MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: An update in the genetic aetiologies of combined pituitary hormone deficiency.

abstract：:Patients with pituitary tumours, ensuing hormonal abnormalities and mass effects are usually followed in multidisciplinary pituitary clinics and can represent a management challenge even during the times of non-pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has put on hold routine medical care for hundreds of millions of patients ar...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Fleseriu M,Dekkers OM,Karavitaki N

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous pathologic hypercortisolism, or Cushing's syndrome, is associated with poor quality of life, morbidity, and increased mortality. Early diagnosis may mitigate against this natural history of the disorder. The clinical presentation of Cushing's syndrome varies, in part related to the extent and duration of co...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Nieman LK

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to compare physical activity and biochemical markers with bone mineral acquisition in rhythmic gymnasts and ballet dancers. METHODS:Weight, height, body mass index, nutritional intake, bone age and menstrual histories were analyzed in nine rhythmic gymnasts, twelve ballet dancers and fourteen con...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Muñoz MT,de la Piedra C,Barrios V,Garrido G,Argente J

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). As men age, mean serum concentrations of immunoreactive gonadotropic hormones tend to increase, while serum testosterone concentrations tend to decline. To evaluate age-related change...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Zwart AD,Urban RJ,Odell WD,Veldhuis JD

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In female adrenal insufficiency, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) secretion is impaired and circulating androgen levels are severely reduced. We wanted to analyse the acute effects of physiological DHEA substitution on substrate metabolism. DESIGN:We studied nine females with adrenal insufficiency after 9 days ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Christiansen JJ,Gravholt CH,Fisker S,Møller N,Andersen M,Svenstrup B,Bennett P,Ivarsen P,Christiansen JS,Jørgensen JO

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male age-related bone loss is caused, at least in part, by hypogonadism that occurs with advancing age. The study of the effects of sex steroids on bone physiology in men has recently highlighted the central role of estrogens on bone pathophysiology. This review focuses on particular aspects of bone physiology and pat...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Rochira V,Balestrieri A,Madeo B,Zirilli L,Granata AR,Carani C

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Apelin is a novel adipokine acting on APJ receptor, regulated by insulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in adipose tissue (AT). Plasma apelin levels are increased in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. The aim was to investigate whether the hypocaloric diet associated with weight loss modifies the e...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Castan-Laurell I,Vítkova M,Daviaud D,Dray C,Kováciková M,Kovacova Z,Hejnova J,Stich V,Valet P

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoids (GC) such as cortisol regulate multiple physiological functions, notably those involved in development, metabolism, inflammatory processes and stress, and exert their effects upon binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR, encoded by NR3C1 gene in humans). GC signaling follows several consecutive step...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Vitellius G,Lombes M

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Puberty is the period during which we attain adult secondary sexual characteristics and reproductive capability. Its onset depends upon reactivation of pulsative GNRH, secretion from its relative quiescence during childhood, on the background of intact potential for pituitary-gonadal function. This review is intended:...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Dunkel L,Quinton R

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CLTA4 is relevant for FOXP3(+)Treg cells, and the link between skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) and autoimmunity is recognized. The observation of immune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome and multiorgan endocrine autoimmune phenomena in various members of one family, associated with ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Seidel MG,Rami B,Item C,Schober E,Zeitlhofer P,Huber WD,Heitger A,Bodamer OA,Haas OA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Descent of the testis from an intra-abdominal site in foetal life to an extracorporeal location after birth is a mandatory developmental process to ensure that the mature testis promotes normal spermatogenesis. The two phases of transabdominal and inguinoscrotal descent occur approximately during the first and last th...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Hughes IA,Acerini CL

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rituximab (RTX) use in open-label series has been associated with very encouraging responses in patients with active and moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO). Recently, randomized controlled trials of RTX have been performed in such patients to answer the question of clinical efficacy and the safety profile of ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Stan MN,Salvi M

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a member of the steroid receptor family, acts as a transcription factor and mediates both aldosterone and cortisol effects. Aldosterone specificity in some tissues results from the inactivation of competing cortisol into cortisone by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. In other ti...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Wickert L,Watzka M,Bolkenius U,Bidlingmaier F,Ludwig M

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pituitary tumours express both somatostatin and dopamine receptors. Medical treatment with somatostatin analogues is a cornerstone of GH- and TSH-secreting tumours, while treatment with dopamine agonists is a cornerstone of prolactin-secreting tumours. Dopamine agonists have also demonstrated some efficacy in patients...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Colao A,Filippella M,Pivonello R,Di Somma C,Faggiano A,Lombardi G

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To control postprandial hyperglycemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients, prandial therapy with regular human insulin (HI) or fast acting insulin analogs is used. Postprandial hyperglycemia seems to be reduced more effectively with insulin analogs than with normal insulin, but there are no data conce...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Sourij H,Schmoelzer I,de Campo A,Tripolt NJ,Stojakovic T,Scharnagl H,Kettler-Schmut E,Forst T,Wascher TC

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocrine complications are frequently observed in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). One of two CCS will experience at least one endocrine complication during the course of his/her lifespan, most commonly as a late-effect of cancer treatments, especially radiotherapy and alkylating agent chemotherapy. Endocrine late-e...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Chemaitilly W,Cohen LE

