Reduced contextual effects on visual contrast perception in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to determinate whether schizophrenia patients with a history of cannabis use have a different prognosis, with regards to readmission and hospital duration, compared with those without a history of cannabis use. METHOD:The present investigation was a cohort study of 50,087 Swedish me...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Manrique-Garcia E,Zammit S,Dalman C,Hemmingsson T,Andreasson S,Allebeck P

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropometric and biochemical indices of nutritional status and weighed dietary intake have been studied in hospitalized patients with senile dementia, demented patients living in the community and age-matched control subjects who were not cognitively impaired. Demented patients were lighter than control subjects, an...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Burns A,Marsh A,Bender DA

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) but access to CBT is limited. Internet-based CBT (ICBT) with therapist support is potentially a more accessible treatment. There are no randomized controlled trials testing ICBT for OCD. The aim of this study ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Andersson E,Enander J,Andrén P,Hedman E,Ljótsson B,Hursti T,Bergström J,Kaldo V,Lindefors N,Andersson G,Rück C

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of culture-bound syndromes such as eating disorders in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe is unclear and comparative epidemiological studies are lacking. Before the political changes in 1989 we therefore investigated eating disorders, eating attitudes and psychological health in two Eastern Eur...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Rathner G,Túry F,Szabó P,Geyer M,Rumpold G,Forgács A,Söllner W,Plöttner G

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder during pregnancy associates with potentially detrimental consequences for mother and child. The current study examined peripheral blood gene expression as a potential biomarker for prenatal depressive symptoms. METHOD:Maternal RNA from whole blood, plasma and the Beck Depression In...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Katz ER,Stowe ZN,Newport DJ,Kelley ME,Pace TW,Cubells JF,Binder EB

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The common mental disorders (CMDs) of anxiety and depression are the most common form of poor mental health in the general population. Evidence from the small number of previous cohort studies on the role of neighbourhood factors in mental health is inconclusive. We tested the hypothesis that high levels of ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Fone D,White J,Farewell D,Kelly M,John G,Lloyd K,Williams G,Dunstan F

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age and sex-adjusted first admission rates for operationally-defined schizophrenia and other non-affective psychosis in different ethnic groups were calculated over the period 1988-1992 in a defined catchment area in South London. Standardized rates for schizophrenia, corrected for age- and gender-related under-report...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Van OS J,Castle DJ,Takei N,Der G,Murray RM

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We recently completed a case-control study of 100 literally homeless and 100 never homeless indigent schizophrenic men in New York City, in which concurrent substance abuse and antisocial personality disorder were widespread. In this paper we probe the correlates of 'pure' schizophrenia (single disorder, N = 60), schi...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Caton CL,Shrout PE,Eagle PF,Opler LA,Felix A

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychiatric disorders are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, few studies have examined the course of disorder development and the influence of pre-injury psychiatric history. The present study aimed to examine the frequency of, and association between, psychiatric disorders occurring pre...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gould KR,Ponsford JL,Johnston L,Schönberger M

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychotic symptoms occur more frequently in the general population than psychotic disorder and index risk for psychopathology. Multiple studies have reported on the prevalence of these symptoms using self-report questionnaires or clinical interviews but there is a lack of consensus about the prevalence of ps...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kelleher I,Connor D,Clarke MC,Devlin N,Harley M,Cannon M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The past two decades have seen exponential clinical and research interest in help-seeking individuals presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms for psychosis. However, the epidemiological validity of this paradigm has been neglected, limiting future advancements in the field. METHOD:We undertook a crit...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Fusar-Poli P,Yung AR,McGorry P,van Os J

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Three cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wade TD,Zhu G,Martin NG

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Results of adulthood mental health of those born late-preterm (34 + 0-36 + 6 weeks + days of gestation) are mixed and based on national registers. We examined if late-preterm birth was associated with a higher risk for common mental disorders in young adulthood when using a diagnostic interview, and if this ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Heinonen K,Kajantie E,Pesonen AK,Lahti M,Pirkola S,Wolke D,Lano A,Sammallahti S,Lahti J,Andersson S,Eriksson JG,Raikkonen K

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Assortative mating has been demonstrated in mental disorders but the extent of cohabitation between patients with clinically diagnosed psychiatric disease has been poorly explored. Method We conducted a register-based study of all Danes between 18 and 70 years of age in a 13-year observational period, linkin...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Thomsen AF,Olsbjerg M,Andersen PK,Kessing LV

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Refugees commonly experience difficulties with emotional processing, such as alexithymia, due to stressful or traumatic experiences. However, the functional connectivity of the amygdala, which is central to emotional processing, has yet to be assessed in refugees. Thus, the present study investigated the res...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kim N,Park I,Lee YJ,Jeon S,Kim S,Lee KH,Park J,Kim HK,Gwaq AR,Jun JY,Yoo SY,Lee SH,Kim SJ

