Hepatitis E virus antibody prevalence, RNA frequency, and genotype among blood donors in Cambodia (Southeast Asia).

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Recent studies conducted in developed countries described hepatitis E virus (HEV) as an emerging infectious threat to blood safety. However, data on HEV among blood donors from southeast Asia are lacking. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Between July and August 2014, we assessed the presence of HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM in 301 Cambodian blood donors. All samples were further tested for the presence of HEV RNA using an in-house reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. ORF2/ORF3 phylogenetic analysis was performed on positive HEV RNA specimens. RESULTS:We found HEV IgG in 28.2% of blood donors from Cambodia. Three blood donors tested positive for HEV IgM with three distinct patterns: IgM(+)/IgG(-)/RNA(-) (n = 1), IgM(+)/IgG(+)/RNA(-) (n = 1), and IgM(+)/IgG(+)/RNA(+) (n = 1). Thus, the prevalence rates of HEV IgM and HEV RNA were 1.0 and 0.3%. Interestingly, the viremic blood donor harbored a HEV strain that belonged to Genotype 3 (HEV-3) and clustered with a Cambodian riverine HEV-3 isolate. CONCLUSION:Due to the high frequency of Cambodian blood donors with positive HEV IgG, we conclude that HEV is endemic in this country. Large-scale studies must be considered to determine whether Cambodian blood donation screening is warranted to enhance blood safety in regard to HEV. In addition, our findings suggest that river water may be a significant source of exposure to HEV-3.

journal_name

Transfusion

journal_title

Transfusion

authors

Nouhin J,Prak S,Madec Y,Barennes H,Weissel R,Hok K,Pavio N,Rouet F

doi

10.1111/trf.13731

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-10-01 00:00:00

pages

2597-2601

issue

10

eissn

0041-1132

issn

1537-2995

journal_volume

56

pub_type

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