Diagnosing obstructive lung disease.

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and disordered bowel habits, is one of the most common functional bowel disorders. IBS is a substantial burden on both patient health-related quality of life and healthcare costs. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been postulated...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Harris LA,Baffy N

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 2 diabetes, which is increasing in prevalence, is a multifaceted disease that presents a challenge to the primary care physician. In this article, Drs Flemmer and Vinik review the significant findings of several important clinical trials and present a method of comprehensive staged management to improve the quali...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Flemmer MC,Vinik AI

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:With advancements in medical imaging and current emphasis on regular physical examinations, multiple pulmonary lesions increasingly are being detected, including bilateral pulmonary lesions. Video-assisted thoracic surgery is an important method for treating such lesions. Most of video-assisted thoracic surg...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Yang X,Wang L

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cataracts are the most common treatable form of reduced vision in older adults. Although the incidence of cataracts is high after age 65, careful history taking and clinical examination are essential to establish the diagnosis. Cataract surgery is medically indicated when the view to the retina is obscured or lens-ind...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Trudo EW,Stark WJ

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In acutely injured patients, recognition of profound shock may be difficult initially. Ensuring adequate oxygenation, restoring intravascular volume, and controlling ongoing blood loss are key principles of treatment in these patients. Additionally, an appreciation for and recognition of the possible adverse consequen...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Phillips GR 3rd,Kauder DR,Schwab CW

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the link between cigarette smoking and its cardiovascular effects is well established, the mechanisms through which smoking raises blood pressure remain to be clarified. Possible mechanisms include nicotine-induced peripheral and central sympathetic nervous system stimulation, persisting levels of nicotine in...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kochar MS,Bindra RS

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As sex, drugs, and rock 'n' roll have given way to STDs, HIV, and AIDS, adolescent sex has become an increasingly high-risk behavior. Dr Kay strongly believes that primary care physicians can have a prominent role in educating teens and their parents about the consequences of premature sexual activity and in promoting...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kay LE

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the cause of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains obscure, epidemiologic investigation suggests that environmental factors encountered years before onset could be responsible. Studies elucidating age-specific onset curves, worldwide distribution, epidemics, clustering, and risk of contraction after migration are cons...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Gorelick PB

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the face of deficiencies in our present system of introducing new drugs, clinicians must be committed to monitoring patients carefully. They must not be caught up in the hyperbole and excitement of the latest new drug, but instead should allow the crucible of time to teach them and the rest of the medical community...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Roth SH

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) refers to several subgroups of disease in which the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) is elevated to more than 25 mm Hg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) ≤ 15 mmHg, and an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 3 Wood units as confirmed by right heart catheterizati...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Velayati A,Valerio MG,Shen M,Tariq S,Lanier GM,Aronow WS

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Early diagnosis of sickle cell disease enables physicians to initiate prompt treatment and provide appropriate education and counseling for patients and their families. In this article, Dr Burdick reviews the management of major complications of the disorder, discusses the psychosocial impact, and examines the...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Burdick E

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While more remains to be learned about the natural history of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, better information is now available on which to base decisions about diagnosis and treatment. Several retrospective and prospective studies have placed the value of lung scanning, venography, and pulmonary angiog...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Broaddus C,Matthay MA

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A carefully taken history and thorough physical examination are the first steps in establishing the cause of a neck mass. Location, size, consistency, and mobility of the mass provide clues and are useful for comparison during follow-up. Further studies are ordered on the basis of the impressions gathered from this ev...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Damion J,Hybels RL

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Management of otitis media in children is a controversial matter: The basic questions of why, in whom, and how it should be treated are undergoing continual reassessment. In this article, Drs Shapiro and Bluestone provide answers to these and other questions, such as Why is treatment of acute otitis media just...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Shapiro AM,Bluestone CD

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various antidepressants and anxiolytic agents have proved to be effective as short-term therapy for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and other anxiety disorders. However, less is known about their efficacy in the long-term treatment of GAD. This gap in our knowledge poses a problem for physicians, who treat GAD over...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Lydiard RB

