Reduced contextual effects on visual contrast perception in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The salience of a visual stimulus is often reduced by nearby stimuli, an effect known as surround suppression of perceived contrast, which may help in locating the borders of an object. Weaker surround suppression has been observed in schizophrenia but it is unclear whether this abnormality is present in other mental disorders with similar symptomatology, or is evident in people with genetic liability for schizophrenia. METHOD:By examining surround suppression among subjects with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder, their unaffected biological relatives and healthy controls we sought to determine whether diminished surround suppression was specific to schizophrenia, and if subjects with a genetic risk for either disorder would show similar deficits. Measuring perceived contrast in different surround conditions also allowed us to investigate how this suppression depends on the similarity of target and surrounding stimuli. RESULTS:Surround suppression was weaker among schizophrenia patients regardless of surround configuration. Subjects with bipolar affective disorder showed an intermediate deficit, with stronger suppression than in schizophrenia but weaker than control subjects. Surround suppression was normal in relatives of both patient groups. Findings support a deficit in broadly tuned (rather than sharply orientation- or direction-selective) suppression mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS:Weak broadly tuned suppression during visual perception is evident in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder, consistent with impaired gain control related to the clinical expression of these conditions.

journal_name

Psychol Med

journal_title

Psychological medicine

authors

Schallmo MP,Sponheim SR,Olman CA

doi

10.1017/S0033291715001439

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-12-01 00:00:00

pages

3527-37

issue

16

eissn

0033-2917

issn

1469-8978

pii

S0033291715001439

journal_volume

45

pub_type

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