Temporal variations in early developmental decisions: an engine of forebrain evolution.

abstract：:In the last few years, work in the nascent field of neuroeconomics has advanced understanding of the brain systems involved in value-based decision making. An important modulator of valuation processes is the specific context a decision maker is facing during choice. Recently, neuroeconomics has made great progress in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tymula A,Plassmann H

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Slow axonal transport conveys cytosolic and cytoskeletal proteins into axons and synapses at overall velocities that are several orders of magnitude slower than the fast transport of membranous organelles such as vesicles and mitochondria. The phenomenon of slow transport was characterized by in vivo pulse-chase radio...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Roy S

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PTEN tumor suppressor gene is a lipid phosphatase that negatively regulates cell survival mediated by the phosphatidyl inositol 3' kinase-protein kinase B/Akt signaling pathway. Recent in vivo studies have revealed a novel role for PTEN in the size control of neurons. Dysregulation of cell growth control by PTEN i...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Backman S,Stambolic V,Mak T

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated release of neurotransmitter depends on the orchestrated function of a large number of proteins in the presynaptic compartment. When synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, these membranes and the attached proteins are endocytosed and either recycled or degraded. This turnover needs to be tightly reg...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lüningschrör P,Sendtner M

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major issue in development is to understand how local heterogeneities are interpreted to determine specific cell fates. The sense organs of Drosophila provide an accessible system for addressing this issue. Most sense organs comprise four types of cells, and their differentiation is the outcome of a complex developm...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Vervoort M,Dambly-Chaudière C,Ghysen A

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive development is determined by both genetics and environment. One point of convergence of these two influences is the neural activity-dependent regulation of programs of gene expression that specify neuronal fate and function. Human genetic studies have linked several transcriptional regulators to neurodevelop...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hong EJ,West AE,Greenberg ME

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly systematic approaches to quantifying receptive fields in primary visual cortex, combined with inspired ideas about functional circuitry, non-linearities, and visual stimuli, are bringing new interest to classical problems. This includes the distinction and hierarchy between simple and complex cells, the m...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bair W

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long standing goal in motor control is to determine the fundamental output controlled by the CNS: does the CNS control the activation of individual motor units, individual muscles, groups of muscles, kinematic or dynamic features of movement, or does it simply care about accomplishing a task? Of course, the output c...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tresch MC,Jarc A

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have seen cytoskeleton dynamics emerging as a key player in axon regeneration. The cytoskeleton, in particular microtubules and actin, ensures the growth of neuronal processes and maintains the singular, highly polarized shape of neurons. Following injury, adult central axons are tipped by a dystrophic st...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Blanquie O,Bradke F

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of local protein synthesis in neuronal dendrites plays a key role in the production of long-term, activity-dependent changes in synapse structure and functional efficacy. Such long-term changes also require regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Recent evidence couples local protein synthesis to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bramham CR

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantal neurotransmitter release at nerve terminals is tightly regulated by the presynaptic Ca2+ concentration. Here, we summarise current advances in understanding how the interplay between presynaptic Ca2+ dynamics and different Ca2+ release sensors shapes action potential-evoked release on a timescale from hundreds...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Volynski KE,Krishnakumar SS

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceptual and control systems are tasked with the challenge of accurately and efficiently estimating the dynamic states of objects in the environment. To properly account for uncertainty, it is necessary to maintain a dynamical belief state representation rather than a single state vector. In this review, canonical a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lee DD,Ortega PA,Stocker AA

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Converging evidence indicates that primates have a distinct cortical image of homeostatic afferent activity that reflects all aspects of the physiological condition of all tissues of the body. This interoceptive system, associated with autonomic motor control, is distinct from the exteroceptive system (cutaneous mecha...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Craig AD

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their differences, human language and the vocal communication of nonhuman primates share many features. Both constitute a form of joint action, rely on similar neural mechanisms, and involve discrete, combinatorial cognition. These shared features suggest that during evolution the ancestors of modern primates ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Seyfarth RM,Cheney DL

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VOR) assist retinal image stabilization during vertebrate locomotion thereby ensuring accurate visual perception. The importance of this motor behavior for animal survival requires that the underlying circuitry and all individual components are fully developed and functional as soon as post-...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Straka H

