of the most highly cited scientists in all disciplines was used to identify people that belonged to the subject category "forensic science and legal medicine." This bibliometric information was derived from Elsevier's SCOPUS database containing eight million scientists with at least fiv...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02491-x
更新日期:2021-01-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050253
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthropologists are constantly seeking to improve methods for age estimation in the human skeleton. A new method was introduced about a decade ago that assesses the morphological changes that take place in the acetabulum as an individual ages. The pelvis is usually well preserved in forensic cases, which makes this me...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-015-1299-7
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histological staining technique using rhodizonate is also effective for the determination of the firing distance by examining the distribution and intensity of the staining reaction. The differentiation between absolute close-range shots and long-range shots is generally possible without any doubt. The method is n...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140100220
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies and forensic parameters for 17 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci were investigated from 1542 individuals of Va ethnic minority in Yunnan Province in the southwest of China. Also, genetic distances between Va and 13 published populations were compared, and a neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1620-8
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02340-x
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro experiments on the interaction of 3H-cocaine and melanin from Sepia officinalis confirmed the existence of drug binding sites on melanin granules. The results suggested that the binding of 3H-cocaine to melanin could be analyzed by assuming that the binding to the surface of pigment granules is analogous ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050031
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00