Effect of ipratropium bromide on EIB in children depends on vagal activity.

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to determine whether endurance training is associated with changes in myocardial perfusion in humans. METHODS:Myocardial perfusion was measured in eleven trained and nine sedentary men at rest and during adenosine-stimulated hyperemia using positron emission tomography (PET). Left ven...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kalliokoski KK,Nuutila P,Laine H,Luotolahti M,Janatuinen T,Raitakari OT,Takala TO,Knuuti J

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the reliability and validity of the School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) physical activity questionnaire, a machine-readable questionnaire designed to collect data from all students in a school from grades 6 to 12 and to provide feedback to the school for planning and evalu...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wong SL,Leatherdale ST,Manske SR

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study examined the effect of exercise training on prepubertal children's (ET, N = 28) lipid-lipoprotein profile, relative to a maturity matched control group (CON, N = 20). METHODS:Training for ET involved stationary cycling for 30 min, 3 times.wk-1 for 12 wk, at 79.3 +/- 1.2% (mean +/- SD) peak heart rat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Tolfrey K,Campbell IG,Batterham AM

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:For ultra-endurance athletes, whose energy expenditure is likely to be at the extremes of human tolerance for sustained periods of time, there is increased concern regarding meeting energy needs. Due to the lack of data outlining the energy requirements of such athletes, it is possible that those participating ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hill RJ,Davies PS

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We examined the effect of electric fan use on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses of nine young (26 ± 3 yr) and nine aged (68 ± 4 yr) adults exposed to extreme heat and humidity. METHODS:While resting at a temperature of 42°C, relative humidity increased from 30% to 70% in 2% increments every 5 min. ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gagnon D,Romero SA,Cramer MN,Kouda K,Poh PYS,Ngo H,Jay O,Crandall CG

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to examine the association of screen time viewing behavior with isometric trunk muscle strength in youth. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out including 606 adolescents (14-16 yr old) participating in the Danish European Youth Heart Study, a population-based study wit...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Grøntved A,Ried-Larsen M,Froberg K,Wedderkopp N,Brage S,Kristensen PL,Andersen LB,Møller NC

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The papers in this supplement to Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise seek to summarize our knowledge of the dose-response relationship of exercise with a variety of health outcomes. This type of rigorous evidence summation has become quite popular in the past 10 years as health care providers and policymakers ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Schriger DL

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The goal of this study was to explore the effect of lifelong aerobic exercise (i.e., chronic training) on skeletal muscle substrate stores (intramyocellular triglyceride [IMTG] and glycogen), skeletal muscle phenotypes, and oxidative capacity (ox), in older endurance-trained master athletes (OA) compared with n...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Dubé JJ,Broskey NT,Despines AA,Stefanovic-Racic M,Toledo FG,Goodpaster BH,Amati F

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Neural adaptations to strength training have long been recognized, but knowledge of mechanisms remains incomplete. Using novel techniques and a design which limited experimental bias, this study examined if 4 wk of strength training alters voluntary activation and corticospinal transmission. METHODS:Twenty-one...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nuzzo JL,Barry BK,Jones MD,Gandevia SC,Taylor JL

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to measure noninvasively the absolute concentrations of muscle adenosine triphosphate [ATP], phosphocreatine [PCr], inorganic phosphate (Pi), and glycogen [Gly] of elite soccer players. METHODS:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P- and 13C-MRS) was used to measure the concentratio...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rico-Sanz J,Zehnder M,Buchli R,Kühne G,Boutellier U

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the relationship of physical activity and its changes over a 9-yr follow-up to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 2060 young adults (24-39 yr) enrolled in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. METHODS:Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was assessed using a self-report question...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Yang X,Telama R,Hirvensalo M,Mattsson N,Viikari JS,Raitakari OT

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Accurate assessment of physical activity (PA) is necessary to identify the sedentary older individual who is in need of activity intervention. Activity monitors are quite popular, although it has been suggested that they are less accurate at slow gait speeds. PURPOSE:To examine the accuracy of the three act...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Storti KL,Pettee KK,Brach JS,Talkowski JB,Richardson CR,Kriska AM

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) comprise multiple subpopulations of exercise-inducible peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that promote angiogenesis and maintain endothelial integrity. We examined the effect of acute maximal exercise on CD31, CD62E, CD14/CD31, CD34/VEGFR2, CD3/CD31, and CD3 PBMC in you...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Shill DD,Marshburn MP,Hempel HK,Lansford KA,Jenkins NT

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides an overview of the history behind the physiological concepts defining the role of the arterial baroreflexes and their regulation of arterial blood pressure during dynamic exercise. Initially, the case is made as to "why the arterial baroreflexes must be involved with blood pressure regulation dur...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Raven PB

