Abstract：
BACKGROUND:With the increasing prevalence of electronic readers (e-readers) for vocational and professional uses, it is important to discover if there are visual consequences in the use of these products. There are no studies in the literature quantifying the incidence or severity of eyestrain, nor are there clinical characteristics that may predispose to these symptoms with e-reader use. PURPOSE:The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the degree of eyestrain associated with e-reader use compared to traditional paper format. The secondary outcomes of this study were to assess the rate of eyestrain associated with e-reader use and identify any clinical characteristics that may be associated with the development of eyestrain. METHODS:Forty-four students were randomly assigned to study (e-reader iPAD) and control (print) groups. Participant posture, luminosity of the room, and reading distance from reading device were measured during a 1-h session for both groups. At the end of the session, questionnaires were administered to determine symptoms. RESULTS:Significantly higher rates of eyestrain (p = 0.008) and irritation (p = 0.011) were found among the iPAD study group as compared to the print 'control' group. The study group was also 4.9 times more likely to report severe eyestrain (95 % CI [1.4, 16.9]). No clinical characteristics predisposing to eyestrain could be identified. CONCLUSIONS:These findings conclude that reading on e-readers may induce increased levels of irritation and eyestrain. Predisposing factors, etiology, and potential remedial interventions remain to be determined.
journal_name
Int Ophthalmoljournal_title
International ophthalmologyauthors
Maducdoc MM,Haider A,Nalbandian A,Youm JH,Morgan PV,Crow RWdoi
10.1007/s10792-016-0281-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-01 00:00:00pages
433-439issue
2eissn
0165-5701issn
1573-2630pii
10.1007/s10792-016-0281-9journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：PURPOSE:To describe and analyze short-term posterior vitreous abnormalities following intravitreal ocriplasmin in eyes with symptomatic vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT). METHODS:In this institutional, prospective and interventional study enrolled patients with symptomatic focal VMT syndrome treated with intravitr...
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journal_title：International ophthalmology
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