Abstract:
PURPOSE:Apnea divers hyperinflate the lung by taking a deep breath followed by glossopharyngeal insufflation. The maneuver can lead to symptomatic arterial hypotension. We tested the hypotheses that glossopharyngeal insufflation interferes with cardiac function further reducing cardiac output (CO) using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to fully sample both cardiac chambers. METHODS:Eleven dive athletes (10 men, 1 woman; age = 26 ± 5 yr, body mass index = 23.5 ± 1.7 kg·m(-2)) underwent cardiac MRI during breath holding at functional residual capacity (baseline), at total lung capacity (apnea), and with submaximal glossopharyngeal insufflation. Lung volumes were estimated from anatomic images. Short-axis cine MR images were acquired to study biventricular function. Dynamic changes were followed by long-axis cine MRI. RESULTS:Left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes (LVEDV, RVEDV) decreased during apnea with and without glossopharyngeal insufflation (baseline: LVEDV = 198 ± 19 mL, RVEDV = 225 ± 30 mL; apnea: LVEDV = 125 ± 38 mL, RVEDV = 148 ± 37 mL, P < 0.001; glossopharyngeal insufflation: LVEDV = 108 ± 26 mL, RVEDV = 136 ± 29 mL, P < 0.001 vs baseline). CO decreased during apnea (left = -29 ± 4 %, right = -29 ± 4 %) decreasing further with glossopharyngeal insufflation (left = -38% ± 4%, right = -39% ± 4%, P < 0.05). HR increased 16 ± 4 bpm with apnea and 17 ± 5 bpm with glossopharyngeal insufflation (P < 0.01). Ejection fraction moderately decreased (apnea: left = -5% ± 2%, right = -7% ± 2%, glossopharyngeal insufflation: left = -6% ± 2%, right = -10% ± 2%, P < 0.01). With continued apnea with and without glossopharyngeal insufflation, LVEDV and CO increased over time by a similar but small amount (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The major finding of our study was that submaximal glossopharyngeal insufflation decreased CO further albeit by a small amount compared to maximal inspiratory apnea. The response was not associated with severe biventricular dysfunction.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Batinic T,Utz W,Breskovic T,Jordan J,Schulz-Menger J,Jankovic S,Dujic Z,Tank Jdoi
10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821ff294subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
2095-101issue
11eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the relationship between baseline leisure-time physical activity and changes in leisure activity during follow-up on long-term weight changes. METHODS:We evaluated prospectively 11,974 participants (university graduates) who participated in a dynamic cohort (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra co...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
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abstract:UNLABELLED:Although effects of workload and cadence on sagittal plane knee biomechanics in cycling have been widely studied, few studies have examined their impact on the frontal plane. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different workloads and cadences on knee sagittal and frontal pla...
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
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doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
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doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00