Abstract：
:We recently completed a case-control study of 100 literally homeless and 100 never homeless indigent schizophrenic men in New York City, in which concurrent substance abuse and antisocial personality disorder were widespread. In this paper we probe the correlates of 'pure' schizophrenia (single disorder, N = 60), schizophrenia and substance abuse (double disorder, N = 89), and schizophrenia, substance abuse, and antisocial personality disorder (triple disorder, N = 50), across the homeless/never homeless distinction. Subjects were recruited from a homeless shelter and mental health service programmes in Upper Manhattan. Psychologist and social worker interviewers administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, I, and II and other structured instruments to explore social, family and illness history, the current illness, and aspects of treatment and family support. Codisorder subjects emerged from more disadvantaged family backgrounds, experienced greater school difficulties, began drug use in early adolescence, were more prone to hyperactivity in childhood, and were more likely to have spent time in jail. While codisorder groups did not differ on key aspects of schizophrenia, the triple disorder group was found to suffer from a more severe form of substance abuse than double disorder subjects, associated with an earlier age of onset and abuse of a wider array of substances. The widespread prevalence of codisorders among indigent schizophrenic men has major significance for clinical psychiatry. Study of the correlates of codisorders has revealed important differences in social, family, and illness history which may guide the development of more effective treatments and improved service delivery.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Caton CL,Shrout PE,Eagle PF,Opler LA,Felix Adoi
10.1017/s0033291700027835subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-08-01 00:00:00pages
681-8issue
3eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Oral contraceptive use has been previously associated with an increased risk of suicidal behavior in some, but not all, samples. The use of large, representative, longitudinally-assessed samples may clarify the nature of this potential association. METHODS:We used Swedish national registries to identify wom...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291720003475
更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several psychological and neurobiological models imply that patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) are more inclined to utilize emotional cues as response determinants to the detriment of more task-appropriate cognitive or contextual cues. However, there is a lack of behavioural data from human clinical studies t...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291713000445
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The persistence of psychosis at a high and relatively constant prevalence in the various populations of the world is rendered difficult to explain by the absence of identified environmental precipitants and by reduced fertility of affected individuals. The problem is not confined to schizophrenia but applies also to a...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1017/s0033291700000611
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder is a common condition of excessive worry and tension which tends to run a chronic course associated with significant psychiatric and medical problems. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been shown to be of clinical value in about 50% of cases with treatment gains maintained ov...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/s0033291702007079
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The examination of moment-to-moment, 'micro-level' patterns of experience and behaviour using experience sampling methodology has contributed to our understanding of the 'macro-level' development of full-blown symptoms and disorders. This paper argues that the micro-level perspective can be used to identify the smalle...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1017/S0033291713001979
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Early life maltreatment (ELM), borderline personality disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been associated with empathy deficits in different domains. Lack of maternal empathy has also been related to child behavioral problems. As ELM, BPD, and MDD often co-occur, we aimed to identify dis...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291719001107
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic fatigue is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). A randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was more effective in reducing MS fatigue than relaxation training (RT). The aim of the current study was to analyse additional data from this trial to determine...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/S0033291711000924
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined the relationship between childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and interviewees' recollections of pathogenic parenting, testing for possible retrospective biases in the recollections of those who have experienced CSA. METHODS:Information about CSA, parental divorce and interviewees' recollections of par...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291799002809
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty-six bulimia nervosa patients were treated by means of a behavioural approach and followed for at least one year after completion or dropping out of treatment. Outcome was encouraging in about half of the patients and several psychiatric indicators, such as duration of illness and response to treatment, were iden...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700002543
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to examine associations between trajectories of childhood neighbourhood social cohesion and adolescent mental health and behaviour. METHOD:This study used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a nationally representative sample of Canadian children...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291715001245
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Depression is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying depression in PD are unclear and treatment is often suboptimal. METHODS:We investigated the role of striatal dopamine in reversal learning from reward and punishment...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291717000769
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Puberty moderates genetic influences on disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, with little genetic influence before puberty but large (50%) genetic effects during and after puberty. To date, however, nothing is known about the mechanisms that underlie these effects. Estradiol is a particularly promising ...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291709992236
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a 5-week study of 22 depressed patients treated with nortriptyline, significant changes in plasma levels, both elevated and reduced, were deliberately produced in the third and fourth weeks of each patient's treatment. Correlation of plasma nortriptyline levels and changes in the severity of depression, as measured...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700023163