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of the few animal groups that learn their vocalizations, songbirds are uniquely amenable to molecular, physiological, and behavioral analyses of the neural features responsible for vocal learning. In order to communicate effectively as an adult, a young songbird recognizes and memorizes a model of his species-specific...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： White SA

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell fate in the cephalic neural primordium is controlled by an organizer located at the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. Studies in chick, mouse and zebrafish converge to show that mutually repressive interactions between homeodomain transcription factors of the Otx and Gbx class position this organizer in the neural pri...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rhinn M,Brand M

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used widely to determine the spatial layout of brain activation associated with specific cognitive tasks at a spatial scale of millimeters. Recent methodological improvements have made it possible to determine the latency and temporal structure of the activation at a tem...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Formisano E,Goebel R

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The behavioral repertoire of an organism can be highly diverse, spanning from social to defensive. How an animal efficiently switches between distinct behaviors is a fundamental question whose inquiry will provide insights into the mechanisms that are necessary for an organism's survival. Previous work aimed at identi...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rozeske RR,Herry C

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the mammalian cortex, the classic view assumes that the output information of a neuron is encoded in rather stereotyped action potentials, which provide an all-or-none or digital way of communication between cell body and axonal boutons. A role for subthreshold signal propagation within cortical axons has largely b...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Alle H,Geiger JR

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that frontoparietal cortices and interconnecting regions in the basal ganglia and the cerebellum are related to motor skill learning. We propose that motor skill learning occurs independently and in different coordinates in two sets of loop circuits: cortex-basal ganglia and cortex-cerebellum...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hikosaka O,Nakamura K,Sakai K,Nakahara H

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-cell communication directs the development of photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila retina. A recent set of studies has provided a genetic dissection of one of these interactions, the induction of the R7 photoreceptor cell by the neighboring R8 photoreceptor cell. The results from these experiments shape our unde...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Krämer H,Cagan RL

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plasticity of the nervous system is due to the ability of neurons to change their properties by altering the function of their proteome. A major mechanism for this is through altering the amount of proteins by regulating their translation. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the elucidation of the mecha...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sossin WS,Lacaille JC

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many constituents of Wnt signaling pathways are expressed in the developing and mature nervous systems. Recent work has shown that Wnt signaling controls initial formation of the neural plate and many subsequent patterning decisions in the embryonic nervous system, including formation of the neural crest. Wnt signalin...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Patapoutian A,Reichardt LF

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gut microbiome - the largest reservoir of microorganisms of the human body - is emerging as an important player in neurodevelopment and ageing as well as in brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The growing knowledge on mediators and triggered pathways has advanced our under...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Benakis C,Martin-Gallausiaux C,Trezzi JP,Melton P,Liesz A,Wilmes P

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adult mammalian neocortex, the major region of the cerebral cortex, is divided into functionally specialized areas, defined by distinct architecture and axonal connections. Extrinsic influences, such as thalamocortical input, and genetic regulation, intrinsic to the dorsal telencephalon, control the gradual emerge...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： O'Leary DD,Nakagawa Y

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helping involves other-oriented actions that have the potential to benefit another. The last ten years has seen the introduction of several experimental paradigms to study helping in rats. In the best characterized of these, a free rat opens a door to release a rat trapped in an acrylic tube or pool of water. Helping ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Mason P

更新日期：2021-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons utilize mRNA transport and local translation as a means to influence development and plasticity. The molecular mechanisms for this mRNA sorting involve the recognition of cis-acting sequences by distinct mRNA binding proteins that have a dual role, acting in both mRNA transport and translational regulation. Ot...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bassell GJ,Kelic S

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how the brain performs computations requires understanding neuronal firing patterns at successive levels of processing-a daunting and seemingly intractable task. Two recent studies have made dramatic progress on this problem by showing how its dimensionality can be reduced. Using the retina as a model sy...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nirenberg SH,Victor JD

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the two major endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), serves as a retrograde messenger at various types of synapses throughout the brain. Upon postsynaptic activation, 2-AG is released immediately after de novo synthesis, activates presynaptic CB1 cannabinoid receptors, and transiently suppresses neuro...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ohno-Shosaku T,Kano M

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00