Abstract:
PURPOSE:The development of valid measures of built environments relevant for physical activity is an important step toward controlling the global epidemic of physical inactivity-related noncommunicable diseases and deaths. This study assessed the construct validity of a self-report neighborhood environment walkability scale adapted for Africa (NEWS-Africa), by examining relationships with self-reported walking for transportation and recreation using pooled data from six sub-Saharan African countries. METHODS:NEWS was systematically adapted to assess urban, periurban, and rural environments in sub-Saharan Africa. Adults (n = 469, 18-85 yr, 49.7% women) from Cameroon, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda were purposively recruited from neighborhoods varying in walkability and socioeconomic status, with some from villages. Participants completed the 76-item (13 subscales) NEWS-Africa by structured interview and reported weekly minutes of walking for transport and recreation using items from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS:The overall "walkability" index had a positive relationship with both walking for transportation (η = 0.020, P = 0.005) and recreation (η = 0.013, P = 0.028) in the pooled analyses. The mixed-use access and stranger danger scales were positively related with transport walking (η = 0.020, P = 0.006 and η = 0.021, P = 0.040, respectively). Proximity of recreational facilities (η = 0.016, P = 0.015), road/path connectivity (η = 0.025, P = 0.002), path infrastructure (η = 0.021, P = 0.005), and overall places for walking and cycling (η = 0.012, P = 0.029) scales were positively related to recreational walking. Country-specific results were mostly nonsignificant except for South Africa and Uganda. CONCLUSIONS:Of 14 NEWS-Africa scales, 7 were significantly related to walking behavior in pooled analyses, providing partial support for the construct validity of NEWS-Africa. However, effect sizes appeared to be lower than those from other continents. Further study with larger and more diverse samples is needed to determine whether the instrument performs well in each country.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Oyeyemi AL,Conway TL,Adedoyin RA,Akinroye KK,Aryeetey R,Assah F,Cain KL,Gavand KA,Kasoma SS,Kolbe-Alexander TL,Lambert EV,Larouche R,Moss SJ,Ocansey R,Onywera VO,Prista A,Tremblay MS,Sallis JFdoi
10.1249/MSS.0000000000001131subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-01 00:00:00pages
482-491issue
3eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:Few epidemiological studies have been conducted among middle-aged women on long-term total and specific physical activity (PA) trends. We studied in a cross-sectional setting the relationship of self-reported total daily PA with age and calendar time. METHODS:In a population-based cohort of 38,988 women aged 4...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000185086.19220.b3
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrostatic weighing (HW) was performed at residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity without head submersion (TLCNS). Ninety-five males (25.6 +/- 4.9 yr) and 87 females (22.6 +/- 5.2 yr) were studied at two laboratory sites using identical protocols. Twenty males and 20 females were separated from the original grou...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/00005768-198802000-00010
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Pedometers may provide valuable information regarding the ambulatory patterns of adolescents, but the effects of body mass index (BMI) on pedometer accuracy in this population are unknown.The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to determine whether the New Lifestyles NL-2000 (NL) and the Digi-Walker SW-200 (D...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182746aa5
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of the sickle cell trait in a school for elite young athletes in Cameroon, West Africa, was examined in order to evaluate whether the choice of an athletic career was influenced by its presence. The presence of hemoglobin AS was found in 27 of the 145 students attending the school (18.6%). Since the fre...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed 1) to define the principal components of physical function assessed by 10 common lower extremity physical performance tests and 2) to derive a reduced-item set of physical performance tests that efficiently and accurately measures raw performance and limb symmetry on each underlying component i...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002422
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Exogenous ketones potentially provide an alternative, energetically advantageous fuel to power exercising skeletal muscle. However, there is limited evidence regarding their relative contribution to energy expenditure during exercise. Furthermore, the effect of blood ketone concentration and exercise inten...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002502
更新日期:2020-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between VO2 and velocity of running (running economy) has been rather casually dealt with until very recently, and there still remains considerable disagreement as to the importance of this variable. Various factors which have been shown, or appear, to affect running economy include environment (tempe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Highly trained endurance athletes train and race at relatively high intensities and are often confronted with challenges throughout a running event. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the anticipation of a proposed challenge on effort sense, heart rate (HR), ventilation ([dotVE), and ventil...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199910000-00016
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The prevalences of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol all decrease with increased levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether these reductions extend beyond contemporary guideline activity levels and whether fitness affects medication use independent of activity, remains unclear...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318145b337
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:FRESH START is a randomized controlled trial that will test whether a personally tailored, distance-medicine-based program will increase exercise and fruit and vegetable consumption, and decrease fat intake of individuals recently diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer. METHODS:Early-stage breast and prostat...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000053704.28156.0F
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and reliability of the following electronic pedometers for measuring steps: Freestyle Pacer Pro (FR), Kenz Lifecorder (KZ), New Lifestyles NL-2000 (NL), Omron HJ-105 (OM), Oregon Scientific PE316CA (OR), Sportline 330 (SL330) and 345 (SL345), Walk4Life LS ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000089342.96098.C4
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Decreased lumbo-pelvic (or core) stability has been suggested to contribute to the etiology of lower extremity injuries, particularly in females. This prospective study compares core stability measures between genders and between athletes who reported an injury during their season versus those who ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000128145.75199.c3