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyponatremia (serum sodium <135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder in community or hospitalized patients. Serum sodium levels should be corrected at a proper rate in patients with hyponatremia, since overcorrection of serum sodium levels is related to devastating neurologic consequences, such as the osmotic demye...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Filippatos TD,Liamis G,Elisaf MS

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of the suicidal patient involves careful consideration of risk factors, including attention to subtle clues from the history, and mental status examination. The most urgent decision for the physician to make is whether or not to insist on hospitalization. If the need for inpatient care is uncertain, a "no s...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Smith CW Jr,Bope ET

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Politicians may have written a temporary obituary for healthcare reform, but as anyone in medicine knows, reform is alive and (debatably) well. Mergers, acquisitions, and practice changes are happening all across the land, and many a physician is going from being a small-business owner to being an employee. Difficult ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rodeghero JA

更新日期：1994-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reiter's syndrome is an often overlooked and misdiagnosed complex of symptoms. Patients may not present with the classic triad of symptoms, or they may forget to mention other pertinent manifestations. How can you make an accurate diagnosis? And what is an effective approach to management? Dr Kirchner reviews studies ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kirchner JT

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deep neck infection has ominous implications if not detected and treated in an early stage. The anatomic relationships of head and neck spaces encourage spread of infection. Immediate hospitalization and constant monitoring of the patient after diagnosis are mandatory. ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Johnson JT,Tucker HM

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most cases, the cause of facial paralysis can be determined on the basis of the clinical evaluation, and expensive diagnostic tests can be avoided. Because Bell's palsy is not always the cause, physicians need to be able to identify critical findings on history and physical examination that indicate an alternative ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ruckenstein MJ

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All patients with chronic stable angina presumed to be due to coronary artery disease should undergo exercise stress testing early in evaluation for evidence of high-risk coronary disease. If the exercise stress test shows early positive findings, patients should undergo cardiac catheterization to exclude left main co...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Dohrmann ML

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nephrolithiasis is caused by several biochemical mechanisms, identification of which allows specific therapy that may prevent recurrences. In patients with their first kidney stone, careful evaluation is needed to identify those at highest risk for recurrence. Extensive evaluation of this subgroup should lead to prope...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Trivedi BK

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we focus on current trends in the management of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), defined here as LUTS, namely, storage, voiding, and post-micturition symptoms presumed secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and discuss possible novel approaches toward better care. According to result...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Roehrborn CG,Miner MM,Sadovsky R

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The new oral anticoagulants have many advantages over vitamin K antagonists, but they are still associated with a troublesome incidence of major bleeding. Additionally, the absence of a reversal agent for the new oral anticoagulants is a barrier to their more widespread use. Currently, there are 3 potential reversal a...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Costin J,Ansell J,Laulicht B,Bakhru S,Steiner S

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhalation of pressurized 100% oxygen is a helpful adjunctive treatment for certain patients, because the increased oxygen carried by the blood to the tissue enhances new growth of microcirculation and, thus, healing. Patients with tissue breakdown after radiation therapy, refractory osteomyelitis, gas gangrene, soft-...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Cohn GH

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary care physician can often delineate the cause of chest pain in a patient under 21 years of age after a thoughtful, careful, and thorough history and physical examination. Occasionally, an ECG and a chest x-ray film may be helpful. Noncardiac causes for the chest pain should be explored, and if found, the ch...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Diehl AM

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Few people can say they have never experienced some form of pressure-related changes while flying. Although uncommon on commercial flights, severe middle ear blocks do occur. Drawing from his experience treating military pilots, Dr Brown discusses the causes of barotrauma, steps that airline passengers can tak...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Brown TP

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normalization of serum lipid levels should be initiated as soon as possible in patients with myocardial, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular disease. Clinical trials indicate that coronary artery disease and overall mortality rates can be reduced and atherosclerosis stabilized or reversed by lipid-lowering therapy...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Blankenhorn DH,Hodis HN

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite cervical cancer being considered a preventable disease, it still remains the second most common malignancy in women worldwide, with a higher incidence in underdeveloped countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the causative agent of cervical cancer. The major mechanisms through which HPV contributes...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Subramanya D,Grivas PD

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00