Abstract:
:The immune response was assessed in 13 competitive bodybuilders self-administering anabolic-androgenic steroids and ten competitive bodybuilders not administering these drugs. Laboratory assessment included the number and relative distribution of T-cells, T-helper/inducer cells, T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells, activated T-cells, lymphocyte transformation to the mitogens, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin-A (CON-A), Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC), serum immunoglobulins, and natural killer (NK) activity. There were no significant differences in T-cell subsets among steroid users and non-users, but lymphocyte transformation studies revealed that the anabolic-androgenic steroid-using group had enhanced proliferative ability to the B-cell mitogen, SAC, in comparison to non-bodybuilding controls. NK activity was significantly (P less than 0.05) augmented in the anabolic-androgenic steroid users but not in the non-using bodybuilders. Serum immunoglobulin levels, in particular IgA, were significantly (P less than 0.017) lower in the steroid-using group. Four of 13 steroid users and three of eight non-steroid-using bodybuilders had detectable antinuclear antibodies. These studies indicate that 1) anabolic-androgenic steroid use as practiced by contemporary athletes is a potent modulator of immune responsiveness and 2) autoantibodies are prevalent in strength-trained men even in the absence of anabolic steroid use.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Calabrese LH,Kleiner SM,Barna BP,Skibinski CI,Kirkendall DT,Lahita RG,Lombardo JAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-08-01 00:00:00pages
386-92issue
4eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:The significant sex disparity in sports-related knee injuries may be due to underlying differences in motor control. Although the development of sex-specific movement patterns is likely multifactorial, this study specifically focuses on the potential modulatory role of sex hormones. PURPOSE:This study aim...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000134
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The cumulative effect of the female athlete triad (Triad) risk factors on the likelihood of low bone mineral density (BMD) in exercising women is unclear. PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine the risk of low BMD in exercising women with multiple Triad risk factors. METHODS:We retrospectively examined cros...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a03b8b
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to test whether environmental hypoxia could potentiate the effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. METHODS:Fourteen adolescents with obesity were assigned to 6 wk of exercise training either in normoxic or in hypoxic conditions (FiO2 15%). Adolescents traine...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001694
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twelve male swimmers were studied psychologically before, during, and after 10 d of increased training. Daily training distance was increased from 4,000 to 9,000 m.d-1, and intensity was maintained at 94% of VO2max. Three of the swimmers were unable to tolerate the increased training load, and they did the same distan...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/00005768-198808000-00014
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Serial evaluation of aerobic metabolism and exercise tolerance early after heart transplantation (HT). METHODS:Fifteen heart transplant recipients (HTR), aged 52.0 +/- 9.9 yr (mean +/- SD), not undergoing structured rehabilitation programs, were tested two to four times during the first 2 yr post-HT. As a refe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000093610.71730.02
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracellular vesicles (EV) are purported to mediate type 2 diabetes and CVD risk and development. Physical activity and a balanced diet reduce disease risk, but no study has tested the hypothesis that short-term interval (INT) training would reduce EV compared with continuous (CONT) exercise in adults with ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002185
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:: To evaluate the initial effects of antipronation taping (APT) on foot posture and electromyographic (EMG) activity of tibialis anterior (TA), tibialis posterior (TP), and peroneus longus (PL) muscles during walking. METHODS:: Five asymptomatic individuals who exhibited lower medial longitudinal arch height o...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318162134f
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether fasting plasma leptin concentration was altered with an increase in training volume in competitive male and female athletes. METHODS:Intercollegiate male (N = 9) and female (N = 12) swimmers were examined during the preseason and at two times during the mid-se...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200102000-00009
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sprint-trained athletes demonstrate a remarkable ability to perform exercise which results in fatigue quickly. However, the mechanisms for these enhanced performance capabilities have not been fully elucidated. Elevation in glycolytic enzymes and increased fast-twitch fiber compositions which would result in an enhanc...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Few epidemiological studies have been conducted among middle-aged women on long-term total and specific physical activity (PA) trends. We studied in a cross-sectional setting the relationship of self-reported total daily PA with age and calendar time. METHODS:In a population-based cohort of 38,988 women aged 4...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000185086.19220.b3
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purposes of this study were to assess a) the effectiveness of Masai Barefoot Technology (MBT) shoe in reducing knee pain in persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and (b) changes in balance, ankle and knee ROM, and ankle strength compared with a high-end walking shoe for 12 wk. METHODS:The research design w...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000228364.93703.53
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The effects of chronic eccentric-only versus concentric-only exercise on muscle physiology and blood biochemistry were investigated. METHODS:Twenty women performed on an isokinetic dynamometer a concentric (n = 10;mean ± SEM: age = 21.0 ± 0.4 yr, body fat = 22.0% ± 0.9%) or an eccentric (n = 10, age = 20.0 ± 0...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e91d90
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stress fractures (SF) are one of the most common and potentially serious overuse injuries. PURPOSE:This study aimed to develop a computational biomechanical model of strain in human tibial bone that will facilitate better understanding of the pathophysiology of SF. METHODS:The MRI of a healthy, young male was used f...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001628
