Effect of exercise, heat stress, and hydration on immune cell number and function.

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate neuromuscular characteristics and muscle power as determinants of distance running performance. METHODS:Seventeen male endurance athletes performed a 5-km time trial (5K) that included three separate constant-velocity 200-m laps during the course and a maximal 20-m ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Paavolainen LM,Nummela AT,Rusko HK

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To test our hypothesis that differences in urinary calcium excretion among blacks and whites may be secondary to ethnic variations in acid (H(+)) metabolism and to prove that increases in titratable acid excretion would be found among individuals predisposed to the development of stress fractures. METHODS:We a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Vaitkevicius H,Witt R,Maasdam M,Walters K,Gould M,Mackenzie S,Farrow S,Lockette W

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Alternative high school (AHS) students are an underserved population of youth at greater risk for poor health behaviors and outcomes. Little is known about their physical activity patterns. PURPOSE:: The purpose of this study was to describe 1) physical activity levels of students attending alternative hi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sirard JR,Kubik MY,Fulkerson JA,Arcan C

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two goals of this study were: 1) to establish a stimulation pattern which would drive the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle of the dog, in situ, to maximal work rate, W, and 2) to determine whether the surgical isolation of the circulation of this muscle, necessary to measure the muscle flow, Q, reduced the muscle's ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stainsby WN,Andrew GM

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study examines the usefulness of complementing accelerometry-based physical activity measurement with spatial data from portable global positioning system (GPS) units to determine where physical activity occurs. METHODS:First, using the geographic distribution of data points and Bland-Altman plots, we exa...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rodríguez DA,Brown AL,Troped PJ

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations of person-related factors with physical activity (PA) behavior in young adults. METHODS:We analyzed longitudinal self-reported time spent in moderate-intensity PA (MPA; 4-7 METs) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA; >7 METs) from 499 young adults (49% male) ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Uijtdewilligen L,Twisk JW,Chinapaw MJ,Koppes LL,Van Mechelen W,Singh AS

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A previous study has shown that subjects who entrain breathing during cycling exhibit a lower oxygen consumption (VO2) compared with random breathing. We sought to investigate the hypothesis that entrainment of breathing during rowing improved biomechanical economy (reduced VO2) compared with spontaneous breathing. A ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Maclennan SE,Silvestri GA,Ward J,Mahler DA

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of steady state exercise on the power spectrum of heart rate variability were studied in 19 healthy subjects. Continuous ECG signals were recorded during 1) 15 min of rest in the supine state, 2) 10 min of standing, 3) 10 min of steady state exercise at 50% of maximum predicted power output on a cycle ergo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kamath MV,Fallen EL,McKelvie R

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coordination of blood flow control in exercising skeletal muscle is exemplified by the interaction among muscle fibers, nerves, and the smooth muscle and endothelial cells which comprise the resistance vasculature. During functional hyperemia in active muscle, maximal flow exceeds resting values by 10- to 50-fold,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Segal SS,Kurjiaka DT

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Unilateral elbow pain results in sensorimotor dysfunction that is frequently bilateral, affects local and remote upper limb muscles, and persists beyond resolution of local tendon symptoms. These characteristics suggest supraspinal involvement. Here, we investigated 1) the excitability and organization of ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Schabrun SM,Hodges PW,Vicenzino B,Jones E,Chipchase LS

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:The goal of this program was to determine the feasibility of a novel noninvasive, highly miniaturized optomechanical earbud sensor for accurately estimating total energy expenditure (TEE) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max). The optomechanical sensor module, small enough to fit inside commercia...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Leboeuf SF,Aumer ME,Kraus WE,Johnson JL,Duscha B

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Aerobic exercise training in sedentary individuals improves physical fitness and various cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers. Nevertheless, there has been controversy as to whether exercise training may adversely affect some biomarkers in a small segment of the population. The purpose of this study was to investigat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Leifer ES,Mikus CR,Karavirta L,Resnick BD,Kraus WE,Häkkinen K,Earnest CP,Fleg JL

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:This study tested the hypothesis that females rely on thermal behavior to a greater extent during and after exercise, relative to males. METHODS:In a 24°C ± 1°C; (45% ± 10% RH) environment, 10 males (M) and 10 females (F) (22 ± 2 yr) cycled for 60 min (metabolic heat production: M, 117 ± 18 W·m; F, 129 ± ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Vargas NT,Chapman CL,Sackett JR,Johnson BD,Gathercole R,Schlader ZJ

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objectives of the present study were to examine gender differences and between-day variability of isometric hamstring muscle peak torque and perceived exertion. METHODS:Subjects included 20 healthy, college-aged male (N = 10) and female (N = 10) volunteers. Each subject completed five maximal voluntary iso...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pincivero DM,Campy RM,Coelho AJ

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Obesity is epidemic in Western societies, with rapid rates of increase in the young. Various methods exist for the assessment of body composition, but these have not been compared in obese children and adolescents. This study compared methods of body composition assessment in obese young people to determine whe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Watts K,Naylor LH,Davis EA,Jones TW,Beeson B,Bettenay F,Siafarikas A,Bell L,Ackland T,Green DJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Maternal obesity is known to predispose the offspring to impaired glucose metabolism and obesity associated with low-grade inflammation and hypothalamic dysfunction. Because preventive approaches in this context are missing to date, we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms in the offspring that are affected by...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bae-Gartz I,Janoschek R,Kloppe CS,Vohlen C,Roels F,Oberthür A,Alejandre Alcazar MA,Lippach G,Muether PS,Dinger K,Ferrari N,Graf C,Dötsch J,Hucklenbruch-Rother E

