IFI44L promoter methylation as a blood biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous disease with limited reliable diagnostic biomarkers. We investigated whether gene methylation could meet sensitivity and specificity criteria for a robust biomarker. METHODS:IFI44L promoter methylation was examined using DNA samples from a discovery set including 377 patients with SLE, 358 healthy controls (HCs) and 353 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Two independent sets including 1144 patients with SLE, 1350 HCs, 429 patients with RA and 199 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) were used for validation. RESULTS:Significant hypomethylation of two CpG sites within IFI44L promoter, Site1 (Chr1: 79 085 222) and Site2 (Chr1: 79 085 250; cg06872964), was identified in patients with SLE compared with HCs, patients with RA and patients with pSS. In a comparison between patients with SLE and HCs included in the first validation cohort, Site1 methylation had a sensitivity of 93.6% and a specificity of 96.8% at a cut-off methylation level of 75.5% and Site2 methylation had a sensitivity of 94.1% and a specificity of 98.2% at a cut-off methylation level of 25.5%. The IFI44L promoter methylation marker was also validated in an European-derived cohort. In addition, the methylation levels of Site1 and Site2 within IFI44L promoter were significantly lower in patients with SLE with renal damage than those without renal damage. Patients with SLE showed significantly increased methylation levels of Site1 and Site2 during remission compared with active stage. CONCLUSIONS:The methylation level of IFI44L promoter can distinguish patients with SLE from healthy persons and other autoimmune diseases, and is a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic marker for SLE.

journal_name

Ann Rheum Dis

authors

Zhao M,Zhou Y,Zhu B,Wan M,Jiang T,Tan Q,Liu Y,Jiang J,Luo S,Tan Y,Wu H,Renauer P,Del Mar Ayala Gutiérrez M,Castillo Palma MJ,Ortega Castro R,Fernández-Roldán C,Raya E,Faria R,Carvalho C,Alarcón-Riquelme ME,Xiang Z

doi

10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208410

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1998-2006

issue

11

eissn

0003-4967

issn

1468-2060

pii

annrheumdis-2015-208410

journal_volume

75

pub_type

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