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the contribution of a normal intake of nutrients to the variability of serum leptin concentrations in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN:We studied the relation between serum leptin and nutrient intake in a cross-sectional study. METHODS:Serum leptin measured by radioimmunoassay, nutriti...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Rojo-Martínez G,Soriguer FJ,González-Romero S,Tinahones F,Moreno F,de Adana SR,Garriga MJ,Esteva I,García-Arnés J,Gómez-Zumaquero JM,García-Almeida JM

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Short stature caused by point mutations or deletions of the short stature homeobox (SHOX) gene (SHOX haploinsufficiency (SHI)) is a registered indication for GH treatment. Patients with a SHOX enhancer deletion (SED) have a similar phenotype, but their response to GH is unknown. It is uncertain if duplication...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Donze SH,Meijer CR,Kant SG,Zandwijken GR,van der Hout AH,van Spaendonk RM,van den Ouweland AM,Wit JM,Losekoot M,Oostdijk W

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the most frequent cause of secondary osteoporosis. Nevertheless, limited data are available on bone status in patients with endogenous cortisol excess. This study is aimed at investigating the role of sex steroids and severity of hypercortisolism on bone mineral density ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Tauchmanovà L,Pivonello R,De Martino MC,Rusciano A,De Leo M,Ruosi C,Mainolfi C,Lombardi G,Salvatore M,Colao A

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Local 5'-deiodination of l-thyroxine (T(4)) to active thyroid hormone 3,3',5-tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) catalyzed by the two 5'-deiodinase enzymes (D1 and D2) regulates various T(3)-dependent functions in the anterior pituitary and has been well studied in rodents. Only limited information about deiodinase expr...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Baur A,Buchfelder M,Köhrle J

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:According to the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, thyroid ablation by iodine-131 (I-131) therapy is absolutely recommended only in patients with high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Often distant metastases are not recognized early and they can stay silent for long time. The aim o...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Albano D,Bertagna F,Bonacina M,Durmo R,Cerudelli E,Gazzilli M,Panarotto MB,Formenti AM,Mazziotti G,Giustina A,Giubbini R

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common endocrine cancer and its incidence has increased in recent decades. Initial treatment usually consists of total thyroidectomy followed by ablation of thyroid remnants by iodine-131. As thyroid cells are assumed to be the only source of thyroglobulin (Tg) in the hu...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Giovanella L,Clark PM,Chiovato L,Duntas L,Elisei R,Feldt-Rasmussen U,Leenhardt L,Luster M,Schalin-Jäntti C,Schott M,Seregni E,Rimmele H,Smit J,Verburg FA

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ipilimumab (Yervoy; Medarex and Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a human MAB against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, which enhances co-stimulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, resulting in their proliferation and an anti-tumour response. It is licensed for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic malignant melanoma, while...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Juszczak A,Gupta A,Karavitaki N,Middleton MR,Grossman AB

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cushing's disease (CD) is usually caused by ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenomas, while silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) are macroadenomas without Cushingoid features. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying their different tumor growth remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to evaluate ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Tani Y,Inoshita N,Sugiyama T,Kato M,Yamada S,Shichiri M,Hirata Y

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone loss due to menopause, natural or artificial, has been attributed solely to low estrogen. However, in a woman's life, the most precipitous bone loss begins 2 years prior to the last menstrual period, during which time estrogen levels are unperturbed whereas FSH is elevated. Our cell-based and mouse genetic studie...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Iqbal J,Sun L,Zaidi M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if uterine and ovarian measurements can significantly distinguish between precocious puberty (PP) and premature thelarche (PT) and whether ultrasound has any advantage over the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test. DESIGN:Prospective. METHODS:One hundred and three girls referr...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： de Vries L,Horev G,Schwartz M,Phillip M

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tall stature is defined as a height of more than 2 standard deviations (s.d.) above average for same sex and age. Tall individuals are usually referred to endocrinologists so that hormonal disorders leading to abnormal growth are excluded. However, the majority of these patients have familial tall stature or constitut...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Albuquerque EVA,Scalco RC,Jorge AAL

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk for prostate carcinoma in men with serum IGF-I in the upper part of the age-related reference range. Recombinant human GH (rhGH) is widely used in patients with GH deficiency, usually raising the serum IGF-I levels into the normal range: safety surveillance...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： le Roux CW,Jenkins PJ,Chew SL,Camacho-Hübner C,Grossman AB,Besser GM,Monson JP

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyridostigmine (PST), a cholinesterase inhibitor, induces a clear growth hormone (GH) release in man by suppression of hypothalamic somatostatin (SRIH). Somatostatin suppresses thyrotrophin (TSH) release in rats and men. Earlier studies showed that the thryotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced TSH response was not ...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Yang I,Woo J,Kim S,Kim J,Kim Y,Choi Y

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune thyroid disease is the archetype for organ-specific autoimmune disorders. Progress in treating these disorders lies in improvements of our understanding of the predisposing factors responsible, the mechanisms responsible for progression of disease, and the interaction between thyroid antigens and the immune...

journal_title：European journal of endocrinology

authors： Weetman AP

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00