更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A retrospective study of alcoholic psychoses is reported. The phenomena of the illnesses corresponded poorly with classical descriptions of alcoholic hallucinosis, delirium tremens and alcoholic paranoia. Alternative diagnostic approaches were tried (Catego, restrictive definition of alcoholic hallucinosis). The probl...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700014331
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primiparae were randomly assigned to two conditions of routine ultrasound examination at their first antenatal clinic visit: (a) high feedback ultrasound where the monitor screen was visible and the patient was shown the foetal size, shape and movement (N = 67); (b) low feedback ultrasound where the screen was not see...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/s0033291700046717
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term 'pseudohallucination' is currently used to name imaginal experiences whose relationship to one another and to hallucinations 'proper' remains obscure. Clinicians, including specialists in psychopathology, disagree on how pseudohallucination must be defined and on its diagnostic role. Empirical research is unl...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1017/s0033291700037776
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To isolate determinants of any female preponderance in depressive disorder, we earlier selected a sample of young adults, then similar in terms of several potential social determinants of depression and with equivalent rates of lifetime depression. We now report a 10-year review, which initially suggested a female pre...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700026878
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:General practitioners using DSM-III criteria have studied the incidence and prevalence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in a large (N = 151,781) representative sample of the Dutch population. The incidence rate for anorexia nervosa is 6.3 and for bulimia nervosa 9.9 per year per 100,000 population. The prevalen...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700020560
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The numbers of long-stay patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals were studied, based on information from the Danish cumulative psychiatric register and from the census studies of patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals, performed at 5-year intervals since 1957. In 1977, 2079 (20%) of the in-patient population which ...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700032116
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Feedback learning is essential for behavioral development. We investigated feedback learning in relation to behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD:Children aged 6-13 years diagnosed with TBI (n = 112; 1.7 years post-injury) were compared with children with traumatic control (...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291716000106
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The phenotypic stability of avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) has previously been found to be moderate. However, little is known about the longitudinal structure of genetic and environmental factors for these disorders separately and jointly, and to wha...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291715001440
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Men sexually interested in children of a specific combination of maturity and sex tend to show some lesser interest in other categories of persons. Patterns of men's sexual interest across erotic targets' categories of maturity and sex have both clinical and basic scientific implications. METHOD:We examined...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291720001476
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:. A variety of factors are related to compliance with medication in schizophrenia, but little attention has been paid to the role of families. Carers' knowledge or expressed emotion (EE) may be related to compliance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of these two factors, as well as ...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/s0033291702006888
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies evaluating depression's role in lung cancer risk revealed contradictory findings, partly because of the small number of cases, short follow-up periods, and failure to account for key covariates including smoking exposure. We investigated the association of depressive symptoms with lung cancer risk in...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291720004390
更新日期：2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:100 randomly selected mildly or moderately mentally retarded adults were assessed for personality disorder using the Standardized Assessment of Personality devised by Mann et al. (1981). By the terms of this instrument 56% of patients showed features of abnormal personality, and in 22% this abnormality was marked, sug...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291700000799
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between recurrent major depression (MD) in women and suicidality is complex. We investigated the extent to which patients who suffered with various forms of suicidal symptomatology can be distinguished from those subjects without such symptoms. METHOD:We examined the clinical features of th...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S003329171200058X
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study is to determine the association between panic attacks in adolescence and the risk of personality disorders during young adulthood. METHOD:Data were drawn from the Children in the Community Study, a longitudinal epidemiological study of psychopathology across the life-course in 717 indi...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291704003319
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Met allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) valine-to-methionine (Val158Met) polymorphism is known to affect dopamine-dependent affective regulation within amygdala-prefrontal cortical (PFC) networks. It is also thought to increase the risk of a number of disorders characterized by affective mo...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/S0033291710001431
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Factor analysis has been employed to identify latent variables that are unifying constructs and that parsimoniously describe correlations among a related group of variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test hypothesized factor structures for a set of variables; it can also, as in this paper be us...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/s0033291797005710
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic fatigue is a common condition, frequently presenting in primary care. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET), and to compare therapy with usual care plus a self-help booklet (BUC). METHOD:Patients drawn fro...
journal_title：Psychological medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/s0033291704001928
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