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the utility of two equations for predicting minimum wrestling weight and three equations for predicting body density for the population of high school wrestlers. A sample of 54 wrestlers was assessed for body density by underwater weighing, residual volume by helium dilution, and selected anthr...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Williford HN,Smith JF,Mansfield ER,Conerly MD,Bishop PA

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate and improve the accuracy of accelerometer-type pedometers used by the elderly with slow walking speeds, with or without gait disorders, who do or do not use a cane. METHODS:Eighteen subjects walked with a cane (5 males, 13 females; age, 80.9 +/- 7.7 yr; height, 148.1 +/...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ichinoseki-Sekine N,Kuwae Y,Higashi Y,Fujimoto T,Sekine M,Tamura T

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the prevalence of full-thickness focal chondral defects in the athlete's knee. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of multiple databases, evaluating studies of the prevalence of articular cartilage defects in athletes. Because of the heterogeneity of data, a meta-analysis could not be perform...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Flanigan DC,Harris JD,Trinh TQ,Siston RA,Brophy RH

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that leg blood flow and leg O2 extraction during peak exercise are reduced with age in healthy normally active women. METHODS:Thirteen younger (20-27 yr) and 12 older (60-71 yr) nonendurance trained women performed graded upright leg cycling to maximum exertion (VO2peak), while leg blood...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Proctor DN,Koch DW,Newcomer SC,Le KU,Smithmyer SL,Leuenberger UA

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyruvate and dihydroxyacetone are three carbon compounds that when infused directly into the blood or taken orally produce strong metabolic effects. When chronically fed to animals as part of their diet, pyruvate plus dihydroxyacetone reduce the rate of weight gain and body fat content during growth. These alterations...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ivy JL

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations between participation frequency in physical education (PE) classes and objective measures of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children from 12 countries at different levels of development. METHODS:This multinational, cross-sectional study includ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Silva DAS,Chaput JP,Katzmarzyk PT,Fogelholm M,Hu G,Maher C,Olds T,Onywera V,Sarmiento OL,Standage M,Tudor-Locke C,Tremblay MS

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to test whether a tidally ventilated homogeneous lung model can correctly describe arterial and end-tidal gas partial pressures and thus the difference in end-tidal and arterial gas partial pressures at rest and during exercise. METHODS:The implemented mathematical modeling described ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Benallal H,Denis C,Prieur F,Busso T

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine substrate utilization and energy expenditure during maximal and submaximal exercise and recovery in adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) and healthy age-matched controls (C). METHODS:Ten clinically stable CF patients (four girls, six boys; age = 10-22 yr) were matched by body mass index, age, gen...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wideman L,Baker CF,Brown PK,Consitt LA,Ambrosius WT,Schechter MS

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity questionnaires (PAQs) are considered the most cost-efficient method to estimate total energy expenditure (TEE) in epidemiological studies. However, relatively few PAQs have been validated using doubly labeled water (DLW) in women or in samples with diverse ethnic backgrounds. This study was co...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Staten LK,Taren DL,Howell WH,Tobar M,Poehlman ET,Hill A,Reid PM,Ritenbaugh C

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Sedentary Sphere is a method for the analysis, identification, and visual presentation of sedentary behaviors from a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer. PURPOSE:This study aimed to introduce the concept of the Sedentary Sphere and to determine the accuracy of posture classification from wrist acceleromet...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rowlands AV,Olds TS,Hillsdon M,Pulsford R,Hurst TL,Eston RG,Gomersall SR,Johnston K,Langford J

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 25-yr-old female triathlete presented with 4 d of increasing left calf pain that started 1 d after an elective termination of pregnancy during the eighth week of gestation. She had been training with running, bicycling, and swimming but did not recall any injury to the calf muscle. Deep venous thrombosis of the calf...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Roberts WO,Christie DM Jr

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Walking is likely to contribute substantially to nonexercise activity thermogenesis. The Tracmor triaxial accelerometer system (Maastricht, The Netherlands) is the most widely validated system for detecting body movement in free-living subjects. The aim of this study was to validate the Tracmor triaxial acceler...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Levine JA,Baukol PA,Westerterp KR

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationships between physical activity, physical fitness, and coronary heart disease risk factors measured in a large community sample were evaluated. Self-reported physical activity using a single question, maximal oxygen consumption estimates derived from the Pawtucket Heart Health Step Test, blood pressure, no...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Eaton CB,Lapane KL,Garber CE,Assaf AR,Lasater TM,Carleton RA

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To measure the influence of vitamin E ingestion on oxidative stress and immune changes in response to the Triathlon World Championship in Kona, Hawaii. METHODS:Thirty-eight triathletes received vitamin E (VitE) (800 IU x d(-1) alpha-tocopherol) or placebo (Pla) capsules in randomized, double-blind fashion for ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nieman DC,Henson DA,McAnulty SR,McAnulty LS,Morrow JD,Ahmed A,Heward CB

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00