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study tested the hypothesis that exercise training improves myocardial blood flow and regional myocardial contractile function in a lateral border zone located adjacent to the ischemic zone during coronary artery occlusion. METHODS:Fourteen dogs were subjected to either 12 wk of dynamic exercise training ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200104000-00008
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study evaluated the effect of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) on the autonomic nervous modulation in older persons. METHODS:Twenty TCC practitioners and 20 normal controls were included in this study. The stationary state spectral heart rate variability (HRV) measures between TCC practitioners and normal controls, an...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000099242.10669.F7
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventilatory threshold (VT) has been suggested as a method for determining exercise training intensity in cardiac transplant patients (CTPs). Since the VT has not been validated against the more accepted marker of the anaerobic threshold, the lactate threshold (LT), in CTPs, the purpose of this investigation was to...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the acute effect of caffeine on exercise capacity, exercise-related fatigue, and functional performance in prostate cancer survivors. METHODS:In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study, 30 prostate cancer survivors (age, 70.3 ± 7.7 yr; body mass, 80.5 ± 13....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000429
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The midfoot is instrumental to foot function; however, quantifying its roles in human movement has been difficult. A forceful dynamic activity like landing may help elucidate the midfoot's contribution to foot energetics and function. The main purpose of this study was to measure midtarsal joint kinematics and ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001765
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Ipratropium bromide (IB) has been used to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), but its effect varies among individuals. We hypothesized that such variability may reflect individual differences in vagal activity (VA), and therefore determined whether a correlation exists between VA and the effect ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000155436.31581.90
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten pairs of monozygotic twins of both sexes were submitted to a 20-wk endurance-training program, four and five times per week, 40 min per session, at an average of 80% of the maximal heart rate reserve. Testing and training were performed on cycle ergometers. Maximal aerobic power (MAP in ml O2 X min-1 X kg-1) and v...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/00005768-198410000-00012
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to present an alternative paradigm to that of dividing the rate of oxygen consumption by body mass (VO2.M-1, mL.min-1kg-1) for comparing walking economy in humans. METHODS:The paradigm used dimensional analysis and similarity theory to derive a measure of size-independent ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200206000-00017
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed body density (BD) in an ethnically diverse sample of women (African American, Caucasian, Mexican American and Native American) (N = 139) who were between 20 and 30 or 40 and 50 yr of age and of normal weight for their height. BD was assessed using three methods: hydrostatically determined density (...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199701000-00013
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The still-evolving Utah paradigm of skeletal physiology supplements former ideas about the control of postnatal bone strength and "mass" in health and disease, on earth and in orbit, and as functions of physical activities including sports. In its view, peak muscle forces on bone dominate control of the biologic mecha...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005768-200005000-00006
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study effort tolerance in elderly women with different physical activity backgrounds, 52 physically active (PA) and 42 sedentary control women (CO) aged 66-85 yr were assigned to perform cycle ergometer exercise to their volitional maximum. Oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate, work power, an...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199801000-00024
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The prognostic value of peak V˙O2 and V˙E/V˙CO2 slope measured during cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing has been well established in patients with advanced heart failure, but blood pressure response to exercise is less well characterized. METHODS:We retrospectively studied 151 outpatients who underwe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001587
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to determine whether childhood muscular fitness phenotypes (strength, endurance, and power) are independently associated with adult metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS:We conducted a longitudinal study including 737 participants who had muscular fitness measures in 1985 when age 9...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000955
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies have suggested that higher levels of physical activity may lower lung cancer risk; however, few prospective studies have evaluated lung cancer mortality in relation to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), an objective marker of recent physical activity habits. METHODS:Thirty-eight thousand men, ag...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c47b65
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between increasing age and decreasing vagal modulation is well known. However, the importance of fitness as a determinant of the decline in vagal modulation with age is not established. To test the hypothesis that decreasing vagal modulation is largely a function of declining fitness rather than increa...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199706000-00012
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that, for the same power output, arm exercise requires higher oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), and ventilation (VE) than leg exercise and that response kinetics are slower. To evaluate these differences, four healthy subjects performed a total of 95 arm cranking tests....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The development of valid measures of built environments relevant for physical activity is an important step toward controlling the global epidemic of physical inactivity-related noncommunicable diseases and deaths. This study assessed the construct validity of a self-report neighborhood environment walkability ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001131
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00