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine how a stationary activity such as playing a stringed instrument may affect energy expenditure (EE) in adolescents. Using automated indirect calorimetry, we measured EE in eight adolescents (1 male, 7 females, 14.2 +/- 2.1 yr) while they each performed the following activities: watching televisio...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The prognostic value of peak V˙O2 and V˙E/V˙CO2 slope measured during cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing has been well established in patients with advanced heart failure, but blood pressure response to exercise is less well characterized. METHODS:We retrospectively studied 151 outpatients who underwe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001587
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Aerobic training of professional road cyclists is linked to tremendous aerobic capacities that have never been clearly related to what occur in skeletal muscles submitted to a specific exercise. The aim of the present study was to examine specifically metabolic recovery after an incremental cycling exercise per...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000162616.20085.b4
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to determine whether chronic physical forearm activity would increase both structural and physiologic indices of peripheral forearm vasodilation, we studied a group (N = 7) of individuals chronically performing high levels of arm work, young wheelchair-confined paraplegics, and compared them with ten youn...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effects of anabolic steroids on myocardial structure, VO2max, and body composition, experienced age-matched male weight trainers (M age 26.5 yr) who either used (U) (N = 11) or did not use (NU) (N = 13) anabolic steroids were evaluated. Steroid users were tested while off cycle (U-OFF) for at least 8 ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Little is known of the potential long-term gait alterations that occur after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. In particular, variables, such as impact loading, which have been previously associated with joint deterioration, have not been studied in walking and running after an ACL reconstruct...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318285c6b6
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether physical performance adaptation is impaired in smokers during early stages of military training and to examine some of the putative mechanistic candidates that could explain any impairment. METHODS:We examined measures of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA], lipid hydroperoxides), infl...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002224
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Compare the influence of the chemoreflex on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) responses between children and adults. METHODS:Seventy children (35 boys and 35 girls) and 70 adults (35 men and 35 women) performed 30% maximal voluntary contraction static handgrip exercise (SHG) for 3 min, followed by 4 min ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000155400.14813.df
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of thermal stress and hydration status on immune function during exercise. METHODS:Ten trained men completed four cycle ergometer rides at 55% VO2peak under the following conditions: EN (euhydrated neutral; 22 degrees C, 30% RH), DN (dehydrated neutral), EH...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200212000-00013
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, which is hypothesized to shuttle nonmetabolized fatty acids, particularly when excessive fatty acids are present. PURPOSE:Obese Zucker rats (OZR) have systematically elevated levels of fatty acids, with decreased fatty acid metabolism. W...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817702a4
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to validate a parent proxy record of children's physical activity with CSA Model 7164 accelerometers. METHODS:A parent proxy record was developed to record children's activity after school on weekdays and all day long on weekends for 7 d. Parents recorded both duration and in...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000174906.38722.2e
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The asthmatic airway responds to exercise by bronchodilation (BD) during and bronchoconstriction (BC) after exercise. A refractory period induced by an initial exercise challenge that provides protection against BC during a subsequent exercise bout has also been observed. However, no studies examining during-ex...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200301000-00004
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To validate the 7-d Physical Activity Recall (PAR) telephone interview version and its activity intensity categories. METHODS:Seventy-four adults (47 women, 27 men), ranging in age (18-67) and activity levels, were interviewed by phone and in-person using the same PAR protocol. Each participant wore a TriTrac-...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000064941.43869.4E
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether efferent sympathetic nerve activity is different to resting skeletal muscles from the exercising and nonexercising limb. MSNA was measured by microneurography in both legs (peroneal nerve) in six subjects during 2 min of unilateral isometric knee extension (IKE; 10-30...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Controversy surrounds whether running mechanics make good predictors of running economy (RE) with little known about the development of an economical running gait. PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to identify if mechanical or physiological variables changed during 10 wk of running in beginners and whether ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318255a727
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is a highly specific marker of myocardial damage and used clinically in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Release of cTnT has been demonstrated in several small studies after endurance exercise. The purpose of this study was to explore, using a meta-analytic approach,...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318153ff78
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to design and validate a working tool for the objective evaluation of daily energy expenditure (DEE) by means of a simple, noninvasive method: the QAPSE (Saint-Etienne Physical Activity Questionnaire), a questionnaire about physical activity (PA) over a period of 7 d (168 h). This eight...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Heart rate variability (HRV) indices are powerful independent prognostic factors of cardiovascular events and all cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study evaluates the influence of lifestyle on HRV in CHF patients. METHODS:Thirty-nine CHF patients (33 men, ischemic/dilated card...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000174881.68546.ec
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00