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was conducted to test whether a low-frequency vibration-like stimulus (rapid variable resistance) applied during a single session of knee extension exercise would alter muscle performance. METHODS:Torque, knee joint angle, EMG activity of rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles, and VL...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mileva KN,Naleem AA,Biswas SK,Marwood S,Bowtell JL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated in rather specific wheelchair tests the relationships among estimates of isometric upper-body strength (Fiso), sprint power (P30), aerobic power (VO2peak), and maximal power output (POaer) in a group of 44 men (age 34 +/- 12 yr) with longstanding spinal cord injuries ranging from C4/C5 to L5. F...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Janssen TW,van Oers CA,Hollander AP,Veeger HE,van der Woude LH

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endurance performance is a common criterion used to evaluate training or dietary interventions. However, to accurately appraise the effects of an intervention, the endurance performance measure must be reliable. The purpose of the investigation was to establish the reliability of a 1-h endurance performance test. Twen...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bishop D

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Apnea divers hyperinflate the lung by taking a deep breath followed by glossopharyngeal insufflation. The maneuver can lead to symptomatic arterial hypotension. We tested the hypotheses that glossopharyngeal insufflation interferes with cardiac function further reducing cardiac output (CO) using cardiac magneti...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Batinic T,Utz W,Breskovic T,Jordan J,Schulz-Menger J,Jankovic S,Dujic Z,Tank J

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We sought to determine how a stationary activity such as playing a stringed instrument may affect energy expenditure (EE) in adolescents. Using automated indirect calorimetry, we measured EE in eight adolescents (1 male, 7 females, 14.2 +/- 2.1 yr) while they each performed the following activities: watching televisio...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Horswill CA,Kien CL,Zipf WB

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:High-intensity interval training (HIIT) represents a potent stimulus to the dynamic oxygen uptake (V˙O2) response in adults, but whether the same is evident in youth is unknown. HIIT has also been suggested to place a lower demand on the respiratory system, decreasing the likelihood of exacerbation in those wit...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McNarry MA,Winn CON,Davies GA,Eddolls WTB,Mackintosh KA

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ventilatory threshold (VT) has been suggested as a method for determining exercise training intensity in cardiac transplant patients (CTPs). Since the VT has not been validated against the more accepted marker of the anaerobic threshold, the lactate threshold (LT), in CTPs, the purpose of this investigation was to...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Brubaker PH,Berry MJ,Brozena SC,Morley DL,Walter JD,Paolone AM,Bove AA

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two healthy females and twelve healthy males, aged 19-24 yr, underwent strength training for periods of 9-21 wk. The muscles trained included extensor digitorum brevis (N = 3), soleus (N = 7), brachioradialis (N = 4), and the hypothenar muscles (N = 3). The effect of training on motoneuron excitability was measured as...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sale DG,MacDougall JD,Upton AR,McComas AJ

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertical loading rates are typically found to be lower in forefoot compared to rearfoot strikers, promoting the idea that forefoot striking is desirable and may reduce running injury risk. However, prior work using linear models has shown that foot inclination angle (FIA) at initial contact is a poor predictor of vert...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stiffler-Joachim MR,Wille CM,Kliethermes SA,Johnston W,Heiderscheit BC

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether competitive and recreational runners would replicate land training intensity during water immersion (WI) running with (V) and without (NV) a flotation vest and during treadmill running (Tm). Seven female competitive runners (CR) and seven female noncompetitive runners...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gehring MM,Keller BA,Brehm BA

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regression analysis is often used to demonstrate associations among variables believed to be biologically related. Failure to demonstrate a "significant" relationship may be due to two factors: 1) the variables are truly unrelated, or 2) a relationship exists but goes undetected due to inadequate statistical power. In...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sharp DS,Gahlinger PM

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Skeletal muscle injury is major concern in sport- and occupation-related fields. PURPOSE:We investigated the effects of increasing stretch-shortening contraction (SSC) repetition number in vivo and the resulting changes in functional performance and quantitative morphometry in rat skeletal muscle. METHODS:...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Baker BA,Mercer RR,Geronilla KB,Kashon ML,Miller GR,Cutlip RG

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study determined the effects of a single session of heavy-resistance exercise on myosin heavy-chain (MHC) mRNA expression, along with the expression of the transcription factors Myo-D, myogenin, and Id-1. METHODS:Four male subjects participated in a control group (CON) and seven in a resistance-exercise g...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Willoughby DS,Nelson MJ

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Athletes occasionally follow pacing patterns that seem unreasonably aggressive compared with those of prerace performances, potentially because of the motivation provided by competition. This study evaluated the effect of extrinsic motivation on cyclists' time trial performance. METHODS:Well-trained recreation...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hulleman M,De Koning JJ,Hettinga FJ,Foster C

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the maximum oxygen uptake V0(2max) of elite endurance athletes and to explain why the body mass exponent, necessary to render V0(2max) independent of body mass, appears to be greater than 0.67. METHODS:Study 1: V0(2max) of 174 international sportsmen and women was assessed. Athletes were recruited f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nevill A,Brown D,Godfrey R,Johnson P,Romer L,Stewart AD,Winter EM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inappropriate cushioning and/or tractional characteristics of sports surfaces are assumed to increase surface-related injuries in various sports activities. Various tests assessing cushioning and frictional properties are currently in use to evaluate sports surfaces with respect to their potential to reduce the number...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nigg BM

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00