Abstract:
RATIONALE:Impulsivity has been strongly linked to addictive behaviors, but can be operationalized in a number of ways that vary considerably in overlap, suggesting multidimensionality. OBJECTIVE:This study tested the hypothesis that the latent structure among multiple measures of impulsivity would reflect the following three broad categories: impulsive choice, reflecting discounting of delayed rewards; impulsive action, reflecting ability to inhibit a prepotent motor response; and impulsive personality traits, reflecting self-reported attributions of self-regulatory capacity. METHODS:The study used a cross-sectional confirmatory factor analysis of multiple impulsivity assessments. Participants were 1252 young adults (62 % female) with low levels of addictive behavior, who were assessed in individual laboratory rooms at the University of Chicago and the University of Georgia. The battery comprised a Delay (replace hyphen with space) Discounting Task, Monetary Choice Questionnaire, Conners' Continuous Performance Test, Go/NoGo Task, Stop Signal Task, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. RESULTS:The hypothesized three-factor model provided the best fit to the data, although sensation seeking was excluded from the final model. The three latent factors were largely unrelated to each other and were variably associated with substance use. CONCLUSIONS:These findings support the hypothesis that diverse measures of impulsivity can broadly be organized into three categories that are largely distinct from one another. These findings warrant investigation among individuals with clinical levels of addictive behavior and may be applied to understanding the underlying biological mechanisms of these categories.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
MacKillop J,Weafer J,C Gray J,Oshri A,Palmer A,de Wit Hdoi
10.1007/s00213-016-4372-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-01 00:00:00pages
3361-70issue
18eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072pii
10.1007/s00213-016-4372-0journal_volume
233pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Repeated exposure to psychostimulants that either increase dopamine (DA) release or target N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors can induce behavioural sensitisation, a phenomenon that may be important for the processes of addiction and even psychosis. A critical component of behavioural sensitisation is an i...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3689-9
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:State-dependent changes in physiological arousal may influence impulsive behaviours. OBJECTIVES:To examine the relationship between arousal and impulsivity, we assessed the effects of yohimbine (an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, which increases physiological arousal via noradrenaline release) on performa...
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更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system has been implicated in conditioned reward (CR), locomotor sensitization, and the reinforcing properties of psychomotor stimulants. Stimuli with formerly motivationally neutral properties that gain incentive properties by their predictive association with primary reinforcers are term...
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02253583
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1007/s002130050933
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02247422
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00179930
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212765
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted in order to investigate the level of amitriptyline (AT) and its metabolites. Three separate experiments were carried out. In two of these experiments, rats were treated over 7 days with IP doses of AT (10 mg/kg in experiment A and 2 X 20 mg/kg in experiment C). The rats were sacrificed either ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00431455
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00