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Reducing nicotine exposure results in weight gain in smokers randomised to very low nicotine content cigarettes.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:The Food and Drug Administration can reduce the nicotine content in cigarettes to very low levels. This potential regulatory action is hypothesised to improve public health by reducing smoking, but may have unintended consequences related to weight gain. METHODS:Weight gain was evaluated from a double-blind, parallel, randomised clinical trial of 839 participants assigned to smoke 1 of 6 investigational cigarettes with nicotine content ranging from 0.4 to 15.8 mg/g or their own usual brand for 6 weeks. Additional analyses evaluated weight gain in the lowest nicotine content cigarette groups (0.4 and 0.4 mg/g, high tar) to examine the effect of study product in compliant participants as assessed by urinary biomarkers. Differences in outcomes due to gender were also explored. FINDINGS:There were no significant differences in weight gain when comparing the reduced nicotine conditions with the 15.8 mg/g control group across all treatment groups and weeks. However, weight gain at week 6 was negatively correlated with nicotine exposure in the 2 lowest nicotine content cigarette conditions. Within the 2 lowest nicotine content cigarette conditions, male and female smokers biochemically verified to be compliant on study product gained significantly more weight than non-compliant smokers and control groups. CONCLUSIONS:The effect of random assignment to investigational cigarettes with reduced nicotine on weight gain was likely obscured by non-compliance with study product. Men and women who were compliant in the lowest nicotine content cigarette conditions gained 1.2 kg over 6 weeks, indicating weight gain is a likely consequence of reduced exposure to nicotine. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:NCT01681875, Post-results.

journal_name

Tob Control

journal_title

Tobacco control

authors

Rupprecht LE,Koopmeiners JS,Dermody SS,Oliver JA,al'Absi M,Benowitz NL,Denlinger-Apte R,Drobes DJ,Hatsukami D,McClernon FJ,Pacek LR,Smith TT,Sved AF,Tidey J,Vandrey R,Donny EC

doi

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053301

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-03-01 00:00:00

pages

e43-e48

issue

eissn

0964-4563

issn

1468-3318

pii

tobaccocontrol-2016-053301

journal_volume

pub_type

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Reducing nicotine exposure results in weight gain in smokers randomised to very low nicotine content cigarettes.