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hip fracture is common in the elderly. Previous studies suggest that psychiatric illness is common and predicts poor outcome, but have methodological weaknesses. Further studies are required to address this important issue. METHODS:We prospectively recruited 731 elderly participants with hip fracture in two...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Holmes J,House A

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Factor analysis has been employed to identify latent variables that are unifying constructs and that parsimoniously describe correlations among a related group of variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test hypothesized factor structures for a set of variables; it can also, as in this paper be us...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Jacob KS,Everitt BS,Patel V,Weich S,Araya R,Lewis GH

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Meta-analyses support the efficacy of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for schizophrenia in western cultures. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of CBT and supportive therapy (ST) for patients with schizophrenia in China. METHOD:A multicentre randomized controlled, single-blinded, parallel-group tr...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Li ZJ,Guo ZH,Wang N,Xu ZY,Qu Y,Wang XQ,Sun J,Yan LQ,Ng RM,Turkington D,Kingdon D

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hierarchical structural models of psychopathology rarely extend to obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. The current study sought to examine the higher-order structure of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) in DSM-5: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), hoarding disorder (HD), body dysm...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Snorrason I,Beard C,Peckham AD,Björgvinsson T

更新日期：2020-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of genetic factors in the aetiology of manic-depressive illness (MDI) has been repeatedly confirmed and indicators of vulnerability to the illness in families with affective disorders are needed. Abnormal event-related potentials (ERP) may be markers of genetic vulnerability to mental illness....

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pierson A,Jouvent R,Quintin P,Perez-Diaz F,Leboyer M

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Childhood abuse is a risk factor for poorer illness course in bipolar disorder, but the reasons why are unclear. Trait-like features such as affective instability and impulsivity could be part of the explanation. We aimed to examine whether childhood abuse was associated with clinical features of bipolar dis...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Marwaha S,Briley PM,Perry A,Rankin P,DiFlorio A,Craddock N,Jones I,Broome M,Gordon-Smith K,Jones L

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Individuals with depression are often found to perform worse on cognitive tests and to have an increased risk of dementia. The causes and the direction of these associations are however not well understood. We looked at two specific hypotheses, the aetiological risk factor hypothesis and the reverse causalit...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Jindra C,Li C,Tsang RSM,Bauermeister S,Gallacher J

更新日期：2020-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal smoking has consistently been associated with multiple adverse childhood outcomes including externalizing disorders. In contrast the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) and internalizing (anxiety and depressive) disorders in offspring has received less investigation. METHOD...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Meier SM,Plessen KJ,Verhulst F,Mors O,Mortensen PB,Pedersen CB,Agerbo E

更新日期：2017-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the 40-item Eating Attitudes Test and other self-report questions, a two-stage screening survey of 1020 (F 646, M 374) Chinese bilingual university students in Hong Kong showed that although female students were 'underweight' by Western standard, the majority of them and nearly all female students above a body m...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lee S

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Empirical data regarding prevalence of sexual and physical abuse histories in Japanese patients with eating disorders is lacking, in contrast to Western countries. This study investigated the prevalence of traumatic events in Japanese patients with eating disorders, and examined the relationship between such...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Nagata T,Kiriike N,Iketani T,Kawarada Y,Tanaka H

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Belief in free will has been a mainstay in philosophy throughout history, grounded in large part in our intuitive sense that we consciously control our actions and could have done otherwise. However, psychology and psychiatry have long sought to uncover mechanistic explanations for human behavior that challenge the no...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pierre JM

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although impaired recognition of affective facial expressions has been conclusively linked to antisocial behavior, little is known about the modifiability of this deficit. This study investigated whether and under which circumstances the proposed perceptual insensitivity can be addressed with a brief implici...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Schönenberg M,Christian S,Gaußer AK,Mayer SV,Hautzinger M,Jusyte A

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This experiment examines two aspects of delusional cognition that have been reported clinically but not investigated empirically. These are the incorporation of potentially conflicting information into the recall of delusion-related scripts and the type and amount of material produced additional to that pres...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Simpson J,Done DJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous research has shown that adults with intellectual disability (ID) may be more at risk of developing dementia in old age than expected. However, the effect of age and ID severity on dementia prevalence rates has never been reported. We investigated the predictions that older adults with ID should have...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Strydom A,Hassiotis A,King M,Livingston G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior research on work-related factors in the aetiology of psychiatric disorders has been concentrated on job control, job demands and social support. To broaden the view to managerial procedures, we examined whether the extent to which employees are treated with equity in the workplace predicts their mental...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kivimäki M,Elovainio M,Vahtera J,Virtanen M,Stansfeld SA

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00